urogenital triangle in male
DESCRIPTION
Urogenital triangle in male. Dr R ania G abr. OBJECTIVES. perineum. The cavity of the pelvis is divided by the pelvic diaphragm into : 1- the main pelvic cavity above and 2- the perineum below , When the thighs are abducted, the perineum is diamond shaped and is bounded: - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Dr Rania Gabr
UROGENITAL TRIANGLE IN MALE
OBJECTIVES1. Describe the boundaries, division & contents of urogenital triangle in male.2. Recite the parts of the male external genital organs.3. Define the scrotum.4.Describe the normal site & shape of the scrotum.5. Discuss the layers and the contents of the scrotum.6. Define the blood supply of the scrotum.
7. Define the parts of the penis.8. Discuss the sectional anatomical structure of the penis.9. Mention the vascular and nerve supply of the penis.10. Discuss its lymphatic drainage
PERINEUM• The cavity of the pelvis is divided by the pelvic
diaphragm into :
• 1- the main pelvic cavity above and
• 2- the perineum below,
• When the thighs are abducted, the perineum is diamond shaped and is bounded:
• anteriorly by the symphysis pubis,
• posteriorly by the tip of the coccyx, and
• laterally by the ischial tuberosities
PERINEUM
• Two Triangles• Anal triangle (posterior) contains the anus• Urogenital triangle (anterior) contains the
root of the scrotum and penis in males or the external genitalia in females
• The perineal membrane stretches between the two sides of the pubic arch and covers the anterior part of the outlet
TRIANGLES
PERINEAL BODY• An irregular mass of variable size and consistency, located at
midpoint of the line between the ischial tuberosities• Forms the central point of the perineum• Lies in the subcutaneous tissue, posterior to vestibule and anterior
to the anal canal & anus, blends anteriorly with the perineal membrane
Function:It serves as a point of attachment for the following muscles: external anal sphincter, bulbospongiosus muscle, and superficial transverse perineal muscles.• Plays an important role in
visceral support especially in female
PERINEAL BODY
The urogenital diaphragm is a triangular musculofascial diaphragm situated in the anterior part of the perineum.It is formed by the sphincter urethrae muscle & deep transverse perineal muscles, which are enclosed between a superior and an inferior layers of fascia of the urogenital diaphragm. The inferior layer of fascia is often referred to as the perineal membrane.
Urogenital Diaphragm
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Contents of the Male Urogenital TrianglePenis Location and DescriptionThe penis has a root, & a body
RootRoot is made up of 3 erectile tissue called the bulb of the penis. (paired corpora cavernosa dorsally & single corpora spongiosum ventrally) & the right and left crura of the penis.
BulbThe bulb is attached to the undersurface of the urogenital diaphragm, traversed by the urethra and is covered on its outer surface by the bulbospongiosus muscles
The bulb is continued forward into the body of the penis and forms the corpus spongiosum.
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CruraEach crus is attached to the side of the pubic arch and is covered on its outer surface by the ischiocavernosus muscle. The two crura converge anteriorly and come to lie side by side in the dorsal part of the body of the penis, forming the corpora cavernosa.
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PENIS Copulatory & Excretory
organ. Excretory: Penile urethra: Carries
urine & sperm. Copulatory: Has (3) cylindrical
masses or erectile tissue Two Corpora
Cavernosa One Corpus
Spongiosum
CCCS
Corpora Cavernosa
Paired Right & leftSuperior masses of(Primary erectile tissue).Provide the majority of rigidity & length of penisTheir Posterior Expansions: form Crura (anchor” tissue) against pelvic bone
Corpus Spongiosum
The Inferior mass(A Secondary erectile tissue)
Traversed by the Penile urethraIts Anterior expansion: forms the GlansPrepuce : Fold of skin covering glansIts Posterior expansion: forms Bulb of penis
Blood SupplyArteriesThe corpora cavernosa are supplied by the deep arteries of the penis the corpus spongiosum is supplied by the artery of the bulb. In addition, there is the dorsal artery of the penis. (branches of internal pudendal artery)
VeinsThe veins drain into the deep dorsal veins to the internal pudendal veins.
Lymph DrainageSuperficial inguinal nodes & internal iliac nodes.
Nerve SupplyPudendal nerve & the pelvic plexuses
COMPONENTS OF MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
I- Primary Sex Organ: Testis.
II- Reproductive Tract: Epididymis. Vas Deferens. Spermatic cord.
III- Accessory Sex Glands: Seminal vesicles. Prostate gland. Bulbourethral glands.
IV- External genitalia: Penis
SCROTUM
The scrotum is a cutaneous sac consisting of two layers: heavily pigmented skin and closely related dartos fascia
It is divided into two compartments which are distinguished externally by a middle ridge called the raphe. Internally, the raphe connects to a muscular partition, the septum, which serves to divide the scrotum into its two areas
The Left scrotum is lower than the right.
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Contents:One testis and one epidydimis in each compartement
Functions: Houses & Protects the testis Regulates testicular temperature It has thin skin with sparse hairs and sweat glands. The Dartos muscle lies within the superficial fascia.
• The arterial supply of the scrotum :1- Posterior scrotal branches of the perineal artery, a branch of the internal pudendal artery.
2- Anterior scrotal branches of the deep external pudendal artery, a branch of the femoral artery.
3- Cremasteric artery, a branch of the inferior epigastric artery.
• Scrotal veins accompany the arteries
• Lymphatic vessels of the scrotum drain into the superficial inguinal lymph nodes
• The nerves of the scrotum include the:• Genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve (L1, L2) supplying
the anterolateral surface.• Anterior scrotal nerves, branches of the ilioinguinal nerve (L1)
supplying the anterior surface.• Posterior scrotal nerves, branches of the perineal branch of
the pudendal nerve (S2- S4) supplying the posterior surface.• Perineal branches of the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
(S2, S3) supplying the inferior surface.
TESTIS
• Paired almond-shape gonads that are suspended in the scrotum by the spermatic cord
• 4 - 5 cm long
• Weigh (10.5 – 14) g Functions:
Spermatogenesis. Hormone production (Androgens-
testosterone).
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-It develops in the abdomen; descends into the scrotum before birth;
-It is made up of tightly coiled tubes (SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES) where sperms are formed;
-scattered between tubules are the LEYDIG CELLS (produce testosterone and other androgens).
(Leydig cells)
TESTIS
COVERINGS OF THE TESTIS• Tunica Vaginalis:• Peritoneal covering,
formed of parietal and visceral layers.
• It surrounds testis & epididymis.
• It allows free movement of testis inside scrotum.
• Tunica albugenia• It is a whitish fibrous
capsuleTV
Internal Structure of Testis
Fibrous septae extend from the capsule, divide the testis into a (200-300) lobules.
Each lobule contains, (1-3) seminiferous tubules.
Seminiferous Tubules:They are the site of the spermatogenesis.They form the bulk of testicular tissue.
Rete testis: (a network of tubules)It is the Site of merging of the Seminiferous tubules.
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BLOOD SUPPLY OF TESTIS
Testicular artery:
It is a direct branch from the abdominal aorta.
Venous drainage : (Pampiniform plexus of veins. Approximately a dozen veins
which forms a network in the spermatic cord.
• They become larger, converge as it approached the inguinal canal and form the Testicular vein.
Testicular Artery
Right Vein drains into IVC.Left Vein drains into Left Renal Vein.
Testicular Lymphatics:Follow arteries, veins end in Lumbar (par aortic) nodes From scrotum, penis, prepuce: Terminate in Superficial Inguinal nodes
EpididymisA Single coiled tubule
6 M long Located on the posterior & superior margins of the testis. It is divided into:Head, Body and Tail.
The Head receives efferent ductules from testis.The Tail is continuous with Vas Deferens
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Functions:• 1. Secretes/absorbs the nourishing
fluid.• 2. Recycles damaged spermatozoa.• 3. Stores spermatozoa Up to 2 weeks
to allow for maturation.• It is the site where sperms become
motile and gain the ability to fertilize.
VAS DEFERENS
A Muscular tube 45 cm long. Carries sperms from the
Epididymis to pelvic cavity.• Passes through the inguinal
canal • It crosses the ureter• Its terminal part is dilated to
form the Ampulla of the vas It joins the urethra in the
prostate
Thank you