SUBJECT-ETHICS AND GOVERNANCETYBMS – BTOPIC – URBAN POVERTYPROF. SWAPNA JOSHI

Group members SHAH DRASHTI-557

SHAH HETVI -558 SHAH JAIDEEP-559

SHAH JIL-560 SHAH KHUSHBU-561

SHAH KRISHI-562 SHAH MAITRI-563

Index INTRODUCTION

CAUSES OF URBAN POVERTY

DIMEMSIONS OF URBAN POVERTY

NATIONAL SLUM DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM (NSDP)

PROS AND CONS OF NSDP

DEMISE OF STATE AND PUBLIC SERVICES

REPORT ON URBAN POVERTY

URBAN POVERTY AND ETHICS

SUMMARY

CONCLUSION

Urban poverty Urban poverty is a multidimensional phenomenon. The urban poor live with many deprivations.

Urban poverty exists everywhere, although on different levels, from poor to rich countries. You recognise it in substandard living conditions and incomes along with deficient provision of basic public services (running water, electricity, etc).

But urban poverty is not just a collection of characteristics, it is also a dynamic condition of vulnerability or susceptibility to risks.

CAUSES FOR URBAN POVERTY• Over Population

• Droughts and floods

• Pickers v/s Collectors

• Illiteracy

• Improper training

• Unequal distribution of Income

Slow Job Growth

Terrorism and War Cons

Urbanization

Migration from Rural to Urban

Livelihood issues and Financial crisis

Social Infra

Dimensions of urban poverty•Limted asset base for individuals,households or communities.

•Inadequate provision of ‘public’ infrastructure of services.

•Inadequate protection by law.

•‘Voice-less-ness’ and powerlessness within the political system.

•Exploitation and discrimination.

•Limitd access to employment opportunities,adequate health and education opportunities.

•Inadequate and insecure housing and unhealthy environment.

National Slum Development Program (NSDP)

NSDP was launched in 1997-98. It was sponsored by the Central Government. The Objective of NSDP is up-gradation and improvement of infrastructure, water supply, sanitation, education facilities, health care, housing and environmental improvements through the sustainable support systems.

Funding pattern will be allocated to states on basis on slum population.

Pros & Cons of NSDP Provision of physical amenities.

Community infrastructure. Community primary health care centre buildings.

Provision for shelter.

Illegal and notified slums.

In actuality, the NSDP is targeting only about 50% of slum settlements.

Reduction or development of slum is nullified.

Demise of the State & Public Services

Public and Private Sector Together.

Social Corruption and Rivalries.

Local Corruption and Embezzlement.

Report on urban population

The UNDP INDIA: Urban poverty report summarizes that urban areas play a critical role in economic development of a country and is also giving rise to the growing concern about increasing poverty in urban centers.

Urbanization of poverty increases as people migrate to cities in search of livelihood opportunities.

The report estimates that 50%of slums are in 5 big metros.

Mumbai, Delhi, Chennai, Kolkata account for over 50% of India's slums household.

66% of statutory towns have slums.

137.49 lakh household living in 1.08lakh slums in India.

17.4% of urban households live in slums, according to 2011 census.

Slum dweller spend nearly 50% of income on foods.

Urban poverty unlike rural poverty, imposes considerable negative externalities on the society and economy.

As the reports point out that the urban poverty poses the problems of housing and shelters, water, sanitation, health, education, social security, and livelihoods along with special needs of vulnerable groups like women, children, and aged people.

Over crowded slums without access to these basic amenities and social welfare nets, and with constant uncertainty associated with evictions and loss of livelihoods gives fuel to social evils like drugs or crime.

Reports says that 32.7% of the people living on $1.25 per day and below the international extreme poverty line, India houses to one third of the worlds poor.

It says that India have lifted only 38 million people out of extreme poverty since 1980s

Poverty is still prevalent in rural areas than urban areas but the gap is gradually closing, many Indian states report a higher poverty figure in urban areas.

Some organization are only willing to serve those who are belonging to a specific community or caste.

Urban poverty and Ethics

ETHICS CAN BE SEEN FROM 3 POINT OF VIEW

PERSONAL-SPEND LESS ,SAVE MORE/NEED NOT WANT

SOCIAL-Remove the social structure that emphasises on wants rather than needs.

Government-Create a urban environment that provides basic necessasites to its every citizen.(food ,shelter, transport),employement generation.

Summary Urban middle class has a standard to maintain,clothes and the grooming,lunches and dinners,olas and the ubers,the starbucks coffee you have to buy because that’s where your job interview is,Jimmy choo and Louis viutonn ,rolex and omegas,nothing is enough.

As the bank balances passes zero by 22nd of the month but stil; somehow we manage and sail the boat to the shore because we have an image to maintain.

CONCLUSION There are two types of urban poor first is unepmloyed and other one is employed but have limited disposable income.

Both are considered to be urban poor and sufficient steps have to be taken to overcome both the aspects.

Emphasizing on needs rather than wants, inculcating saving habits,taking propereconomical and political mesures

We dress according to the jobs we want,forgetting the most salaries are tailored to afford dressing for the jobs we have.

Because if we buy things we don’t need, we have to sell things we need (Warren Buffet).

Thankyou!