upload-2972013-bai 14.380-390

J. Sci. & Devel., Vol. 11, No. 3: 380-390

Tp ch Khoa hc v Pht trin 2013, tp 11, s 3: 380-390 www.hua.edu.vn

380

THIT K V CH TO G CHUYN DNG DNG TRONG GIA CNG V HP GIM TC XE NNG

Phm Th Hng1, Ng ng Hunh1, Bi Vn Bc2

1Khoa C in, Trng i hc Nng nghip H Ni; 2Lp CTM-K53

Email*: [email protected]

Ngy gi bi: 19.03.2013 Ngy chp nhn: 20.06.2013

TM TT

V hp s ca xe nng l mt chi tit my c kt cu phc tp. Chnh v vy, trong qu trnh gia cng khng th s dng cc loi g thng thng c sn m phi thit k, ch to mt g chuyn dng. Mc ch ca nghin cu ny l thit k loi g c bit dng ring cho gia cng v hp s da trn bn v, cc yu cu k thut ca v hp s v lp quy trnh cng ngh ch to g. g c thit k c cc b phn chnh l tm , 2 tm kp, v ng kp n hi. Quy trnh ch to bao gm ch to tm , cc tm kp v ng kp n hi t phi ban u n cc nguyn cng gia cng, nhit luyn, kim tra v lp rp. Kt qu kim tra tng chi tit gia cng, kim tra tng th sau lp rp v dng th g gia cng v hp s cho thy g c thit k hp l, quy trnh ch to t yu cu k thut ra.

T kha: Ch to my, g, v hp gim tc.

Design and Manufacture Specialized Fixture for Manufacturing Process Reduction Gear Housing of Fork-lift Truck

ABSTRACT

Gear housing of fork-lift truck is a machine part of complex structure, thus, available common fixtures can not be used during manufacturing process, therefore, designing and manufacturing a specialized fixture is required. This study aimed at designing specialized fixture based on drawing of gear housing, its technical and technological requirements and designing manufacturing process. The designed fixture consists of the following main parts: one bearing plate, two bolster plates, and collet chuck. The manufacturing process includes manufacturing bearing plate, bolster plates and collet chuck, thermal treatment, checking process and assembly. Overall test results show that the fixture designed is reasonable and meets technical requirements..

Keywords: Fixture, manufacturing process, reduction gear housing.

1. T VN

Cht lng sn phm c kh, nng sut lao ng v gi thnh l nhng ch tiu kinh t, k thut quan trng trong sn xut c kh. m bo cc ch tiu trn trong qu trnh ch to cc sn phm c kh, ngoi my ct kim loi v dng c ct, chng ta cn cn cc loi g v dng c ph.

g gia cng ng mt vai tr quan trng. chnh xc ca g lin quan cht ch n chnh xc ca chi tit. Do vy, n phi c ch to kh chun, m bo khi lp vo th phi

khng b cong vnh. Ty theo hnh dng chi tit to hnh m ch to g sao cho c kch c v hnh dng hp l (Nguyn Vn Nang & cs., 2012). S dng g cho php tng nhanh qu trnh nh v chi tit trn my ct kim loi, tng nng sut lao ng v gim nh iu kin lao ng, m rng kh nng cng ngh ca cc my cho php gia cng nhng b mt phc tp trn my thng thng (Trn Vn ch, 2004). Do cht lng ca sn phm cng nh nng sut tng. c bit, v hp s ca xe nng l chi tit rt phc tp, v vy qu trnh ch to chi tit i hi phi c mt g chuyn dng c th

Phm Th Hng, Ng ng Hunh, Bi Vn Bc

381

tin hnh gia cng mt cch d dng v t c chnh xc t ra. g ny c kt cu phc tp, chnh xc yu cu cao, c tnh tt. Chnh v vy phi tnh ton, thit k g ring cho qu trnh gia cng v hp s, t tnh ton hp l cc nguyn cng trong qu trnh gia cng g cng nh kim tra cht lng sn phm c s dng cc thit b cng ngh hin i v truyn thng c sn t c cc yu cu k thut v hiu qu kinh k.

2. VT LIU V PHNG PHP

2.1. Vt liu V hp s, cc bn v thit k; g (dng

gia cng v hp s xe nng); thp dng ch to cc chi tit ca g; mt s thit b, my mc gia cng, kim tra v nhit luyn.

2.2. Phng php nghin cu Da trn c s l thuyt tnh ton v thit

k g gia cng c kh. Sau , tin hnh nghin cu thc nghim gm: thit k g chuyn dng cho qu trnh gia cng v hp da trn cc yu t u vo l bn v chi tit, cc yu cu k thut v tnh cng ngh trong kt cu ca v hp gim tc c c cc bn v thit k g. T , thit lp th t cc nguyn cng cho qu trnh ch to tng sn phm chnh ca g; tnh ton cc nguyn cng, ch ct, lng d gia cng cho tng bc nguyn cng, quy trnh kim tra cht lng chi tit sn phm da trn cc bn v thit k, quy trnh gia cng v hp s, ti liu hng dn, s tay tra cu v kinh nghim sn xut ra c quy trnh gia cng g chuyn dng. Tip theo, tin hnh gia cng th; kim tra cht lng trn cc thit b my mc truyn thng v hin i v kho nghim dng th sn phm nh gi cht lng g c ch to.

3. KT QU V THO LUN

3.1. Thit k g gia cng v hp s

3.1.1. Yu cu k thut trong qu trnh gia cng v hp s

V hp gim tc c ch to bng nhm hp kim ADC12 (theo tiu chun JIS - Nht).

Hp c ch to bng phng php c c bit, c s dng nhiu trong sn sut hng khi, lot ln. c im ca chi tit dng hp m ta cn ch to l c kch thc nh khng qu ln, cc vch vi dy mng khc nhau, trong vch c cc gn, hc, cng vi cc phn li lm. Trn hp c nhiu mt phi gia cng vi chnh xc khc nhau v c cc b mt khng phi gia cng.

Hnh 1. M hnh 3D ca v hp

g gip thc hin gia cng l trn v hp gim tc bao gm cc bc: phay th b mt l, phay tinh b mt l, to cc rnh mang c pha trong l, phay b mt tr ngoi (bn tinh), to rnh ngoi rng 1,5mm.

Khi lng gia cng chi tit v hp s ch yu tp trung vo vic gia cng l. Do cn phi to mt chun tinh thng nht cho chi tit hp (Trn Vn ch & cs, 2003). Trong trng hp ny, ta s dng mt np ca hp cng vi l lp ln (l chnh xc) lm chun gip gia cng. Chn chun l mt np A, l chnh B (Hnh 2), gip gia cng mt tr C.

S g t nh trn cho php g t chi tit qua nhiu nguyn cng trn nhiu g, trnh c sai s tch ly do thay i chun gy nn. To c chun tinh nh vy, g cng n gin i nhiu v tng t nhau nhiu nguyn cng.

3.1.2. Kt cu ca g Da trn cc yu cu k thut v tnh cng

ngh cng nh t hiu qu kinh t, g c thit k dng ring cho gia cng ct gt v hp gim tc c dng nh hnh 3.

Thit k v ch to g chuyn dng dng trong gia cng v hp gim tc xe nng

382

Hnh 2. Chun nh v trn v hp gim tc xe nng

Hnh 3. Kt cu ca g dng gia cng v hp gim tc (1 - tr cn; 2 - ng kp n hi; 3 - tm m phi; 4 - tm m tri; 5 - tm ; 6 - l lp bu lng M8x1,5x30; 7 - l lp bu lng M6x1x30)

1

2

3

5

4

6

7


383

Hnh 4. Tm m phi

Hnh 5. Tm m tri

0.010.01 A

1.6G

3.2

M6x

1

8H7

G

8H7

1.6

1.6

A

3l? 14

9

10

230

.017

.5

740.01

150

.1

600.1 600.123

0 -0.1

44 44

140

200.1

50.

1

200.1

700.1

M8x1.25 thru30

0'

300'

300

.1

600.1 600.1

70140

350.1 350.1

GM8x1.25

300

.1

3636

120

.110

9

3 l? 14

18 0 -0

.1

0.010.01 A

230

.01

1.6G

3.2A

80.

1

30 30


384

3.1.3. Bn v chi tit cc b phn chnh ca g

Bn v cc b phn chnh ca g bao

gm tm m phi (Hnh 4), tm m tri (Hnh 5) v ng kp n hi (Hnh 6).

3.1.4. Tnh ton lc ct, mmen ct v lc kp cht ca g

* Tnh ton lc ct v mmen ct

tnh ton lc ct v m men ct phi da vo quy trnh phay l v hp gim tc v lng d cn gia cng ca v hp s.

Cn c vo d liu ca iu kin gia cng thc t cng nh theo (Nguyn c Lc & cs, 2007) t ng knh l cn gia cng

0,039045 th ng knh phi c l 10,643

v

t ng knh ngoi cn gia cng 00,0352

th ng knh phi s l 1,20,854 .

Hnh 6. ng kp n hi

Hnh 7. Lng d gia cng ca l trn v hp (1 - V hp s; 2 - ng kp)

0.01 A0.01 Z B

0.01 Z

D

R0.5

15H6

R1

30

h6

10 23 31 8 11

47

570.

1

14.5

66

0.1

35

47

0 -0.0

1

1.5 (4 rnh)

0.0-0.5

21

261.6

1.6

0.01 A

A 73

1.6G

0.01 A0.01 B D0.01

G1.6Ch

15

13

M6x1.0

23

1.6

25

Z

G

G

6

C

0.02 C

1

247

43+1+0.6

54+1.2+0.8

712

45+0.039 0

51 0-0.2

52 0-0.03


385

Hnh 8. Qu trnh gia cng l v s hnh thnh lc ct 1 - Phi (v hp tc ); 2 - g (ng kp); 3 - Dao phay ngn

Khi l 45 v rnh mang c pha trong c gia cng bng cc loi dao tng ng theo

kiu chy dao Pocket trn my phay CNC. Do bc nguyn cng phay l 45 c chiu su n dao ln nht cng nh yu cu v nhm b

mt kht khe hn bc nguyn cng khc nn ta tnh lc ct v m men ct cho bc nguyn

cng ny. m rng l t 43 ra 45 ta s dng dao phay ngn c D=16; Z=4.

Lng chy dao tra c Sz = 0,050,08 (Trn Vn ch & cs., 2008). Tuy nhin, khi phay hp kim nhm gi tr Sz tng 3040% nn c Sz = 0,070,1. Chn Sz = 0,1 (mm/rng).

Vn tc ct:

V = v

v v v v

qv

vx y u pmz

C .DK

T t S B Z (m/pht)

Trong :

Chiu su ct: t = 1 (mm);

Chiu rng phay: B = 12 (mm).

Tui bn dng c: T = 60 pht (theo Trn Vn ch & cs., 2008).

H s iu chnh vn tc ct:

Kv = Kmv.Knv.Kuv

Kmv : H s iu chnh vn tc ca nhm v hp kim nhm: Kmv = 0,8 (Theo Trn Vn ch & cs., 2008)

Knv : H s iu chnh ph thuc trng thi b mt phi: Knv= 0,9 (Theo Trn Vn ch & cs., 2008)

Kuv: H s iu chnh vn tc ph thuc vt liu ca dng c ct: Kuv = 1 (Trn Vn ch & cs., 2008)

Kv = 0,8.0,9.1 = 0,72

T , cc h s s trong cng thc tnh vn tc khi phay c xc nh v trnh by nh bng 1.

V = 0,45

0,33 0,3 0,2 0,1 0,1185,5.16 0,72 129,6

60 1 0,1 12 4 (m/ph)

Vng quay trong mt pht ca dao:

n = 1000VD

n = 1000.129,6

3,14.16= 2579,6 (vng/pht)

Chn li s vng quay theo my: n = 2500 (vg/ph)

Vn tc ct thc t: VT = Dn

1000

T3,14.16.2500V 125,6

1000 (m/pht)


386

Bng 1. Cc h s trong cng thc tnh vn tc tra theo ti liu Cv qv xv yv uv pv m

185,5 0,45 0,3 0,2 0,1 0,1 0,33

Lng chy dao thc t c chn li:

Sm = Sz bng.Z.n

Sm = 0,1.4.2500 = 1000 (mm/pht)

Sz thc =m

th

SZ.n

10004.2600

= 0,1 (mm/rng)

Lc ct sinh ra trong qu trnh phay:

Pz = p p p

p

x y up z

pq wp

C t S B ZK

D n(kG)

Trong Kp l h s iu chnh lc ct: Kp = Kmp = 1

Cc h s s trong cng thc tnh lc ct c xc nh nh bng 2.

Pz = 0,86 0,72

0,86 017.1 0,1 12.4.1

16 250014,3 (kG)

Mmen ct:

Mc = zP .D

2.1000

14,3.162000

0,1144 (kG.m)

Nh vy, lc ct c ln l 14,3kG, chiu theo chiu quay ca trc chnh, im t trn cnh sc li dao v c phng tip tuyn.

* Tnh ton lc kp cht

T cc phn tch trn c c s lc tc dng trong qu trnh phay v hp gim tc c th hin trong hnh 9.

Lc ct chnh Pz to ra mmen ct Mc c xu hng lm chi tit quay quanh trc Oz (trc thng ng). Trong khi trc g bung, vi s i vo ca ng cn to ra lc p cht 4 m ca trc g vo mt tr trong 47 . Trn 4 m ny pht sinh lc ma st to ra mmen ma st

chng li mmen ct Mc sao cho MF ms Mc. Khi phi (v hp gim tc) c gi v tr c nh. Ta c phng trnh cn bng lc:

4.W.f. 472

= Pz.452

Trong :

Pz: lc ct chnh ca dao (Pz = 14,3 kG)

W: lc kp cht phi ca trc g.

f: h s ma st ca ng kp vi v hp tc (f = 0,47).

W = z45.P 45.14,34.f.47 4.0,47.47

= 7,28 (kG)

Gi Q l lc ko hng trc ko tr cn i vo.

Na gc cn ca tr cn : o13

Trong qu trnh ng kp lm vic, gia ng kp v phi khng c khe h (rt nh, c th b qua) cho nn khng pht sinh thnh phn lc W2 lm bin dng 4 mnh ca ng kp. Nn ta c:

W = 1 2

Qtg( ) tg

Trong :

1 ; 2 : gc ma st gia tr cn vi ng kp v gia ng kp vi phi;

tg 1 = f1: h s ma st gia thp vi thp f1 = 0,57 1 = arctg(0,57) = 29,6

o

tg 2 = f = 0,47: h s ma st gia ng kp vi phi (gia nhm v thp)

Q = W.[tg( 1 ) + tg 2 ] = 7,28.[tg(42,7o) +

0,47] = 10,14 (kG).

Bng 2. Cc h s trong cng thc tnh lc ct tra theo ti liu Cp xp yp up wp qp 17 0,86 0,72 1 0 0,86


387

Hnh 9. S tc dng lc trong qu trnh phay v hp gim tc 1- ng kp; 2- tr cn; 3- phi

3.2. Phn tch tnh cng ngh trong kt cu ca g

3.2.1. Tm Tm ca g c tc dng cc chi tit

khc (tm m, ng kp n hi) lp trn n. lp cc chi tit, trn tm c khoan cc l dng lp bulng vi cc kch thc khc nhau, tm c lp ln bn my bng cc bulng nn. Trong qu trnh lm vic chung ca g, tm phi m bo cng vng, chu ti tt, n nh trong qu trnh gia cng.

Cc b mt ca tm c gia cng sao cho m bo kch thc, m bo nhm b mt v cc sai lch hnh hc nh phng, song song, vung gc gia cc b mt. Do , c th gia cng trn cc my thng dng nh my phay ng, my phay nm, my mi. ng thi, cc b mt ca tm cng d dng gia cng bng cc loi dao thng thng nh dao phay mt u, dao phay tr, dao phay ngn, mi khoan, khot, doa, tar. Cc l trn b mt tm a s l cc l thng sut (tr l 30) nn c th a dao vo gip gia cng l d dng. H l trn tm c gia cng trn cng mt my phay CNC, trong cng mt ln g t phi. Cc l trn tm gm 6 l lp bulng nn, 6 l ren M8 x 1,25 v mt l 30 lp ng kp n hi. Khong cch gia cc l yu cu sai lch v kch

thc khng qu 0,1mm. i vi l 30, mt trong ca l c ch to c nhm Ra=1,6; vung gc ca mt trong vi mt y khng vt qu 0,01mm; l t tr 0,01mm. B mt dng lp rp tm m v ng kp yu cu ch to t nhm Ra=1,6. B mt m tip xc vi bn my yu cu ch to t nhm Ra=3,2.

V mt cng ngh, tm khi gia cng ch cn g kp trn t v s dng cc loi chm, phin t cng vi cc loi g thng thng.

3.2.2. Tm m Tm m ca g c tc dng l mt

chun gip gia cng v hp gim tc trn g. lp vo tm , trn tm m c khoan cc l dng lp bulng vi cc kch thc khc nhau. Trong qu trnh lm vic chung ca g tm m phi m bo cng vng, chu ti tt, n nh trong qu trnh gia cng.

Cc b mt ca tm m c gia cng sao cho m bo kch thc, m bo nhm b mt: b mt dng lp rp tm m yu cu ch to t nhm Ra = 3,2; b mt dng lm chun gia cng yu cu ch to t nhm Ra = 1,6 v cc sai lch hnh hc. Cc b mt ca tm m l cc mt phng, c th gia cng trn cc my phay ng, my phay nm, my mi. Tuy nhin, thun li trong qu trnh ch to,

Fms

Fms

Fms

Fms0

0-0.1

Mcn

D

45

n

PzPz

a

Mc PzPz

D

Z

A A

A-A

Q

CC

C-C

O WW

47

W

WW

W

1

23


388

mt vt nghing ca tm m c gia cng trn my CNC. H l trn tm m c gia cng trn cng mt my phay CNC, trong cng mt ln g t phi. Cc l trn tm m gm 3 l lp bulng dng bt vi tm , 2 l ren M8x1,25. Khong cch gia cc l yu cu sai lch v kch thc khng qu 0,1mm.

3.2.3. ng kp n hi ng kp n hi c tc dng to ra lc kp

gi cht phi v xc nh v tr tng i ca phi vi dng c ct trong qu trnh gia cng. B mt lm vic ch yu l bn m ca ng kp c tc dng t ln b mt tr trn ca phi. Trn ng kp c khoan bn l dng lp vi tm . Trc g bao gm nhng b mt trn xoay bn trong v bn ngoi, ngoi ra cn c b mt cn (tr cn trt trn sinh ra lc kp cht phi).

Cc b mt ng kp l cc mt trn xoay v mt cn. Mt cn ch to t nhm Ra = 1,6 c gc nghing 13o vi s sai lch khng vt qu 0,1o. nhm ca cc c trc t Ra = 1,6. o hng knh ca cc c trc so vi ng tm khng vt qu 0,01mm. vung gc ca cc b mt so vi y khng vt qu 0,01mm. khng ng tm ca cc c trc cng khng vt qu 0,01mm. Cc b mt cn li c tnh cng ngh ph hp, kt cu n gin, mt chun trn cc nguyn cng u tin n nh. ng kp c cc bc, ng knh ng gim dn v hai u, c th gia cng ng kp trn my vn nng. Ngoi ra, trn bn v yu cu cng cao nn cn thit phi nhit luyn t c c tnh yu cu.

3.3. Thit lp cc nguyn cng gia cng g

3.3.1. Quy trnh cng ngh gia cng tm Vi chi tit tm ta c th s dng phi

c, phi cn, phi rn. Tuy nhin, p ng yu cu k thut trong nghin cu chn phi thp cn nng c mc thp S45C (theo tiu chun JIS-Nht). Khi gia cng tm , chn chun th l hai mt bn dng kp chi tit, sau dng chun th ny gia cng hai mt bn cn li lm chun tinh dng thc hin

cc nguyn cng cn li gip gia cng hai mt u ca tm khng b vnh v nguyn cng gia cng h l c chnh xc. Th t cc nguyn cng c thit lp nh sau:

Nguyn cng 1: Phay hai mt bn ca tm . Chn my phay vn nng nm ngang 6H82. Chn dao phay mt u cn lp rng nh c ng knh ngoi 50mm, chiu cao 50mm, gc nghing rnh xon 10o, gc trc dao phay: = 10o, gc sau = 16o; s rng l 14.

Nguyn cng 2: Phay hai mt u ca tm . Chn my phay vn nng trc ng 6H12, dao phay mt u gn mnh hp kim cng T15K6.

Nguyn cng 3: Phay hai mt bn cn li ca tm . Chn my v dao nh nguyn cng 1.

Nguyn cng 4: Gia cng h l trn my phay CNC. Chn my phay CNC model XK714. Chn dao phay ngn ui tr end mill R261.34 - 12050 - AK26H. Chn mi khoan rut g 860.1-1080-037A1-PM; dao doa R100 1100; mi tat M8x1,25 E825M8.

Nguyn cng 5: Mi hai mt u ca tm . Chn my mi phng 372B.

Nguyn cng 6: Kim tra. Kim tra cc kch thc ca tm bng thc cp, panme, kim tra nhm bng my o nhm, kim tra sai lch hnh dng hnh hc bng ng h so, ng h chn qu, thc chuyn dng. Khi kim tra tm c t trn bn t.

3.3.2. Quy trnh cng ngh gia cng tm m tri v tm m phi

p ng cc yu cu k thut chn phi l thp cn nng c mc S45C, chn chun th l hai mt bn dng kp chi tit, chun tinh l cc mt bn c gia cng gia cng h l c chnh xc. Tin trnh cng ngh c thit lp nh sau:

Nguyn cng 1, 2: Phay hai mt u ca tm m. Chn my phay vn nng trc ng 6H12, dao phay mt u cn lp rng nh.

Nguyn cng 3: Phay hai mt bn ca tm m. Chn my phay vn nng nm ngang 6H82. Chn dao nh nguyn cng 1 v nguyn cng 2.


389

Nguyn cng 4: Gia cng mt vt trn my CNC. Nguyn cng 5: Gia cng h l trn my

phay CNC. Nguyn cng 6: Kim tra. Bao gm kim tra

cc kch thc di ca tm kp bng thc cp nhng kch thc khng yu cu dung sai hoc dung sai ln v dng panme kim tra cc kch thc yu cu dung sai nh ( 0,1mm); kim tra ng knh cc l, nu l khng yu cu chnh xc cao th dng panme o l 3 chu kim tra, nu l h l (H) dng calip trc kim tra; kim tra nhm bng my o nhm; kim tra song song gia b mt A ca tm m vi mt i din bng ng h so. t chi tit v ng h trn g vn nng, g ny c t trn bn mass. iu chnh cho u kim ng h tip xc vi mt cn kim tra. iu chnh mt s ln cho kim tr v vch 0, di chuyn ng h so sao cho u kim ng h lun tip xc vi b mt cn kim tra. Va di chuyn ng h, va quan st s x dch ca kim ng h. Kim ng h di chuyn bao nhiu vch tc l thanh o dch chuyn by nhiu phn trm, t tnh ra sai s hnh dng b mt chi tit.

3.3.3. Quy trnh cng ngh gia cng ng kp Chi tit ch to t thp SCM440 (theo tiu

chun JIS - Nht). Khi gia cng chn chun th l mt tr 68, cn chun tinh l mt tr 66 do chi tit gia cng l chi tit dng trc, yu cu v ng tm gia cc trc l rt quan trng. Tin trnh cng ngh c thit lp nh sau:

Nguyn cng 1: Kha mt u, khoan l chng tm, tin th tinh mt tr ngoi na trc, vt mp 1 x 45o.

Nguyn cng 2: Kha mt u, khoan l chng tm, tin th tinh mt tr ngoi na trc cn li, tin rnh ngoi rng 8 mm su 6 mm, vt mp 1 x 45o, khoan l 13.

Nguyn cng 3: Tin th tinh mt tr trong, tin mt cn trong, to l ren M6x1.

Nguyn cng 4: Khoan doa 4 l 6. Nguyn cng 5: Nhit luyn. Tin hnh ti,

ram chi tit sau khi gia cng xong. Nguyn cng 6: Mi th tinh cc b mt tr ngoi

Nguyn cng 7: Mi th tinh l cn. Nguyn cng 8: Kim tra. Bao gm kim tra

cc kch thc di ca tm kp bng thc cp nhng kch thc khng yu cu dung sai hoc dung sai ln v dng panme kim tra cc kch thc yu cu dung sai nh (0,1mm); kim tra ng knh cc l, nu l khng yu cu chnh xc cao th dng panme o l 3 chu kim tra, nu l h l (H) dng calip trc kim tra; kim tra nhm bng my o nhm; kim tra song song gia b mt A ca tm m vi mt i din bng ng h so. t chi tit v ng h trn g vn nng, g ny c t trn bn mass. iu chnh cho u kim ng h tip xc vi mt cn kim tra. iu chnh mt s ln cho kim tr v vch 0, di chuyn ng h so sao cho u kim ng h lun tip xc vi b mt cn kim tra. Va di chuyn ng h, va quan st s x dch ca kim ng h. Kim ng h di chuyn bao nhiu vch tc l thanh o dch chuyn by nhiu phn trm, t tnh ra sai s hnh dng b mt chi tit.

Nguyn cng 9: To bn rnh rng 1,mm v l 6 trn my ct dy.

3.4. Lp rp, kim tra tng th v dng th sn phm

g sau khi c ch to xong c lp rp, kim tra tng th (Hnh 10) v dng th cho qu trnh gia cng v hp gim tc ca xe nng (Hnh 11).

Hnh 10. g c lp rp v kim tra tng th


390

Hnh 11. G t phi v gia cng th v hp gim tc

Kt qu khi dng th sn phm cho thy g c thit k hp l, thun tin cho qu trnh gia cng v hp s v m bo c cng vng trong qu trnh gia cng v chnh xc gia cng. ng thi, quy trnh ch to g t cc yu cu k thut v chnh xc kch thc, hnh dng hnh hc chi tit, cng, nhm b mt. Sn phm ch to xong t yu cu.

4. KT LUN

g chuyn dng c thit k v ch to dng trong gia cng v hp s ca xe nng gm c cc b phn chnh tm , 2 tm kp, ng kp n hi v cc bulng. Quy trnh cng ngh ch

to g gm cc quy trnh gia cng tm , 2 tm kp, ng kp n hi; kim tra cc chi tit sau khi gia cng; lp rp; kim tra tng th v dng th sn phm. Trong tng quy trnh gia cng, cc nguyn cng, bc nguyn cng c tnh ton c th t khu chn phi, g t phi, tnh ton ch ct, lng d gia cng mt cch hp l v c cn c khoa hc. Chnh v vy, sn phm c ch to ra p ng c cc yu cu v kt cu cng ngh, k thut cng nh t hiu qu kinh t nht nh.

TI LIU THAM KHO Trn Vn ch (2004). g, NXB Khoa hc v k

thut, H Ni. Trn Vn ch, Nguyn Trng Bnh, Nguyn Th t,

Nguyn Vit Tip, Trn Xun Vit (2003). Cng ngh ch to my, NXB Khoa hc v k thut, H Ni.

Trn Vn ch, Lu Vn Nhang, Nguyn Thanh Mai (2008). S tay k s cng ngh ch to my, Nh xut bn Khoa hc v k thut, H Ni.

Nguyn c Lc, L Vn Tin, Ninh c Tn, Trn Xun Vit (2007. S tay cng ngh ch to my - Tp 1, Nh xut bn Khoa hc v k thut, H Ni.

Nguyn Vn Nang, Nguyn Thanh Nam, Nguyn Thin Bnh, Nguyn Th Hng, L Khnh in (2012). Nghin cu xy dng quy trnh to hnh ISF trn tm nha PVC. Tp ch c kh Vit Nam, (1+2): 74-80.

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