update on csiro’s pcc program · 10/21/2018 · national research collections of australia 3 |...
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Update on CSIRO’s PCC program
ITCN Meeting – Melbourne – 21 October 2018
ENERGY
Team CSIRO (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation)
5486talented staff
$1billion+ budget
Workingwith over
2800+industry partners
55sites across
Australia
Top 1%of global research agencies
Each year
6 CSIRO technologies
contribute$5 billion to
the economy
ITCN meeting Melbourne 21 October 2018 | Paul Feron2 |
Our business units and focus areas
Agriculture and Food
Energy
Health and Biosecurity
Land and Water
Manufacturing
Mineral Resources
Oceans and Atmosphere
Astronomy andSpace Science
Australian Animal Health Laboratory
Data61
Marine National Facility
National Computing Infrastructure
National Research Collections of Australia
ITCN meeting Melbourne 21 October 2018 | Paul Feron3 |
CSIRO Energy capability and facilitiesQueensland: QCATCapability:• Low Emissions Technologies• Coal MiningFacilities:• High efficiency coal , biomass and waste conversion • Hydrogen energy systems• Longwall Automation, remote visualisation and control
New South Wales: NewcastleCapability:• Grids and Energy Efficiency Systems• Low Emissions TechnologiesFacilities:• Solar thermal fields• PCC process development facility• PV performance laboratory• HVAC test facility• Renewable Energy & Stored Energy Integration Facilities• DICE fuel and engine test facilities
New South Wales: North RydeCapability:• Low Emissions Technology• Onshore Gas
Facilities:• Gas reservoir permeability • ‘Smog Chamber’ emissions measurement, modelling and management
Western Australia: KensingtonCapability:• Oil, Gas & Fuels• Onshore GasFacilities:• National Geosequestration
Laboratory• Rock Mechanics Laboratory
Victoria: ClaytonCapability:• Low Emissions Technology• Oil, Gas & Fuels• Onshore GasFacilities:• Centre for Hybrid Energy Systems• Hydrogen Energy Systems • Energy Resource Processing• Unconventional Gas Reservoir Characterisation and Engineering
ITCN meeting Melbourne 21 October 2018 | Paul Feron4 |
➢ High capital cost▪ Geographical▪ Flue gas pretreatment ▪ Ageing power plants
➢ High operational cost▪ Energy requirement▪ Labour cost
➢ Environmental▪ Additional emissions▪ Impact coal mines
ITCN meeting Melbourne 21 October 2018 | Paul Feron
Challenges for PCC in Australia
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CSIRO’s PCC program
PCC
Pilot plants Research & Development
Delta Electricity
AGL Loy Yang Power (2)
China Huaneng(Beijing)
Stanwell
Amines Novel processes &equipment
Adsorbents
Environmental impacts
Learning by doing Learning by searching
Membranes
ITCN meeting Melbourne 21 October 2018 | Paul Feron
China Huaneng(Changchun)
6 |
PCC@CSIRO – pilot plants
ITCN meeting Melbourne 21 October 2018 | Paul Feron7 |
A decade of piloting PCC technologies
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Desk-top studies
Establishment of capability and infrastructure
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
SolidSorbents
Tarong
DeltaElectricityMunmorah
Loy Yang
2015 2016 2017 2018
-Preparing for deployment- Next-generation PCC
CCS demo’s
DeltaElectricityVales Point
SolarThermal
AGLLoy Yang
2019 2020
CINSWVales Point
Summary PCC pilot plant facilities
ITCN meeting Melbourne 21 October 2018 | Paul Feron9 |
AGL Loy YangVictoria
Delta ElectricityNew South Wales
CSIRONew South Wales
StanwellQueensland
Huaneng Changchun thermal power plant
Huaneng Gaobeidian power plant
PICA Loy YangVictoria
PICA ProjectProject aims: ➢ 40% lower cost of CO
2 capture compared to the MEA
base case❑ Advanced packing materials, liquid absorbent and process
➢ to provide information on long-term performance and reliability of advanced liquid absorbents and equipment that have been developed in-house by both IHI Corporation and CSIRO independently in preparation of demonstration phase
➢ Supporting large-scale CCS as an affordable, secure and environmentally benign option for power generation
➢ Duration: 2014-2018
ITCN meeting Melbourne 21 October 2018 | Paul Feron10 |
PCCIHICSIROAGL
http://www.csiro.au/en/News/News-releases/2016/PICA-powers-up-to-improve-CO2-capture
Performances in pilot plant
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➢ 5000 hour trial with CAL008 at AGL Loy Yang completed
➢ Amine formulation not affected by NOx➢ Achievable reboiler duty: < 2.5 GJ/t CO
2 with
optimised process design➢ Amine consumption: < 0.3 kg/t CO
2 (Degradation
process reversible!)➢ Significant improvement over classical MEA
process➢ (Session 4A – Tuesday)
11 |
PICA+ ProjectProject aims:
➢ Emissions assessment of IHI liquid absorbent
➢ Emissions assessment of CSIRO liquid absorbent
➢ Atmospheric degradation assessment• Smog chamber experiments
• Dispersion modelling using chemical mechanisms developed
➢ Project will concurrently to the PICA project
➢ Duration: 2016-2019
ITCN meeting Melbourne 21 October 2018 | Paul Feron12 |
PCCIHICSIROAGL
http://www.minister.industry.gov.au/ministers/canavan/media-releases/237-million-carbon-capture-and-storage
Coal Innovation NSW pilot plant projects
➢ CSIRO projects:• Advanced aqueous ammonia processes
• Rotating liquid sheet contactor validation
• Aerosol formation in PCC processes
➢ All projects will be carried out at Vales Point
➢ Project duration: 2016-2018
➢ Two other (membrane technology) projects will be facilitated on site
ITCN meeting Melbourne 21 October 2018 | Paul Feron13 |
PCC@CSIRO – “Towards Zero”
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Post-combustion CO2 capture: “Towards zero”
➢ CO2-neutral fossil fuel power plant (Session 5D – Tuesday)
• Increase capture rates by optimised process design
➢Water production through CO2-capture
• Use of forward osmosis instead of heat exchanger
➢ Negligible amine consumption (Session 4A – Tuesday)• Building on successful 5000 hour trial in PICA project
➢ No additional energy requirement for CO2-capture (Poster 74 –
Wednesday)• Energy harvesting from CO
2-capture
ITCN meeting Melbourne 21 October 2018 | Paul Feron15 |
Absorber
FO unit
Desorber
CO2
Heat
H2O/CO2
Flue gas in
Flue gas out
Seawater cooling
Condenser
H2O
H2O recovery
Cooling
Heat exchanger
Integrated CO2-capture and desalination
➢ Water recovery from desorber
➢ Water recovery from absorber via vacuum flash
➢ Significant amounts of freshwater can be produced (FGD, cooling tower make-up)
➢ No increase in energy requirement for CO
2 capture
ITCN meeting Melbourne 21 October 2018 | Paul Feron16 |
Energy Science and Engineering 2017; 5(5): 244–256
Water can be used within power plant
17 | ITCN meeting Melbourne 21 October 2018 | Paul Feron
The CO2 regenerative amine battery (CRAB)
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Amines undergo acid base reactions and form complexes with many metals.
What energy performance is achievable?
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MetalEnergy generated
MWh/tonne CO2
Cu 0.116
Zn 0.085
Mn 0.023
Cd 0.064
Cr 0.008
Pb 0.014
Fe 0.056
Co 0.034
Ni 0.053
Ag 0.127
Estimated performance based on complexation with ammonia
A significant amount of energy can potentially be recovered!
Best experimental performanceSystem Maximum power density Energy output Energy output
(theory)
Cu-NH3
32 W/m2
(Cu-foam electrode)6.5 kJ/mol CO
20.041 MWh/ton CO
2
18.4 kJ/mol CO2
0.116 MWh/ton CO2
Zn-NH3
9 W/m2
(plate electrode)2.2 kJ/mol CO
20.014 MWh/ton CO
2
13.5 kJ/mol CO2
0.085 MWh/ton CO2
ITCN meeting Melbourne 21 October 2018 | Paul Feron20 |
NH3-concentration: 1-6 M NH
3Supporting electrolytes: KNO
3, KCl, K
2SO
4, NH
4NO
3