university of missouri detection and surveillance sheila grant department of biological engineering...
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University of Missouri
DETECTION AND SURVEILLANCE
Sheila Grant
Department of Biological Engineering
UMC
University of Missouri
Goal
• Goal is to ensure that early and accurate detection is available for important pathogens and zoonotic pathogens in various environments and deployment mechanisms
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Methods of Introduction
• Aerosol release• Food supply• Water supply• Direct infection• Direct exposure from
infected people/animals
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How to Protect?
Biological sensors
Field RT-PCR
Syndromic surveillance
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Introduction of FAD
Sensors: “Detect”
Syndromic: “Increase vigilance” Field PCR: “Increased surveillance”
Detect? Detect?Provisional containment
measures implemented
yes yes
Laboratory confirmation
no no
Continue surveillance Implement response measures
Integration of Surveillance Mechanisms
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Sensor Development
1. Biological detection elements and transducer system
2. Microfabrication3. (Aerosol collection)4. Signal processing, transmission, and
networking5. Modeling
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Biological detection element and transducer systems
Biological Detectors
• antibodies
• peptides
• receptors
=
bioterrorist agents
Biosensor systemTransducers
•optical
•acoustic wave
•electrochemical
+
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FRET Immunosensor
Protein A
Do
1
2
• measures the conformational changes that occurs when antibodies bind to select agents
• technique can eliminate false positives since only viable agents can elicit a conformational change.
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Sensing PeptidesMechanical:
Shear Horizontal-SAW (SH-SAW) biosensors will detect enzymes in an aqueous solution. This device will detect a change in wave propagation speed as the targeted enzyme in solution cleaves a specific peptide-construct, vastly increasing specificity.
Optical:Additionally, labeled peptide-constructscan be immobilized to gold nanoparticles, which effectively quenchesfluorescence. Upon interactions with target enzymes, the peptide is cleaved and fluorescence is enhanced.
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Upon SNARE cleavage, Au particles are releasedUpconversion is possible to detect
Microsphere doped with Erbium at the surface
980 nm laser
SNARE
Au nanoparticle
Au nanoparticles spoil Q-factorUpconversion is inhibited
Ring resonator toxin sensor using fluorescence method
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Microfabrication and NanotechnologyPeristaltic Micro-pumpsNanoporous waveguide materials
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Inline Detection using liquid core wave-guide (LCW)
Analyte solution being pumped in
Detector
Excitation source
Meandering Type Micro-mixer
Anodic Bonding between the two substrates
Waste Chamber
Micro channel with a Liquid core wave-guide
Output Reservoir
Input Reservoir
Light guide
Light guide
Excitation Window
WaterPDMS
Nanoporous Silica
Cross Detection using solid core wave-guide
Signal detection on a chip
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Integrated Fluorescence Assay on a Chip
LAS ER
D etec tor-c overedw all
M eas urem entF low c ell
Referenc eD iode
Ac c eptorD iode
D onorD iode
D
F 1 F 2
Short light pulses are generated by the laser and directed onto the sensor fluorophore inside the flowcell.
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Future directions
• Real time detection
• Centralized data based system
• Modeling
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Acknowledgements• Xudong (Sherman) Fan• Frank Feng• Shubhra Gangopadhyay• Kevin Gillis• Mark Haidekker• Susan Lever• Darcy Lichlyter
Graduate Students• Shantanu Bhattacharya• Rosalynn Manor• Mary Pierce (now employed by MRI)• Lisa Boettcher