university of engineering and technology, lahore
DESCRIPTION
PAKISTAN’ s SPACE PROGRAM – OPPORTUNITIES FOR R&D D r . M. Riaz suddle (SI) member (space technology wing), suparco. University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore. 19th December, 2009. Outline. Introduction Pakistan’s Space Program Current Space Projects - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
PAKISTAN’s SPACE PROGRAM
– OPPORTUNITIES FOR R&D
Dr. M. RIAZ SUDDLE (SI)MEMBER (SPACE TECHNOLOGY WING),
SUPARCO
University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore.19th December, 19th December, 20092009
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Outline
Introduction Pakistan’s Space Program Current Space Projects Satellite related R&D infrastructure Human Resource Development Trends in Satellite Communications Possible Research Directions Concluding Remarks
INTRODUCTION
Background
Pakistan Space and Upper Atmosphere
Research Commission (SUPARCO),
the National Space Agency is mandated
to conduct R&D in space science, Space
Technology, and their peaceful applications in Pakistan.
It works towards developing indigenous capabilities in
space technology and promoting space applications for
socio-economic uplift of the country.
Organizational Structure
Chairman Member (Space Technology) Member (Space Electronics) Member (Space Application
Research) Member (Range and
Instrumentation) Member (Finance) Secretary
Karachi Headquarters Space Applications & Research
Center Remote Sensing Applications
Directorate Space & Atmospheric Research
Directorate Space Science Section Karachi Ionospheric Station Geomagnetic Observatory Astronomy National Center for Remote Sensing
and Geoinformatics (NCRG) Satellite Research & Development
Center for Remote Sensing Satellite
Multan Space & Atmospheric Research
Station
Lahore Satellite Research & Development
Center for Communication Satellite
Telemetry, Tracking and Command (TT&C) station
Space Application & Research Cell
Location of Facilities
Islamabad Satellite Ground Station Ionospheric Research
Station Geomagnetic
Observatory
Peshawar Space Application &
Research Center
1961: Established as a Committee 1962: Launched Rehbar-I and Rehbar-II (two-stage rockets) 1981: Acquired the status of a Commission 1989: Established SPOT/NOAA/Landsat Satellites Receiving
Station near Islamabad 1990: Launched its 1st experimental satellite BADR-1 1994: Established VHF/UHF/S-Band satellite TT&C station
in
Lahore 2001: Launched its 2nd experimental satellite BADR-B 2002: Leased HGS-3 satellite and relocated it as Paksat-1 2008: Initiated implementation of Paksat-1R satellite
Major Milestones Achieved
Badr-1
Project Objectives To acquire know-how for indigenous development
of satellites and to create infrastructure for future
satellite development activities To test the performance of indigenously developed
satellite hardware in the space Environment To demonstrate Store-and-Forward type message communications To educate the country's academic and scientific community in the tracking and use of
low-earth-orbiting satellites Broad Design Parameters
Size: ~482 mm (sphere) Mass: ~50 Kg Life time: 06 months (approx) Payload: Store and Forward Experiment (SAFE)
Launched on 16 July 1990 from a Chinese launcher (LM-2E)
Badr-B
Project Objectives• Development of low cost satellites and creating necessary
infrastructure for future satellite development activities• Development of know-how and capability in the field of satellite
attitude control and stabilization• Acquire know-how and technology for earth imaging using
CCD sensors Broad Design Parameters
• Size: 510mm x 510mm x 465mm (approx)• Mass: ~70kg• Lifetime: 2 years (approx)• Payloads: CCD cameras, Compact Dosimeter, End of Charge Detector,
Store &• Forward Experiment (SAFE)• Launched on 10 Dec 2001 from a Russian launcher (Zenit)
Launched on 10 Dec 2001 from a Russian launcher (Zenit)
PAKISTAN’s SPACE PROGRAM
Elements of Pakistan’s Space Program
Satellite Development Program Remote Sensing & GIS Applications Space Science Core Technologies Development International Cooperation Infrastructure Development
Satellite Development Program
GEO Satellites – Paksat Series• Paksat-1 (Extension)• Paksat-1R• Paksat-MM1• Paksat-MM2• Paksat-2
Satellite Development Program
LEO Satellites• PRSS-O1• PRSS-S1• PRSS-O2• PRSS-S2• PRSS-O3• PRSS-S3
CURRENT SPACE PROJECTS
Current Space Projects
Paksat-1 Pakistan Communication Satellite
System (Paksat-1R) Remote Sensing Satellite System
(RSSS) Assembly Integration and Test Centre
(AITC)
Paksat-1
Leased from Hughes (USA) in Dec 2002 Has 34 transponders (24 Standard C, 6 Extended C
and 4 Ku) Current usage about 22.93 TPE (36MHz) Communication Signal Monitoring
and Technical Support from SRDC Lhr Customers in Pakistan and across Middle
East, Africa, East South Asia and Europe
Paksat-1R Satellite Platform:
CAST DFH-4 3-axis stabilized ≈ 7 KW Power 15 years service life
Payload: 12 C-band Transponders 18 Ku-band Transponders
Coverage/ Footprints: C-Band: C-Band: Pakistan, Afghanistan, India, Iran, parts of Middle
East, eastern coastal countries of African continent and parts of Europe
Ku-Band: Ku-Band: Pakistan, Afghanistan, India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bangladesh, UAE, Oman, Parts of Iran and Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Parts of China
RSSS
Approved in principle by the GoP Feasibility and System Definition Study
conducted in 2007, recommending launch of one Optical and one Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Satellite
Launch of Optical Satellite in the 1st step, having ~2m PAN and ~4m MS resolution and 5-7 yrs life
Implementation will start after the funds are made available
Assembly Integration and Test Centre (AITC) To facilitate indigenous assembly, integration
and testing of various types of satellites of our national needs, including:• Telecommunication • Optical Imaging• Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR)• Weather• Navigation• Early Warning
Currently in planning phase
SATELLITE RELATED R&D INFRASTRUCTURE
Power System Lab On-Board Computer Lab Diplexer and Multiplexer Lab Amplifiers and Filters Lab Communication System Integration Lab Telemetry and Telecommand Lab Electronics Lab Digital Signal Processing Lab Attitude Orbit & Control System Lab Onboard Data Handling Lab Digital System Lab RF System Lab Imaging Payload Lab Spectrum Engineering Lab
Design and Development Labs
Channel Coding Lab Source Coding Lab Embedded Systems Lab Spacecraft Power Systems Lab Mechanisms & MEMS Lab AOC Sensors Lab AOC Actuators Lab Satellite Structures Lab Thermal Control Lab Attitude & Orbit Control System Lab TCR Link Security Lab Spacecraft Propulsion & Pyro Techniques Lab
Design and Development Labs (cont’d)
Satellite Systems Engineering Lab Satellite Communications Lab Concurrent Engineering Lab Mission Planning and Design Lab ASIC & FPGA Lab TCR Lab Solar Array Lab BCR & BDR Lab PC&D Lab System Integration Lab Transponder Lab Antenna Lab
Design and Development Labs (cont’d)
R&D Facilities25
Satellite Assembly Integration and Test
(SAINT) Facility
Environmental Validation Testing (EVT) Facility
Compact Antenna Test Range (CATR) Facility
SAINT Support Workshop (SSW)
Remote Sensing Data Transmission (RSDT)
Facility
Satellite Bus Development (SBD) Facility
Satellite Dynamic System Test (SDST) Facility
Attitude and Orbital Control System (AOCS)
Center
Indigenous Capability Development (cont’d) Industry approach:
• Prototype/Engineering Model (EM)
• Engineering Qualification Model (EQM)
• Qualification Model (QM)
• Flight Model (FM)/ Proto-Flight Model (PFM)
Indigenous Capability Development (cont’d) Prototype Paksat-1R
• The project was aimed to enhance the know-how of young
scientists and engineers about communication satellite
engineering. Commercial components were used to keep the
cost low since the satellite will only be a functional lab model
• Prototype Paksat-1R is a communication satellite, which has
three C-band Transponders as the communication payload
• All the subsystems have been designed and developed
indigenously
• Integration and testing have also been performed
• The project was completed in three years time
Indigenous Capability Development (cont’d)
Prototype Paksat-1R bus comprised the following subsystem:
• Computer (based on Intel 80188EB microprocessor)
• Power subsystem
• Telemetry subsystem
• Telecommand subsystem
• Attitude and Orbit Determination and Control subsystem
• S-band RF communication subsystem
• Thermal Control subsystem
• Satellite Structure
• Mechanisms for:
o Antenna Deployment
o Solar Array Deployment
Indigenous Capability Development
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Prototype Paksat-1R
Indigenous Capability Development
EQM Paksat-1R:• Already developed sub-systems/units:
o On-Board Computer (OBC)o Telemetry Subsystem (TM)o Telecommand Subsystem (TC)o C-band Transpondero S-band Communication Subsystem
Indigenous Capability Development
Customer furnished Instruments (CFIs)
• To design, develop / manufacture and integrate into Paksat-1R satellite the following 04 electronic equipment, as an experimental / auxiliary payload for validating their designs and technology:o Telemetry (TM) o Tele-command (TC)o On-Board Data Handling (OBDH)o Power Conditioning & Distribution (PCD)o Mass: ≈ 50 Kgo Volume: ≈ 36”(L) X 30” (W) X 15”(H)o Power Dissipation ≈ 300 Watt
HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
Human Resource Development (HRD)
To meet the huge requirements of the NSDP an ambitious and rigorous HRD programme is being undertaken
Main elements of the HRD program:
• MS/PhD (local & abroad)
• Short Trainings (local & abroad)
• Conferences, Seminar & Workshops
• On the Job Trainings (local & abroad)
• Hands on Trainings (in-house)
• Comprehensive KHTT embedded in Paksat-1R program Several hundred already trained and a very large number
currently undergoing training
TRENDS IN SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS
Composition of a Typical Satellite
Platform:• Structure Subsystem (SS)• Thermal Subsystem (TS)• Unified Propulsion Subsystem (UPS)• Attitude Orbit Control Subsystem
(AOCS)• On-Board Data Handling (OBDH)
Subsystem • Telemetry Command & Ranging
(TC&R) Subsystem• Electrical Power Subsystem (EPS)
Composition of a Typical Satellite
Payload (either of the following):• Transponder• Optical Telescope/Camera• Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR)• Infrared Telescope• Radiometer• Atomic Clock
Some Example Satellites
SPOT-5 (imaging) Skynet 5 (mil satcom)
Some Example Satellites (Cont’d)
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GPS (navigation) Meteosat (weather)
Trends in Satellite Communications
Communication Satellite Technology
• Modular and expandable subsystems/units/modules
• On-board Digital Multiplexing - Skyplex
• Flexible Payloads
• Milsatcom Payloads Satellite Communication Applications
• Digital Video Broadcast to Handheld via Hybrid Satellite/Terrestrial Network
• IP on the move for Aircraft, Trains and Boats
• From 3G Mobile TV to Unlimited Mobile TV Satellite Communication Terminals
• Mobile Satellite Terminals
• Mobile Digital Satellite News Gathering Systems (M-DSNG)
On-board Digital Multiplexing - Skyplex
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Skyplex is a payload designed for onboard digital multiplexing.
The multiplexing facility provides much more flexibility and lower operating costs, because broadcasters can uplink services directly.
Skyplex can receive video, audio and data uplink signals from several different geographic locations, and multiplex them into a single DVB downlink signal.
Skyplex Technology-based Communication System
On-board Digital Multiplexing - Skyplex
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SkyplexNet architecture – examples of two-way services
Flexible Payloads
Requirements: Match bandwidth and power resource to time varying
traffic demands Trend towards systems with larger numbers of narrow
beams Requirement to support high level of frequency reuse
within frequency planning constraints Transparent digital processing offers a powerful
solution which provides the following aspects of flexibilityo Flexible channel to beam routingo Flexible frequency mappingo Flexibility in channel gaino Flexibility in channel beam propertieso Flexible air interface – including carrier width
Transparent digital processing offers flexibility at a significantly finer granularity than analogue solutions
Milsatcom Payloads43
Access to greater bandwidth – Ka band & frequency reuseFlexibility – Coverage, Power and BandwidthCommunication to handheld terminals via Higher power payloadsLeveraging Future Military Capability from Commercial Developments
Digital Video Broadcast to Handheld via Hybrid Satellite/Terrestrial Network44
content adaptation &aggregates TV programs into service bundles
hub that maps the service bundles tothe satellite carrier resources
Geo-stationary satellites that amplify and convert the DVB-H based signals to the terminals in the targeted IMT2000 frequency band
Terrestrial repeaters that broadcast theDVB-H based signal to the terminals inthe targeted IMT2000 frequency band;
Contains featuresneeded to receive & combine DVB-H based signals
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Satellite technology is used to backhaul a wireless (WiFi or GSM) local loop; it allows the end user to connect his own device (laptop, PDA or mobile phone) to the Internet while traveling the world.
Giving IP connectivity to trains, aircraft and vessels also creates a way for transport operators either to create a new revenue stream, or to use this facility for their own needs.
Such systems are typically based on a classical star topology as deployed for fixed broadband services, the space segment being used as transparent repeaters.
IP on the move for Aircraft, Trains and Boats
Mobile Satellite Terminal46
Mobile Digital Satellite News Gathering Systems (M-DSNG)
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This system offers a true on-the-move communication for shoot and move applications, e.g. Disaster Military operations
M-DSNG enables Crew to transmit and receive programming
while the vehicle is in motion Increase productivity Access to cooperate LAN
Access film libraries VIOP, data
Shoot, edit, transmit story while on the move
POSSIBLE RESEARCH DIRECTIONs
Technologies and Engineering Disciplines
Aerospace Engineering Mechanical Engineering Electrical/Electronics Engineering Communication System Engineering Chemical Engineering Systems Engineering Software Engineering Metallergical Engineering
Relevant Specialist Fields & Technologies
Rechargeable Batteries Solar Cells and Solar Power Generation Microwave Systems Imaging and Inertial Sensors
and Systems Embedded Systems Fault Telerant Computer Systems Space Radiation Space Structures and Mechanisms Space Systems Engineering Thermal Control Antenna Systems
Composite Materials Space Materials Propellants Polymers Racket Propulsion Remote Sensing and
GIS Technologies Control Systems Nanotechnology DSP
CONCLUDING REMARKS
Concluding Remarks
Since its modest start in early 60s, Pakistan/ SUPARCO’s Space/Satellite Program has been progressing in line with the resources made available
However, there has been a surge in the development of Space Science & Technology in Pakistan since early 2001
Pakistan/SUPARCO has lately embarked on a highly ambitious and challenging Space/Satellite Program
SUPARCO has been rapidly developing R&D facilities and infrastructure required for the implementation of our Space/Satellite Program
Concluding Remarks (Cont’d)
SUPARCO offers excellent R&D opportunities in the highly specialized field of Space Technology
SUPARCO requires a large number of talented and highly enthusiastic young engineers to work on its Space/Satellite Program
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Thank You!Thank You!
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Q&AQ&A