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WELCOMEATIEL TRAINING SESSION

UNITI, Berlin5th December 2013

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AGENDA10.00am - Welcome, safety and introduction

10.15 to 11.15 – Introduction to the European Engine Lubricants Quality Management System (EELQMS)

11.15 to 11.30 – Coffee Break

11.30 to 12.30 – Introduction to the ATIEL Code of Practice12.30 to 13.15pm - Lunch

13.15 to 14.30 – Code of Practice working examples session 114.30 to 14.45 – Coffee Break

14.45 to 15.45 – Code of Practice working examples session 2

15.45 to 16.00 – Questions and conclusions

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Speaker introduction

• Adri van de Ven• Kuwait Petroleum – Product Development Manager• Member of ATIEL Base Oil Interchange Committee• 29-year career in the oil industry

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Anti-trust reminder

• There will be no agreements, discussions, exchange of information or understandings concerning commercially sensitive issues such as profits, margins, and cost data.

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Purpose of the session• To develop better understanding of the role and application of

the European Engine Lubricants Quality Management System (EELQMS)

• To develop greater understanding of the role of the ATIEL Code of Practice and its part within EELQMS.

• To clarify what you need to do in order to ensure that you are making valid ACEA performance claims for your lubricants.

• To demonstrate practical examples of the application of lubricant development guidelines within the ATIEL Code of Practice.

• To show the commitment of ATIEL to develop and strengthen EELQMS along with the Code of Practice, and to promote their widescale adoption across the industry.

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Introduction:

• Recognise this?

• Why is it important?

• How do you know that your products meet the ACEA requirements?

• As a lubricant marketer you are responsible for all aspects of product liability!

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Relevance to German market • Germany is the largest vehicle

producer in Europe and one of the top 4 globally.

• Nearly 6 million vehicles - around 30% of EU production.

• Hosts the largest concentration of OEM plants in Europe.

• Around 75% of cars produced in Germany are destined for export markets.

• Virtually the same volume produced by German brands overseas.

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Importance of quality standards• OEMs need to know that appropriate

quality engine lubricants will be available in all their markets.

• Trade/workshops need assurance that inadequate lubricant performance will not lead to warranty claims.

• Consumers need confidence in quality of the products being used in their vehicles.

• The EELQMS and the ATIEL Code of Practice, are there to help…

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Introduction to the European EngineLubricants Quality Management System (EELQMS)

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Origins of EELQMS (1996)

• Proactive industry response to improve quality management in support of ACEA Oil Sequences.

• Brought together key stakeholders – ACEA (automotive OEMs), ATIEL (lubricantmarketers), ATC (additive developers) & CEC (test method standards).

• Led to development of ATIEL and ATC Codes of Practice as key elements of EELQMS in 1996.

• Led to reorganisation of CEC to ensure engine and bench test methods met technical requirements in support of EELQMS.

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Structure of EELQMS• Developed through

collaboration of the key stakeholders – ACEA, ATC and ATIEL.

• Four pillars reflect distinctly different technical disciplines.

• EELQMS is currently described in Section 3 of the ATIEL Code of Practice Issue 19.

ATIEL(Lubricant

Formulation)

ATC(Additive Packages)

TEST METHODS (CEC/ASTM

)

EELQMS

ACEA (Oil

Sequences)

QUALITY ENGINE LUBRICANTS

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EELQMS STAKEHOLDERS - ACEA

• ACEA (European Automobile Manufacturers Association) was founded in 1991 andrepresents the interests of 15 major European car, truck and bus manufacturers.

• Sets performance specifications for engine lubricants through its European Oil Sequences.

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ACEA members

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• Technical Committee of Petroleum Additive Manufacturers in Europe, representing fuel and lubricant additive manufacturers.

• Members develop the additives that give Engine lubricants some of their key Performance characteristics.

• Owns the process (described in ATC Code of Practice) for operation of engine testing And reporting of test data to support ACEA performance claims.

EELQMS STAKEHOLDERS - ATC

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ATC members

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EELQMS STAKEHOLDERS - ATIEL

• The technical association of the European lubricants industry, representing European lubricant manufacturing and marketing companies;

• Membership open to companies actively engaged in the marketing and/or manufacture of lubricants in the EU.

• Promotes dialogue between its members and associated industries on technical issues, regulations, specifications and Codes of Practice.

• Through its Code of Practice provides guidelines for development of lubricants that meet ACEA performance requirements.

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ATIEL members

• 20 member companies - European and global representation

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EELQMS STAKEHOLDERS - CEC & ASTM• CEC is an industry organisation which develops and

maintains test methods for performance testing of automotive engine oil, fuels & transmission fluids (using gasoline & diesel engines).

• CEC lubricant test methods (engine, rig and laboratory) are one of the pillars of EELQMS.

• Stakeholders in CEC are: ACEA, ATIEL, ATC & CONCAWE*.

• ASTM International also develops North American engine and laboratory tests and standards, some of which are included in the ACEA Oil Sequences.

*European Refining Environment Health & Safety organisation

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Value of EELQMS

• A voluntary system but the only system that can be used to qualify engine lubricants against the ACEA Oil Sequences.

• Existence of EELQMS and the ATIEL/ATC Codes of Practice has contributed to higher quality lubricants in the market.

• Stakeholders interact/align through joint working groups (ATIEL/ATC alignment group) and AAA (ACEA, ATIEL and ATC) meetings.

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Licensing vs voluntary code?

EUROPE:• Different organisations

representing OEMs, Oil and Additives industries

• ACEA owns Oil Sequences but chooses not to license

• Not legally possible for ATIEL to license/police against the Oil Sequences

• Devised voluntary code, with signatory system (Letter of Conformance) –required by ACEA to make performance claims

N. AMERICA:• One organisation (API)

representing OEMs, Oil and Additives industries

• API develops and ownslubricant classifications

• Enabled development of licensing system

• Logo and policing system

• Fee-based licensing

• Licensing (‘Donut’) still voluntary

20

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Before & After EELQMS (1)

BEFORE (PRE 1996)

• Engine lubricantdevelopment unregulated.

• Variable testing standards.

• No requirement for supporting documentation.

• No auditing.

• No guidelines on use of alternative base stocks or different viscosity grades.

AFTER (POST 1996)

• Standards for engine lubricant development.

• More precise, well-defined testing procedures.

• Documentation requirementsdefined and structured.

• Process audited.

• Robust interchange & read-across guidelines for base oils and viscosity grades.

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Before & After EELQMS (2)

BEFORE (PRE 1996)

• No common process formodification of additive components.

• No assurance that oils meet the specification requirements.

• OEMs unhappy about validity of lubricant quality claims.

AFTER (POST 1996)

• Guidelines for minor modification of additive components.

• More confidence that oils meet the specification requirements.

• More commitment and visibility through signing of Marketers’ Letter of Conformance.

ACEA European Oil Sequences

• ACEA European Oil Sequences are quality standards for engine lubricants used in light duty passenger cars & heavy duty trucks.

• ACEA Oil Sequences are updated regularly (typically every two years) to address:

• Changes in legislation• Changes in engine design & technology• Changes in fuel composition (eg biofuels)

• ACEA Oil Sequences are available to download from the ACEA website.

Schedule of ACEA Oil Sequences

• First allowable use: claims cannot be made before this date.

• Mandatory for new claims: from this date all claims for new oil formulations must be made according to the latest Sequence Issue. Up to that date newclaims can also be made according to the previous Sequence Issue.

• Oils with this claim may be marketed until: no further marketing of oils with claims to this issue allowed after this date.

• More information on ACEA claims representation can be found on the ATIEL website: www.atiel.org.

Sequence issue First allowable use Mandatory fornew claims

Oils with this claim may be marketed until

2004 1st Nov 2004 1st Nov 2005 31st Dec 2009

2007 1st Feb 2007 1st Feb 2008 23rd Dec 2010

2008 22nd Dec 2008 22nd Dec 2009 22nd Dec 2012

2010 22nd Dec 2010 22nd Dec 2011 22nd Dec 2014

2012 14th Dec 2012 14th Dec 2013 …

• ACEA Oil Sequences have three categories for different types of engines:

• Gasoline and light duty diesel (A/B)• Gasoline and light duty diesel with after treatment (C)• Heavy duty diesel (E)

• Every engine lubricant claiming to meet the ACEA Oil Sequences will need supporting data from applicable engine & laboratory tests. ACEA Sequences specify which engine tests to evaluate an engine lubricant against.

• Engine tests typically cost between Euros 10-120K, per product.

• Following the EELQMS can help to minimise unnecessary or duplicate testing.

ACEA engine categories & tests

ACEA engine testsTest name Description ACEA categories

TU5JP-L4 high temp deposits, ring sticking, oil thickening A/B, C

M111 black sludge deposits A/B, C

M111 fuel economy improvement A/B, C

VW TDI piston cleanliness & ring sticking in DI diesel engines A/B, C

TU3M valve-train scuffing wear A/B, C

OM602A wear A/B, C, E

OM646LA wear A/B, C, E

DV4TD medium temp dispersivity A/B, C

OM441LA bore polishing/piston cleanliness, turbo performance E

OM501LA piston cleanliness E

Mack T-12 wear (liner/piston rings/bearings) E

Cummins ISM valve train wear, soot-induced wear, oil filter plugging E

Mack T8E soot in oil E

Mack T11 soot in oil E

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ACEA performance claims

• Lubricant marketers claiming ACEA performance can include claims for specific engine categories on their product labelling.

• For these claims to be valid ACEA requires these engine lubricants to be developed in accordance with the European Engine Lubricant Quality Management System (EELQMS).

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Summary of EELQMS

• Lubricant marketers developing engine lubricants in compliance with ACEA Oil Sequences shall carry out formulation development, blending and marketing in accordance with the guidelines in the ATIEL Code of Practice and ATC Code of Practice:• incorporating EELQMS guidelines in a quality

management system (eg ISO 9001, or ISO TS 16949).

• ensuring an independent audit of the lubricant development process.

• having Code of Practice checklists signedoff by an authorised company representative.

• blending products according to requirements of ATIEL Code of Practice, including accreditationto an auditable QMS.

• signing a Marketers’ Letter of Conformance andregistering it with ATIEL.

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EELQMS - stakeholder benefits

OEMs• Controlled and consistent quality of engine lubricants

• Wide availability of lubricants meeting ACEA requirements

• Protection against warranty claims

Lubricant and additive industry• Timely, cost-effective engine lubricant development

• Common approach & standards (level playing field)

• Formulation optimisation and controlled flexibility to ensure wide availability of appropriate quality lubricants

End user• Trouble-free operation

• Confidence in lubricant performance claims

• Wide availability of lubricants of appropriate quality

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Continuous improvement

Stakeholders are committed to continuous improvement of EELQMS:

• improving definition and visibility of auditing requirements, especially to auditors.

• promotion of system to stakeholders and end users (communications, conferences, training, advertising).

• separating out EELQMS from Code of Practice as a standalone document.

• strengthening terms of Marketers’ Letter of Conformance.

• joint working groups between ATIEL/ATC to create improvements and clearer alignment between the Codes of Practice and to address future technical requirements.

• encouragement of ACEA members to adopt system themselves.

• conducting quality surveys of lubricants in the market.

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The ATIELCode of Practicefor developers and marketers of engine lubricants meeting the requirements of the ACEA European Oil Sequences

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ATIEL key technical activities

QUALITY• Developing guidelines and best practices for

formulation of engine lubricants

• Promoting quality and availability of appropriate lubricants

• Supporting auditable quality management systems

• Contributing to development of industry (CEC) engine and laboratory tests

PRODUCT SAFETY• Developing generic exposure scenarios and

guidance to assist lubricants companies to comply with EU’s REACH regulation

• Developing common practices on health, safety and environmental issues

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• The ATIEL Code of Practice is a core pillar of EELQMS.

• EELQMS is currently described in Section 3 of the ATIEL Code of Practice Issue 19.ATIEL

(Lubricant Formulation)

ATC(Additive Packages)

TEST METHODS (CEC/AST

M)

EELQMS

ACEA (Oil

Sequences)

QUALITY ENGINE LUBRICANTS

A core pillar of EELQMS

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ATIEL Code of Practice• Following its guidelines enables lubricant companies

to comply with the requirements of ACEA Oil Sequences.

• Provides formulation guidelines that present accepted industry best practices – updated in line with evolution of the ACEA Oil Sequences.

• Provides a common approach and standards for the whole industry to follow.

• Provides reassurance to OEMs and end-users of the quality and consistency of lubricants making ACEA performance claims.

• Has evolved in line with ACEA Oil Sequences and is currently on Issue 19.

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ACEA Oil Sequence issue ATIEL Code of Practice issue

2008 Issue 16

2010 Issue 17

2012 Issue 19

ACEA Oil Sequences v Code of Practice

The ATIEL Code of Practice is updated regularly and in line with each evolution of the ACEA Oil Sequences.

*Issue 18 was an editorial update with no change to technical requirements.

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Code of Practice - how does it help?

• Facilitates efficient lubricant development by:• providing a documented, structured approach

• eliminating unnecessary or duplicate testing

• reducing product development time

• making more effective use of resources

• Provides standard guidelines and auditable quality management systems to ensure consistent quality of lubricants.

• Ensures availability of appropriate lubricants worldwide (different base stocks, viscosity grades) through controlled formulation flexibility.

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Promoting the Code of Practice

• Presentations• ATIEL Information

Seminar (Nov 2012)• UNITI (April 2013)• UKLA (July 2013)• Moscow (Nov 2013)

• Training:• Internal (June 2013)• ACEA (Sept 2013)• UNITI (Dec 2013)

• Advertising • LUBE Magazine

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How does the ATIEL Code of Practice apply to the lubricant development process?

Scope of the ATIEL Code of Practice

Engine lubricant requirements

Additive formulation

development

Lubricant formulation

development

Performancevalidation

Production & marketing

• The primary role of the Code of Practice is to generate an ACEA Performance Data Set to support the technical integrity of a lubricant relative to the ACEA performance requirements.

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• The Performance Data Set captures and documents the whole lubricant development process including:• formulation properties• formulation modifications• relevant engine and laboratory test results

• In developing a Performance Data Set, guidelines in the ATIEL Code of Practice (ie to accommodate changes in viscosity grade, viscosity modifier & base oils) may have to be applied.

PERFORMANCE DATA SET

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Candidate Data Package• Documented test data used to demonstrate engine test performance

of a final lubricant formulation against the relevant ACEA Oil Sequence• Includes all laboratory test data• Can be used as the starting point for further modifications

Programme Extension Data• Describes and documents degree and nature of modifications (+ engine test data • if required) to a formulation to meet different performance/production requirements

ACEA Performance Data Set• Final documentation required by a lubricant marketer to confirm

performance of an engine lubricant against relevant ACEA Oil Sequence

• Built from the Candidate Data Package and any Programme Extension Data• The requirements for a Performance Data Set are outlined in Appendix D of the

ATIEL Code of Practice.

Programmes and data explained

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Engine lubricant development programme

ACEA OilSequences

(OEMs)

Define engine lubricant

requirements


development


development


Production & Marketing

Candidate Data Package

ACEA Performance

Data Set (Candidate + Programme

Extension Data) Marketers’ Letter of

Conformance

Production (blending)

Quality Management

System

Viscosity Grade

Base Stock

Additive Pack

Viscosity Modifier

ATC Code of Practice

ATIEL Code of Practice(Programme

Extension Data)

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Engine lubricant development process (1)

ACEA OilSequences

(OEMs)



development


development

Performance demonstration


1

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ACEA OilSequences

(OEMs)


requirements


development


development




ATC Code of Practice

ATIEL Code of Practice

2

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requirements


development


development



Viscosity Grade

Base Stock

Viscosity Modifier

(Programme Extension Data)

Additive

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How to use the Codes of Practice

Formulation modification

Viscosity Grade

Base Oil

Viscosity Modifier

Additive Pack Minor modifications

ATIELCode of Practice

Guidance found where?

Viscosity Modifier Interchange Guidelines Appendix C

Viscosity Grade Read-across Guidelines Appendix A

Base Oil Interchange Guidelines Appendix B

Section 2.3.7 (refers to ATC Code of Practice)

a)

b)

c)

d)

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Read-across/interchange principles

• Read-across and interchange guidelines define the minimum physical and engine testing necessary to ensure engine lubricant performance remains compliant for the relevant ACEA Oil Sequence(s).

• Each individual interchange must be considered step-by-step, and the evaluation documented and made available for auditing.

• VGRA, BOI, VMI and performance additive package modifications are four different steps and must be applied separately.

• BOI guidelines are data-driven for current and future engines.

• General engineering principle should always be applied – identify & test the ‘worst case’.

• Read-across not allowed for laboratory tests unless otherwise specified (eg ASTM).

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Any questions?

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Afternoon session:

• Lubricant formulation development

Practical examples

• Performance validation

• Production and marketing

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requirements


development


development



Viscosity Grade

Base Stock

Viscosity Modifier

(Programme Extension Data)

Additive

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Lubricant formulation developmenta) Viscosity grade modifications [Appendix A]

Viscosity Grade Read-Across (VGRA) guidelines allow development of tailored formulations for:

• different climate zones

• fuel economy

• different engine types

VGRA guidelines define for each engine test where viscosity grade changes can be made without additional testing:

• only re-balancing of Viscosity Modifier treat rate and base stocks permitted

• no other changes to overall formulation composition

Always read the footnotes to VGRA tables as there may be exceptions!

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EXAMPLE 1: VISCOSITY GRADE READ ACROSS (VGRA)

You are marketing a SAE 10W-30 and you’ve been asked to develop an SAE 10W-40 formulation at the same performance level…

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Lubricant formulation developmentEXAMPLE 1: Changing viscosity grade from SAE 10W-30 to SAE 10W-40 – do you need to run the TU3 and M111SL tests?

ORIGINAL NEW

Viscosity Grade 10W-30 10W-40

Base Stock Slate

Slate A 100N 10 -

Slate A 150N 68.5 71.8

Slate A 600N - 5

Additive Pack A 15 15

Viscosity Modifier A 6.5 8.2

TU3 engine test [Table A.1] PASS VGRA?

M111SL engine test [Table A.3] PASS VGRA?

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VGRA: TU3 [Table A.1]

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VGRA: M111SL [Table A.3]

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Lubricant formulation developmentExample 1: VGRAChanging viscosity grade from SAE 10W-30 to SAE 10W-40 -do you need to run TU3 and M111SL tests?

ORIGINAL NEW


Base Stock Slate

Slate A 100N 10 -

Slate A 150N 68.5 71.8

Slate A 600N - 5



TU3 engine test [Table A.1] PASS NO

M111SL engine test [Table A.3] PASS YES

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Lubricant formulation development

b) Base Oil Interchange [Appendix B]

Base Oil Interchange (BOI) guidelines allow:• Formulators to accommodate variations in availability of base stocks

• Optimisation of formulations

Base Oil Interchange Guidelines define for each Oil Sequence where base stocks can be interchanged with minimum engine testing, provided that:

• Only the base oils are changed

• Viscosity Modifier concentration is not changed by more than +/-15% relative

• There are no other changes to overall formulation composition

In the majority of cases engine tests have to be run.

Always read the footnotes to BOI tables as there may be exceptions!

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Base Oils – simple definitions• Base Oil

A fluid, comprising one or more base stocks, which can be blended with performance additives to make an engine lubricant.

• Base stockA base oil component produced by a single manufacturer to the same specification, independent of feed source or location.

• Base stock slate A range of base stocks produced by the same manufacturer which may have different specified viscosities and/or other properties but which fit into the same ATIEL base stock group and can be demonstrated are technically substitutable.

• Linked slatesBase stock slates that a manufacturer has demonstrated areinterchangeable without the need for further engine testing.

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Base Stock Groups

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EXAMPLE 2: Base Oil Interchange

You are marketing a lubricant based on Group I base oil and want to utilise some Group I base oil from another supplier, while maintaining the same performance level...

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Lubricant formulation developmentExample 2: BOIChanging Group I base oils – which tests do you need to run on the new formulation?

Original New


Base Stock Slate

Slate A 100N 10 -

Slate B 100N - 10

Slate A 150N 68.5 68.5

Slate B 150N - -



ACEA A3/B4 tests [Table B.3] PASS ALL ??

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BOI [Table B.3]

NOTE: Check all footnotes on each table!

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Lubricant formulation developmentExample 2: BOIChanging Group I base oil – which tests do you need to run on the new formulations?

Original New


Base Stock Slate

Slate A 100N 10 -

Slate B 100N - 10

Slate A 150N 68.5 68.5

Slate B 150N - -



ACEA A3/B4 tests [Table B.3] PASS ALL NONE

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EXAMPLE 3: Base Oil InterchangeYou are marketing a lubricant based on Group I base oil and want to utilise some Group I base oil from another supplier while maintaining the same performance level...

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Lubricant formulation developmentExample 3: BOIChanging Group I base oil – which tests do you need to run on the new formulation?

Original New


Base Stock Slate

Slate A 100N 10 10

Slate B 100N - -

Slate A 150N 68.5 -

Slate B 150N - 68.4



ACEA A3/B4 tests [Table B.3] PASS ALL ??

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BOI [Table B.3]

NOTE: Check all footnotes on each table!

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Lubricant formulation developmentExample 3: BOIChanging Group I base oil – which tests do you need to run on the new formulations?

Original New


Base Stock Slate

Slate A 100N 10 10

Slate B 100N - -

Slate A 150N 68.5 -

Slate B 150N - 68.4



ACEA A3/B4 tests PASS ALL 3 TESTS TO RUN

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EXAMPLE 4: Base Oil InterchangeYou are marketing a ACEA C3 lubricant based on Group II base oil and for logistics reason want to change to Group III base oil at the same performance level...

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Lubricant formulation developmentExample 4: BOIChanging Group II (original formulation) to Group III (new formulation) – which tests do you need to run on the new formulation?

Original New


Base Stock Slate

Group II 130N 25.0 -

Group III 4cSt 54.4 79.6

Additive Pack A 13.5 13.5


ACEA C3 tests ALL PASS* ??

*ACEA C3 tests:TU3TU5Seq. VGBlack SludgeDV4TDOM646LAVW TDiM111FE

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BOI [Table B.3]

*ACEA C3 tests:TU3TU5Seq. VGBlack SludgeDV4TDOM646LAVWTDiM111FE

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Lubricant formulation developmentExample 4: BOIChanging Group II (Formulation 1) to Group III (Formulation 2) base oil – which tests do you need to run on the new formulation?

Formulation 1 Formulation 2


Base Stock Slate

Group II 240N - -


Group III 4cSt 54.4 79.6

Additive Pack A 13.5 13.5


ACEA C3 tests ALL PASS* NONE

*ACEA C3 tests:TU3TU5Seq. VGBlack SludgeDV4TDOM646LAVWTDiM111FE

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EXAMPLE 5: Base Oil Interchange + Viscosity Grade Read AcrossYou are marketing a ACEA A5/B5 SAE 10W-30 lubricant based on Group II base oil and want to develop an SAE 5W-30 formulation...

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Lubricant formulation developmentExample 5: BOI + VGRAChanging an ACEA A5/B5 SAE 10W-30 Oil to a SAE 5W-30 oil with the same performance based on same additive package and VM technology. What tests need to be run and why?

From To


Base Stock Slate


Group III Slate A 4 cSt - 30.0

Group III Slate A 6 cSt - 47.7



ACEA A5/B5 tests ALL PASS* ??

*ACEA A5/B5 tests:TU3TU5Seq. VGM111SLDV4OM646LAVWTDiM111FE

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Lubricant formulation developmentExample 5: BOI + VGRA This requires two types of modification – BOI + VGRA. Each has to be treated as a distinct separate step – you cannot read-across straight to the targeted product in one go.

Original BOI VGRA

Viscosity Grade 10W-30 10W-30 5W-30

Base Stock Slate

Group II 160N 78.5 - -

Group III Slate A 4 cSt - 25.0 30.0


Additive Pack A 15 15 15

Viscosity Modifier A 6.5 6.7 7.3

ACEA A5/B5 tests ALL PASS* ?? ??


BOI VGRA

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Lubricant formulation developmentExample 5: BOI + VGRA First step: Base Oil Interchange

Original BOI VGRA


Base Stock Slate

Group II 160N 78.5 - -





ACEA A5/B5 tests ALL PASS* [Table B.3]/API 1509 ??


BOI

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BOI [Table B.3]


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BOI: API 1509 App. E for Sequence VG

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Lubricant formulation developmentExample 5:Result of BOI is to run all tests, except Sequence VG.

Original BOI VGRA


Base Stock Slate

Group II 160N 78.5 - -





ACEA A5/B5 tests ALL PASS* TU3, TU5, DV4, OM646LA,M111SL,VWTDI, M111FE

??


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Lubricant formulation developmentExample 5:Second Step: Viscosity Grade Read Across

Original BOI VGRA


Base Stock Slate

Group II 160N 78.5 - -





ACEA A5/B5 tests ALL PASS* TU3, TU5, DV4, OM646LA,

M111SL, VWTDI, M111FE

[Table A1 to A9] / API 1509


VGRA

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VGRA: M111E [Table A.8]

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VGRA: API 1509 App. F for Sequence VG

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VGRA: Summary [Tables A.2 to A.8]

M111FE Table A.8 RASequence VG API 1509 App F Run

TU3 Table A.1 RunTU5 Table A.2 RunM111SL Table A.3 RunDV4 Table A.5 RunOM646LA Table A.7 RunVWTDi Table A.9 Run

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Lubricant formulation developmentExample 5:Result of Viscosity Grade Read Across is to run all A5/B5 tests,except M111FE.

Original BOI VGRA


Base Stock Slate

Group II 160N 78.5 - -






VWTDI, M111FE

TU3, TU5, Seq. VG,

M111SL,DV4, OM646LA, VWTDi

*ACEA A5/B5 tests:TU3TU5Seq. VG (API 1509)M111SLDV4OM646LAVWTDiM111FE

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Lubricant formulation developmentExample 5:Conclusion: Better to run all tests directly in target formulation.

Original BOI VGRA


Base Stock Slate

Group II 160N 78.5 - -






VWTDI, M111FE

TU3, TU5, Seq. VG,

M111 SL,DV4, OM646LA, VWTDi


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EXAMPLE 6: You are marketing a ACEA A5/B5 SAE 5W-30 lubricant based on Group III base oil and want to develop an SAE 10W-30 formulation…

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Lubricant formulation developmentExample 6: VGRA + BOIChanging a ACEA A5/B5 SAE 5W-30 Oil to a SAE 10W-30 oil with same performance based on same additive package and VM technology. What tests need to be run?

From To


Base Stock Slate

Group II 160N - 78.5

Group III Slate A 4 cSt 30.0 -

Group III Slate A 6 cSt 47.7 -



ACEA A5/B5 tests ALL PASS* ??


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Lubricant formulation developmentExample 6: VGRA + BOI Each type of modification has to be treated as a distinct separate step –VGRA + BOI. you cannot go straight to the targeted product in one go.

Original VGRA BOI


Base Stock Slate

Group II 160N - - 78.5

Group III Slate A 4 cSt 30.0 25.0 -




ACEA A5/B5 tests ALL PASS* ?? ??


VGRA BOI

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Lubricant formulation developmentExample 6: VGRA + BOIFirst step: Viscosity Grade Read Across.

Original VGRA BOI


Base Stock Slate

Group II 160N - - 78.5





ACEA A5/B5 tests ALL PASS* [Table A1 to A9] / API1509

??


VGRA

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VGRA: TU3 [Table A.1]

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VGRA: Summary [Tables A.2 to A.8]

TU3 Table A.1 RA

TU5 Table A.2 RAM111SL Table A.3 RADV4 Table A.5 RAOM646LA Table A.7 RAVWTDi Table A.9 RAM111FE Table A.9 Run

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VGRA: API 1509 App. F for Sequence VG

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Lubricant formulation developmentExample 6: VGRA + BOIResult of VGRA is to run only VWTDi test.

Original VGRA BOI


Base Stock Slate

Group II 160N - - 78.5





ACEA A5/B5 tests ALL PASS* M111FE ??


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Lubricant formulation developmentExample 6: VGRA + BOISecond Step: Base Oil Interchange

Original VGRA BOI


Base Stock Slate

Group II 160N - - 78.5





ACEA A5/B5 tests ALL PASS* M111FE ??

*ACEA A5/B5 tests:TU3TU5Seq. VGBlack sludgeDV4OM646LAVWTDiM111FE

BOI

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BOI [Table B.3]

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BOI: API 1509 App. E for Sequence VG

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Lubricant formulation developmentExample 6:Result of BOI is to run all A5/B5 tests.

Original VGRA BOI


Base Stock Slate

Group II 160N - - 78.5





ACEA A5/B5 tests ALL PASS* M111FE TU3, TU5, Seq VG, M111SL, DV4, OM646LA,VWTDi, M111FE


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Lubricant formulation developmentExample 6:Conclusion: Again it is better to run all tests directly in targeted formulation. But if both the 5W-30 Group III and 10W-30 Group II and III formulation is required it is better to start with 5W-30.

From VGRA BOI


Base Stock Slate

Group II 160N - - 78.5





ACEA A5/B5 tests ALL PASS* M111FE TU3, TU5, Seq. VG, M111SL, DV4,

OM646LA, VWTDi, M111FE


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Base oils – additional guidelines

• Base stock quality assurance [B.3]

• Feedstock approval procedures

• Refining process control procedures

• Routine quality control procedures

• Verification of conformance with defined procedures

• Access to technical expertise

• Maintain documented externally auditable QMS procedures

• Base stock manufacturer’s Letter of Conformance [B.5]:

• Base stock manufacturers wishing to declare compliance with the ATIEL guidelines can do so by submitting a Base Stock Manufacturers’ Letter of Conformance.

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c) Viscosity Modifier Interchange (VMI) [Appendix C]

VMI guidelines allow for:

• Variations in availability of different viscosity modifiers

• Formulation optimisation

• Product performance enhancement

Guidelines define where VMI can be made with or without additional engine testing provided:

• Only the Viscosity Modifier is changed

• There are no other changes to overall formulation composition

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d) Additive pack – minor modifications [2.3.7]

• Additive package modifications may be required during the generation of engine test data.

• Guidelines are contained in the ATC Code of Practice [Sections H1-H6] and American Chemistry Council (ACC) Code of Practice.

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ACEA OilSequences

(OEMs)



development


Performance demonstration


ATC candidate data package

4

Viscosity Grade

Base Stock

Additive Pack

Viscosity Modifier

Modifications

ACEA Performance

Data Set (Candidate + Programme

Extension data)

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Engine lubricant development processPerformance demonstration [Appendix D]

Verification of all test data and results for final formulation:• Final compilation of all the data

• Checklists D.1 (Candidate Data Package) and D.2 (Programme Extension Data) plus form D.3 (ACEA Performance Data Set) in Code of Practice completed and signed off by lubricant marketer

• Filing of signed forms - required for internal auditing

• Finish line of formulation development process: compliance with performance requirements done!

Once Marketer’s Letter of Conformance has been signed and submitted to ATIEL, ACEA claims can then be included on product labelling.

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ACEA OilSequences

(OEMs)


requirements


development





ACEA Performance

Data Set (CandidateData

Package + Programme

Extension data) Marketers’ Letter of

Conformance

Production (blending)

Quality Management

System

Viscosity Grade

Base Stock

Additive Pack

Viscosity Modifier

ATIEL Code of Practice(Programme

Extension Data)

5

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Engine lubricant development process

Production and blending [4]• Blended commercial product must accurately reflect formulation used to

establish the ACEA Performance Data Set.

• Blending must be done in production facility having recognised quality management systems (e.g. ISO 9001).

• Where products are subject to further handling prior to sale (eg re-packaging, re-labelling or filling), and such actions are considered capable of affecting product quality, they must also be certified against an auditable QMS.

• Where products that have been supplied by third parties are marketed, the lubricant marketer must ensure the supplier has appropriate qualification systems in place.

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Engine lubricant development process

ACEA claims can be included on product labelling!

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Conclusion• Compliance with the ATIEL Code of Practice benefits

all stakeholders:• OEMs

• Lubricant companies

• Additive companies

• Workshops

• Consumers

• ATIEL is committed to update the Code of Practice in line with the continuous evolution of the ACEA Oil Sequences.

• ATIEL actively promotes cross-industry adoption of theCode of Practice.

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Current activities

EELQMS:• Repositioning as

overarching quality management system for engine lubricant development

• Raising awareness of value across industry stakeholders

• Promoting wide-scale adoption both inside and outside Europe

• Investigating level of industry compliance

CODE OF PRACTICE:• Updating (Issue 20)

• Strengthening audit requirements

• Developing training materials

• Introducing practical application examples

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Thank you!

For more information visit:www.atiel.org

www.atc-europe.orgwww.cectests.org

www.acea.be

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Back-up slides

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Technical principles of viscositygrade modifications

Originally developed based on extensive industry Group I test data.

Deposits/oxidation tests:

• More (non-dispersant OCP – ie ‘worst case’) modifier = more deposits.

• More modifier = higher proportion of lighter base stocks, leading to more volatility and oxidation potential.

• To maintain performance can only modify from wider to narrower viscosity grade (eg 10W-40 to 15W-40).

• As dispersant OCPs produce fewer deposits, the above applies except you can read across to the next wider viscosity grade (eg 10W-40 to 10W-50).

Wear tests (high temperature):

• Thicker oil (higher viscosity) = better wear performance.

• To maintain wear performance you can read-across from lower to higher kinematic viscosity at 100°C.

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Viscosity grade modification principles – why they are still valid today?

• Deposit formation tendency of same polymer-based viscosity modifier is only dependent on amount of polymer used in formulation.

• Older non-dispersant OCPs produce the most deposits (‘worst case’).

• Industry data is largely based on older non-dispersant OCP viscosity modifiers.

• Modern polymer-based viscosity modifiers produce fewer deposits.

• Volatility and oxidation stability in modern base stocks (Group II, Group III) is better than Group I (hence Group I is also ‘worst case’).

• Since viscosity is the driver, the higher the better in terms of wear protection.

Viscosity grade modification is data driven.

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Technical principles of Base Oil Interchange guidelinesOriginally developed on extensive Group I to Group I and limited Group I to Group III comparison test data from oil industry that determined:

• Which tests were base stock sensitive? All except wear (only viscosity related).

• Which base stock properties were important? Oxidation, volatility, thermal stability and viscosity.

This resulted in base oil interchange guidelines for:

• Wear test: Group I to Group I.

• All tests: Group I to </= 30% mass Group III (no data available above 30%).

(No data on Group II at the time so no interchange possible)

All new BOI guidelines are based on engine test data (eg TU5, TU3).

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TU5 Group III BOI data collection

ATIEL members made TU5JP engine test data available covering:

• Total of 13 different data points.

• 6 different Group III base stock manufacturers.

• 7 different additive technologies.

• Statistical evaluation by two different industry statisticians suggested that

running three additional TU5 engine tests using existing additive/base stock

combinations would significantly improve the estimate of base stock to base

stock variability.

• ATIEL sponsored the three additional TU5 tests.

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TU5 Group III interchange guideline

• Statistical evaluation carried out on set of 16 data points:• Carried out by two industry statisticians (API & CEC)

• For formulated Group III oils, the two major factors driving viscosity increase in the TU5 engine test are:

• Base Oil Noack volatility• Additive Chemistry

• Base Oil Noack volatility and additive package composition explainvariance in TU5 viscosity increase results.

• Group III Base Oil Interchange rule (A/B and C Sequences)• TU5 testing is required if the Noack evaporation loss of the

Group III base stock mix of the final formulation is higher than the Noack evaporation loss of the Group III base stock mix of the original formulation.

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• ATIEL Members have provided 11 TU3 Engine test results.• Covered only Group III base stocks

• A statistical evaluation by an independent statistician carried out.

• Major conclusion was engine test results show no sensitivity for base oil quality for the different Group III base stocks.

• ATIEL is currently reviewing results and conclusions.

TU3 Group III interchange guideline

uniti cop training presentation final wo video · • engine tests typically cost between euros...

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