United States United States Enters the Enters the

WarWar

Chapter 29 section 3 and 4

Japan and the Japan and the U.SU.S

Japan develops plan for attacks on European colonies, U.S. bases

In 1941 Roosevelt cuts off oil shipments to Japan

http://www.history.com/videos/douglas-macarthur#japanese-diplomats-arrive-in-us

Surprise Attack Surprise Attack on on Pearl HarborPearl Harbor

Admiral Isoroku Isoroku YamamatoYamamato plans attack on U.S. fleet in Hawaii.

““Day of Infamy”Day of Infamy” Japan attacks

Pearl HarborPearl Harbor U.S. naval base in Hawaii—on Sunday Dec. 7, 1941Dec. 7, 1941

http://www.history.com/videos/kenneth-m-taylor-at-pearl-harbor#richard-young-recalls-pearl-harbor

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EyjicU83-Zs&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1&safe=active

The U.S. Enters the The U.S. Enters the WarWar

Congress declares war on Japan, December December 8, 19418, 1941

http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/media#attack-pearl-harbor

December 11, 1941 Germany declares war on The United States

January 1, 1942 Declaration of the the United NationsUnited Nations signed by 26 Allied nations.

Japan also attacks Hong Kong, Thailand, and other islands

Japanese Early Japanese Early VictoriesVictoriesDecember 10, 1941, Japanese

attack Philippine Islands defended by U.S., Filipino troops

Philippine islands fall to Japanese in Spring of 1942

Japanese forces treat conquered peoples, prisoners of war brutally

Capture of Capture of PhilippinesPhilippines

U.S. troops surrender to the Japanese at Corregidor in the Philippine Islands,

May 6, 1942. A total of 11,500 Americans and Filipinos became POWs, including the commander, Lt. Gen. Jonathan Wainwright.

POWs from Corregidor and Bataan were among the worst treated.

Bataan Death Bataan Death MarchMarch

About 76,000 prisoners including 12,000 Americans were forced on the 60 mile march under a blazing sun without food or water toward a new POW camp in the Philippines. April 1942.

Over 5,000 Americans died on the march which began April 10 and lasted six days for some and up to twelve days for others.

Allied POWs with hands tied behind their backs pause during the Bataan Death MarchBataan Death March

The Bataan Death March continues with Americans improvising litters to carry comrades who have collapsed along the road from a total lack of food and water.

Japan continues to Japan continues to GainsGains Japan captures British holdings,

including Hong KongHong Kong, Singapore

Also conquers Dutch East Indies, rich in minerals

Capture of Burma threatens India, Britain’s main possession in Asia

The Allies Strike The Allies Strike BackBack

SStunning Raidtunning Raid On April 18, 1942,

U.S. bombers led by James DoolittleJames Doolittle attack Tokyo, other Japanese cities

Raid does little damage, but shows that Japan is vulnerable Lt. Col. Doolittle wires a Japanese

medal to a bomb, for "return" to its originators

http://www.history.com/shows/battle-360/videos/battle-360-the-doolittle-raid#battle-360-the-doolittle-raid

The Allies Turn the The Allies Turn the TideTide

Battle of the Coral SeaCoral Sea —Americans stop Japanese advance, May 7-8, 1942.

New kind of naval warfare—ships launch planes to fight each other

The Battle of The Battle of MidwayMidway

http://www.history.com/videos/first-images-of-battle-of-midway#first-images-of-battle-of-midway

Japanese send powerful fleet to capture Midway IslandMidway Island on June 4-7, 1942

This battle was the turning point of the war in the Pacific. Japan lost 4 aircraft carriers while the US lost the YorktownYorktown. Japan retreats

MacArthur’s PlanMacArthur’s PlanAmerican

army commander Douglas Douglas MacArthuMacArthurr in Pacific

““Island Island Hopping”Hopping”

MacArthur plans is to move from island to island, hopping past strongholds, and attacking weaker Japanese bases

Battle of Battle of GuadalcanalGuadalcanal

August 1942 - February 1943

Hellish battle that ends in Allied victory

Allies Turn the Allies Turn the TideTide

on 2 Fronts on 2 Fronts

http://www.history.com/shows/wwii-in-hd/videos/playlists/featured-bios#charles-scheffel

The North African The North African CampaignCampaign

Rommel takes Tobruk, June 1942; pushes toward Egypt

British General General MontgomeryMontgomery attacks at El El AlameinAlamein, forces Rommel back.

American forces land in Morocco, November 1942

General Dwight Dwight D. EisenhowerD. Eisenhower American commander in Morocco

In May 1943, Rommel’sRommel’s forces are defeated by the Allies.

http://www.history.com/videos/allied-invasion-of-italy#panzer-tank-strategy-at-stalingrad

The BattleThe Battlefor for StalingradStalingrad German army

moves to capture Soviet oil fields

August 42- Feb. 43 The Soviets and Germans battle for control of city

http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/media#world-war-ii-battle-of-stalingrad

300,000 German troops invade city, then 90,000 surrender after long battle

Soviets lost 1 million soldiers and 99% of the city destroyed

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OUX7mAeeF04&feature=related&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1&safe=active

The Invasion of The Invasion of ItalyItaly U.S., British forces land on,

capture Sicily in 1943

Mussolini loses power and is executed, but Germans keep control of northern Italy

Allies invade Italy, but Germans keep fighting there until war ends in 1945.

http://www.history.com/videos/allied-invasion-of-italy#allied-invasion-of-italy

Protecting Art WorkProtecting Art Work

The Allied The Allied Home FrontsHome Fronts

New New WeaponsWeaponsNew fighters,

medicine and other developments assisted the allies

http://www.history.com/videos/b-17-flying-fortress-speedy-heavy-bomber#the-most-b-17-bomber

Mobilizing for WarMobilizing for War

Fighting the war requires complete use of all national resources (total wartotal war)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wcndYCgmUIo&feature=related&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1&safe=active

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_TUPUbvO0eU&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1&safe=active

““Rosie the Rosie the Riveter”Riveter”17 to 18 million

U.S. workers many of them women make weapons

Rosie becomes the symbol of all of these women in the workplace

Norman Rockwell, “Saturday Evening post” May 1943

People at home face shortages of consumer goods (Rationing)

Propaganda aims to inspire civilians to aid war effort

War Limits Civil Rights in War Limits Civil Rights in USUS

Japanese Americans face prejudice, fear

Army puts Japanese Americans in interment camps in 1942

http://www.history.com/shows/wwii-in-hd/videos/d-days#japanese-internment-in-america

Dec 22, 1941

Tuskegee Tuskegee AirmanAirman

• The Tuskegee Airmen were the first African American military aviators in the US armed forces.

• During World War II, African Americans in many U.S. states still were subject to racist Jim Crow laws.

EuropeEurope

General Dwight D. General Dwight D. EisenhowerEisenhower addresses troops preparing to invade France (June 5,1944).

http://www.history.com/shows/wwii-in-hd/videos/d-days#d-days

The D-Day The D-Day InvasionInvasion Allies plan invasion of France; use deception to confuse Germans

D-Day—June 6, 1944June 6, 1944; day of “Operation OverlordOperation Overlord” invasion of France led by American General Dwight D. Eisenhower

Allied forces capture Normandy beaches

http://www.history.com/videos/d-day-invasion-of-europe#d-day-invasion-of-europe

http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/media#d-days

US troops on the deck of a landing craft setting out for Normandy on D-Day.

Paris is LiberatedParis is Liberated

August 19th –25th, 1944With the assistance of the Free

French Army and the French Resistance (FFI)

http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/media_fi.php?MediaId=2051

De Gaulle De Gaulle enters the city and marches through the Arc du Triomphe and down the Champs Elysees

The Battle of the The Battle of the BulgeBulge U.S. and British forces advance

on Germany from west, Soviets from east

Last German Last German offensiveoffensive attack occurs in the Ardennes ForestArdennes Forest in December 1944 – January 1945

Germans have early success but forced to retreat.

http://www.history.com/shows/wwii-in-hd/videos/d-days#battle-bulge

Yalta ConferenceYalta Conference

The BIG THREEBIG THREE, Churchill, FDR and Stalin meet February, 1945

There is an atmosphere of distrust

Stalin needed to maintain control in Eastern Europe

Churchill and FDR want self-determination for all of Europe

Agreement Agreement USSR would enter the war

against Japan within 3 months of Germany’s defeat,

The USSR would take possession of Sakhalin Island, Kuril Islands and an occupation zone in Korea

The 3 agreed that Germany would temporally divided into 4 zones to be governed by Americans, French, British and USSR

Stalin also agreed to hold free elections in Eastern Europe.

The mistrust between the Allies will cause many problems for years to come

InvasionInvasion of of GermanyGermany1945, Allied armies

approach Germany from two sides

Soviets surround Berlin in April 1945

A Soviet soldier raises the flag of the Soviet Union over the Reichstag during the Battle of Berlin, May 1945

On April 30, 1945April 30, 1945, Hitler commits suicide on rather than being captured as the Soviets enter Berlin.

Brandenburg Gate

President Roosevelt dies on April 12, 1945; Harry S. Harry S. TrumanTruman becomes president.

On May 9, 1945May 9, 1945, Germany officially surrenders, marking V-E DayV-E DayTruman’s speech to the American People http://www.ushmm

.org/wlc/en/media_fi.php?MediaId=235

PacificPacific

Japanese in Japanese in RetreatRetreat

Allies move to retake the Philippines in late 1944

Battle of Leyte GulfBattle of Leyte Gulf, October 20th returns the island to the Allies and leaves Japanese navy badly damaged

In March 1945, American forces capture Iwo JimaIwo Jima.

http://www.history.com/shows/wwii-in-hd/videos/d-days#battle-iwo-jima

U.S. takes OkinawaOkinawa in June 45, Japan suffers huge casualties

KamikazesKamikazes

Japanese pilots who fly suicide missions, usually into the enemy’s ship

In the tradition of the Samurai, they valued national honor more than their life.

Kamikaze plane sliced through US ship during Okinawa

The Japanese The Japanese SurrenderSurrender Advisors warn Truman that

invasion of Japan mainland will cost many lives.

He has alternative; powerful new weapon called atomic bomb

The Manhattan ProjectManhattan Project —secret program to develop the bomb

Potsdam DeclarationPotsdam Declaration

Conference held in a suburb of Berlin from July 17th to August 2nd

July 28th announced the conditions for surrender, Japan was told there would be no deviations from this .

They refusedOther things agreed uponNazi leaders to be tried as war

criminals at NurembergNurembergKorea to be divided

no agreement on Poland's western boundary but Lublin government allowed to expel 9 million Germans from eastern Poland

Germany to be administered as single economic unit by Allied Control Council, but Stalin sealed all land access to East Germany

Stalin allowed to take 25% of West German industry in exchange for food, coal

“Little Boy” was dropped on HiroshimaHiroshima, August 6th ,45

70,000 die another 130,000 died of radiation

Bomb Bomb UsedUsed

http://www.history.com/videos/bombing-of-hiroshima-and-nagasaki#bombing-of-hiroshima-and-nagasaki

http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/media#atomic-bomb

August 9th a second bomb, “Fat Man” fell on NagasakiNagasaki; 70,000 die immediately

The cloud raises 11+ miles into the air

                                                                                  

The energy released by the bomb was powerful enough to burn through clothing. The dark portions of the garments this victim wore at the time of the blast were emblazoned on to the flesh as scars, while skin underneath the lighter parts (which absorb less energy) was not damaged as badly.[

Japan Japan surrenderssurrenders

The US began their occupation of Japan on August 28th

September 2nd on the battle ship USS Missouri