united states age, mineralogy, physical properties, and · 2010-12-03 · age, mineralogy, physical...

UNITED STATESDEPARTMENT OF INTERIOR

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

AGE, MINERALOGY, PHYSICAL PROPERTIES, ANDGEOCHEMISTRY OF DREDGE SAMPLES FROM THE

BERING SEA CONTINENTAL MARGIN

D. M. Jones, M. J. Kingston, M. S. Marlow, A. K. Cooper, J. A. Barren, F. H. Wingate 1 , and R. E. Arnal

U.S. Geological Survey

OPEN FILE REPORT 81-1297

This report is preliminary and has not bee reviewed for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey editorial standards (and stratigraphic nomen clature). Any use of trade names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the USGS.

1. Cities Service Co., Denver, CO

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introduction.......................................................... 1Analyses.............................................................. 1Methods and Procedures................................................ 2

Mineralogy......................................................... 2Geochemistry....................................................... 3Physical Properties................................................ 4

Acknowledgments....................................................... 5References Cited...................................................... 6List of Figures....................................................... 9Table 1. Dredge station locations................................... 13Table 2. Analyses completed on dredge haul rocks, cruises

L5-78-BS and 70-B....................................... 14Table 3. Major components (%) in thin sections of

sedimentary rocks.......................................20Table 4. Major components (%) in thin sections of

igneous rocks...........................................21Table 5. Heavy Mineral Data %....................................... 22Table 6. Light mineral data (^).................................... .24Table 7. Clay mineral data..........................................26Table 8. Minor and trace element geochemistry of

sedimentary rocks, L5-78-B..............................29Table 9. Minor and trace element geochemistry of

igneous rocks, L5-78-BS.................................30Table 10. Major and minor oxide geochemistry of

igneous rocks, L5-78-BS.................................31Table 11. Carbon-carbonate data......................................32Table 12. Bulk density data..........................................36Table 13. Grain size data............................................37Table 14. Porosity and permeability data.............................38Table 15. Age calls. ................................................ .39Table 16. Source of Age Calls........................................41L5-78-BS

2-1 sandy mudstone.......................................412-3 mudstone.............................................412-4 diatomaceous mudstone................................422-5 diatomaceous mudstone................................422-6 mudstone.............................................432-8 glauconitic sandy mudstone...........................442-9 clayey diatomite. ....................................452-11 calcareous mudstone..................................454-1 mudstone.............................................464-3 mudstone.............................................464-5 mudstone.............................................474-6 mudstone.............................................47r5-1 di'atomaceous mudstone. ...............................485-2 volcanic sandstone...................................485-3 mudstone............................................. 495-4 mudstone.............................................49

TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)

5-5 volcanic sandstone...................................495-7 clayey limestone.....................................505-10 andesite tuff........................................506-3 sandy limestone......................................506-5 volcanic sandstone................................... 516-7 silty sandstone......................................516-12 diatomaceous siltstone...............................517-3 diatomaceous mudstone................................ 527-5 mudstone............................................. 528-1 diatomaceous mudstone................................ 538-6 diatomaceous mudstone................................538-8 sandy siltstone......................................549-1 diatomaceous mudstone................................549-2 glauconitic diatomaceous mudstone....................5411-1 clayey limestone.....................................5513-1 sandstone............................................5513-2 muddy sandstone...................................... 5513-5 pebbly sandstone..................................... 5613-6 pebbly sandstone.....................................5613-9 pebbly sandstone.....................................5615-3 basalt............................................... 5616-9 mudstone.............................................5716-12 mudstone.............................................5716-14 mudstone............................................. 5819-2 diatomaceous mudstone................................5822-2 glauconitic sandstone................................5822-3 pebbly sandstone..................................... 5922-4 laminated sandstone and siltstone.................... 5922-6 clayey limestone.....................................6022-7 clayey limestone.....................................6125-4 coarse-grained sandstone.............................6226-1 volcanic sandstone...................................6226-6 clayey limestone.....................................6327-1 sandy siltstone interbedded with

volcanic sandstone................................6327-4 volcanic sandstone...................................6428-1 diatomaceous mudstone................................6528-2 diatomaceous mudstone................................6528-3 distomaceous calcareous sandstone....................6628-6 clayey limestone.....................................66

BARTLETT addenda

70-B92-3S3 brecciated mudstone.............................6770-B92-3S5 granule conglomerate............................6770-B92-3S-6 mudstone........................................68

INTRODUCTION

During the summer of 1978 the U.S. Geological Survey dredged

20 sites along the Bering Sea continental margin (see Fig. 1).

Seismic reflection data were correlated with dredge locations

using a time/depth recorder (Fig. 2). Over four tons of rocks

were recovered at the 20 successful sites (Fig. 3; Table 1) and

approximately 8OO Ibs. of rock were retained for analysis.

Analyses of a few samples collected in 1970 are also included

here. This report supercedes Marlow and others (1979).

ANALYSES

The dredge samples were analyzed for mineralogy,

geochemistry, physical properties, and age (Table 2).

Mineralogical studies included modal analysis of thin sections

(Tables 3 and 4),and an examination of heavy and light mineral

fractions that had been separated from disaggregated sedimentary

rocks (Tables 5 and 6). X-ray diffraction analyses were

performed on clay (<2y) fractions from sedimentary samples

(Table 7).

Geochemical studies of sedimentary rocks consisted of

measuring 26 elements by quantitative emission spectroscopy

(Table 8). Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA), X-

ray fluorescence, emission spectroscopy, and partial chemical

analysis for C02/ t^O , I^o", and FeO were performed on igneous

t rock samples (tables 9 and 10). Sedimentary samples were assayed

for total carbon content, CaCO 3 , and organic carbon content

(Table 11). Several of those with high organic carbon content

were further analyzed by pyrolysis in order to measure thermal

maturity.

The studies of physical properties included determinations

of bulk density (Table 12) and grain size distribution (Table

13). Porosity and permeability measurements on a few sedimentary

rock samples were performed by Core Labs, Inc. (Table 14).

Dating of the dredge samples was by microfossils, pelecypod

assemblages, and K-Ar radiometric dating (Dalrymple and Lanphere,

1969) (Table 15). In general, foraminifera were scarce and not

highly diagnostic, whereas useful diatom assemblages were common

and were the basis for the bulk of the age calls. Some samples,

too well consolidated for mechanical microfossil extraction,

yielded diagnostic forms upon treatment with hydrofloric acid;

thus the remainder of the age calls were based on resistant

pollen grains and spores, coccoliths, silicoflagellates, and

radiolarian biostratigraphy.

METHODS AND PROCEDURES

Mineralogy

Thin sections were prepared from selected igneous and

sedimentary samples and modal analyses with a minimum of 500

counts, were done using the line method (Galehouse, 1971).

Disaggregation o'f sedimentary samples, for density fractionation

was accomplished in an aqueous NaPO4 solution to assist clay

dispersal. Mechanical assistance varied, as required, from

simple stirring to ultrasonic agitation. A fine sand fraction

(64 p to 88 \i ) was separated by sieving, then dried, and further

fractionated gravimetrically using dilute tetrabromoethane

(specific gravity of 2.85) Grain mounts were made, and at least

300 points were counted using the line method (Galehouse, 1971).

Clay fractions (less than 2\i diameter) were prepared and x-rayed

on a Picker XRD following the procedures of Hein and others

(1976). Relative percents of the different clay minerals were

estimated using Biscaye's (1965) method.

Geochemistry

Quantitative 26 element emission spectroscopy is discussed

in Bastron, and others (1960). Instrumental neutron activation

analysis is treated in Gijbles and Hertogen (1971) and in Gordon,

et al. (1969). Semi-quantitative 43 element emission

spectroscopy and X-ray fluorescence are discussed by Meyers and

others (1961) and Abbey (1972), respectively. The techniques for

partial chemical analyses are discussed at length in Maxwell

(1968) .

Determination of the total carbon content of our samples was

accomplished using an induction furnace, a LECO WR-12 carbon

analyzer, and Tillman's (1977) method. In most cases we analyzed

three splits of each sample and averaged the results. In some

instances resul'trs varied sufficiently to warrant assays on five

splits, with the high and low values excluded from the final

average. The procedure we used for measuring the amount of

inorganic carbon (carbonate) is similar to that of Kolpack and

Bell (1968) - a gasometric determination. Splits were acidified

with excess HC1 and the evolved gases bubbled through

concentrated H2 SO4 to remove water, using oxygen as a carrier.

A LEGO WR-12 was then used to measure the amount of CCU given

off. Three to five splits were measured/ as required. Pyrolitic

hydrocarbon yields were determined by George Claypool following

the method described in Merewether and Claypool (1980).

Physical Properties

Horizontal porosities and permeabilities in helium were

measured by Core Labs, Inc. Sample preparation for grain size

analyses followed the same procedures used to determine the

heavy/light mineralogies. Silt and clay fractions were separated

by wet sieving and measured with a hydrophometer using Jordan's

(1971) method. Gravel was screened and weighed directly and sand

fractions were analyzed using a two meter settling tube (Thiede

and others, 1976). These data were merged with the silt and clay

data and statistical parameters were calculated following the

methods of Folk and Ward (1957). Bulk density was measured by

weighing samples and observing their displacement of water.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Preliminary lithologic identificaions were done by David

Scholl and Hugh McLean. Age calls were in part based on fossil

identifications by David Bukry (coccoliths), David L. Jones

(pelecypods), John W. Miller (pelecypods ), Louie Marincovich

(pelecypods), and Stanley A. Kling (radiolaria). Paula yuinterno

assisted in the processing and inspection of samples for

microfossiIs. George Claypool performed pyrolytic hydrocarbon

analyses. We thank Hugh McLean for reviewing the manuscript and

we also thank Tracy Vallier for the lithologic descriptions, as

well as his guidance and advice.

REFERENCES CITED

Abbey, B. P., 1972, A refined fusion X-ray fluorescence technique

and determination of major and minor elements in silicate

standards: Amer. Mineralogist, vol. 57, p. 237-245.

Bastron, H., Barnett, T. R., and Murata, K. J., 1960, Methods for

the quantitative spectre-chemical analysis of rocks,

minerals, ores, and other materials by a power DC arc: U.S.

Geological Survey Bulletin 1O84-G, 165-182 p.

Biscaye, P. E., 1965, Mineralogy and sedimentation of recent

deep-sea clay in the Atlantic Ocean and adjacent seas and

oceans: Geol. Soc. Amer. Bull., v. 76, p. 803-831.

Dalrymple, G. C., and Lanphere, M. A., 1969, Potassium-argon

dating principles - techniques and applications to

geochronology: W. H. Freeman and Co., 258 p.

Folk, R. L., and Ward, W. C., 1957, Brazos River bar: A Study in

the significance of grain size parameters: Jour. Sed.

Petrology, v. 27, p. 3-26.

Galehouse, J. S., 1971, Point counting, in; Carver, R. E.,

(ed.), Procedures in Sedimentary Petrology: New York, Wiley

Interscience, 653 p.

Gijbles, R., and Hertogen, J., 1971, Instrumental neutron

activation analysis of rocks with a low energy photon

detector: Analytica Chemica Acta, vol. 56, p. 61-82.

Gordon, J. E., Randel, K., Gales, J. G. , Corliss, J. B., Benson,

N. H., and Oxley, S., 1969, Instrumental neutron activation

analysis of standard rocks with high resolution gamma-ray

detector: Geochemica et Cosmochemica Acta, vol. 32,

p. 369-396.

Hein, J., Scholl, D. W., and Gutmacher, C., 1976, Neogene clay

minerals of the far northwest Pacific and Southern Bering

Sea: Sedimentation and diagenesis, in; Bailey, S. W. (ed.),

AIPEA Proceedings, International Clay Conf. Mexico City/

p. 71-80.

Jordan, C. F., Jr., Fryer, G. F., and Hemmen, E. H., 1971, Size

analysis of silt and clay by hydrophotometer: Jour. Sed.

Petrology, v. 41, p. 489-496.

Kolpack, R. L. , and Bell, S. A., 1968, Gasometric determination

of carbon in sediments by hydroxide absorption: Jour, of

Sed. Petrology, vol. 38, no. 2, p. 617-62O.

Marlow, M S., Cooper, A. K., Scholl, D. W., Vallier, T. L. , and

McLean, H., 1979, Description of dredge samples from the

Bering Sea continental margin: U.S. Geological Survey Open-

File Report 79-1139.

Marlow, M. S., Scholl, D. W., Cooper, A. K., and Buffington, E.

C., 1976, Structure and evolution of Bering Sea shelf south

of St. Lawrence Island: American Associaton of Petroleum

Geologists Bulletin, v. 60, no. 2, p. 161-183.

iMaxwell, J. A., '1968, Rock and mineral analysis: New York, Wiley

Interscience, 584 p.

Merewether, E. A., and Claypool, G. E., 198O, Organic

composition of some Upper Cretaceous shale, Powder River

Basin, Wyoming: Amer. Assoc. of Petroleum Geologists, v. 64,

no. 4, p. 488-500.

Meyers, A. T., Havens, R. G., and Dunton, P. J., 1961, A spectro-

chemical method for the semi-quantitative analysis of rocks,

minerals, and ores: U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin 1084-1,

p. 207-229.

Thiede, J., Chriss, T., Clauson, M., and Swift, S. A., 1976, Settling

tube for size analysis of fine and coarse fractions of oceanic

sediments: Oregon State Univ. School of Oceanography, Reference

76-8, 87 p.

Tillman, J. H., 1977, A combustametric method for determining total

carbon content of geologic materials: Jour, of Research, U.S.

Geological Survey, vol. 5, no. 5, p. 583-587.

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1. Location of study area along Bering Sea Continental

margin.

Figure 2. Dredge site and seismic reflection profile correlation

Figure 3. Location of successful dredge stations.

"*v

lOO

M

*

MK

MU

TtC

d

Htl

f |

0 M

M)

10

0

10

0

(TIT

UT

I H

ll.f

l

o io

n ro

e M

O «o

o III

I.OM

TCM

Figure 1.

Location of study

area along the

Bering Se

a

continental margin.

DREDGE NO. 4

r-0

DREDGE DEPTH

1700-1550 M

3-

4-

- 1

- 2

\ tDAY/TIME MARKS

- 3

- 4

SEC

0i

5 KM

V.E.=8.7

Figure 2. Dredge'site-seismic profile correlation. The Julian day

and time logged by the time/depth recorder corresponds to a

specific latitude and longitude in the navigation data set.

By comparison against the seismic reconnaissance navigation,

this position can be converted into a unique Julian day and

time on the seismic profile. The dredge depth is read directly

from the recorder's log.

J ^

-i.168"

166*

Figure 3.

Location of

successful dredge stations.

Table 1. Dredge station locations

Station

L5-78-BS 1

1A

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1 1

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

70-B92*

*From Marlow

Latitude

56

56

56

56

56

57

57

57

58

58

58

58

58

-

59

59

59

59

59

59

58

59

°12.

°22 .

°25.

°51 .

°50.

°53.

°53.

°52.

°20 .

°20 .

0 19.

°27.

°28.

°03.

°38.

°36.

°47.

°33.

°36.

°06.

°33.

and others (

3'

0'

6'

1 '

5'

0'

1 '

0'

2'

1 '

73

5'

6'

3'

5'

9'

2 '

8'

2'

1 '

1 '

N

N

N

N

W

N

N

N

N

N

'N

N

N

N

N

N

N

N

N

N

N

Longitude

No

No

171

171

171

173

173

174

174

174

174

174

No

174

No

176

176

No

No

178

No

178

178

No

No

179

178

178

174

No

178

Recovery

Recovery

°42. 2'W

o

o

o

o

o

o

o

o

o

53.4'

53.5'

32.7'

31.4'

22.3'

22. 6'

25.0'

51.7'

51.6'

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

W

Depth (mete

2500

2000

1

1

1

1

1

550

500

600

600

250

1200

1450

1 400

-2700

-2200

-1700

-1700

-1850

-1900

-1500

-1250

-1800

-1550

Recovery

o 51.6' W 750 -1100

Recovery

o

o

51.9'

36. 5'

W

W 1

950

800

-1100

-2050

Recovery

Recovery

o 43. 1 ' W 1 500 -2500

Recovery

o

o

52.2'

49. 2'

W

W

1800

1 500

-2600

-2200

Recovery

Recovery

o

o

o

o

08.3 '

47.4'

38.8'

18.3'

W

W

W

W

2

1

1

000

800

750

800

-2800

-2500

-1800

-1650

Recovery

o 54.7' W 2400 -2600

1976)

13

Table 2.

Analyses conpleted on dredge ha

ul rocks, cr

uise

s L5-78-BS and 70-B92

(See

fo

otno

tes,

la

st pa

ge of ta

ble,

fo

r explanations of

abbreviations.)

Sam

ple

'

L5-7

8-B

S

2-1

2

-22

-3

2-4

2-5

2-6

2-8

2-9

2

-10

2-1

1

3-1

3-4

4-1

4-2

4-3

2 )

Lit

holo

gy

'

San

dy

nu

dst

on

e

Vo

le,

san

dst

on

eM

uds t

one

Dia

t.

mud

s tone

Dia

t.

sandy

mudst

one

(Mud

s to

ne)

Gla

uc.

sa

nd

y

mudst

one

Cla

yey

dia

tom

ite

(Not

det

erm

ined

)

Dia

t.

calc

are

ous

mudst

one

Vole

, sa

nd

sto

ne

Basa

lt

Mudst

one

Vole

, sa

ndst

one

(Mudst

one)

Min

eral

og

y

' G

eoch

emis

try

'

Age

M

etho

d3

* M

.A.

H L

X-r

ay

X E

N C

Late

O

lig

oce

ne

D x

x x

x X

Pal

eoce

ne

(?)

F x

x

Lat

e O

ligoce

ne

D x

x x

x O

ligoce

ne

or

D,Y

x

x x

earl

y

Mio

cene

Oli

goce

ne

or

U,Y

x

x x

earl

y

Mio

cen

e

Lat

e O

ligoce

ne

D x

x

Late

O

ligoce

ne

D x

xX

X

Late

O

lig

oce

ne

D x

x

X

X

XX

Oli

goce

ne

or

D,Y

x

x x

earl

y

Mio

cen

e

X

XX

Earl

y O

ligoce

ne

D

Physi

cal

pro

pert

ies

Por/

per

m

GZ

BD

xX

X

X X X

X

X

X X

X

4-4

4-5

Clayey

limestone

(Mud

ston

e)Oligocene or

ea

rly

Miocene

D,Y

Table

2.

(Continued)

Sample

'

L5-78-BS

4-6

4-7

5-1

5-2

5-3

5-4

5-5

5-7

5-10

6-2

6-3

6-5

6-7

6-12

7-3

7-3a

7-3b

7-5

Lithology2

*

Muds tons

Siltstone

Diat.

nudstone

Vole,

sandstone

Mudstone

(Dia

t. mu

dsto

ne)

Vole

, sandstone

Clayey limestone

Andesite tu

ff

Calc.

vole,

sandstone

Sand

y limestone

Vole,

sandstone

Silty

sandstone

(Dia

t. siltstone)

Diat.

nudstone

Mudstone

(Diat. mu

dsto

ne)

Mudstone

Mineralogy

' Geochemistry

' Physical properties

'

Age

Method

' M.

A.

H L

X-ray

X E

N C

Por/perm

GZ

BD

Late Oligocene(?)

D x

xXX

Latest Oligocene

D x

x x

x x

x Eocene

Y x

x x

Late Pliocene

D x

x Late Oligocene

D x

x Late Jurassic

P x

x x

x (Kimmeridgian)

Late middle

D x

Miocene

Earl

y Miocene or

Dxxxx

xx

xx

Late Oligocene

XX

X

Late Quaternary

Dxxxx

x Quaternary

D x

Late Oligocene orD

xxx

xx

x ea

rly

Miocene(?)

Late Oligocene to

D,Y

earl

y Miocene(?)

Earl

y mi

ddle

D

x x

x x

Miocene

xxx

xxx

Middle middle

UMiocene

Table 2

(Continued)

Sample

'

L5-78-BS

8-1

8-6

8-8

9-1

9-2

10-2

10-3

11-1

11-2

13-1

13-2

13-3

13-5

13-6

Lithology2)

(Dia

t. rflidstone)

Diat

. nudstone

Sandy siltstone

Diat

. mudstone

Glauc* di

at.

mudstone

Spilite

Spilite

Clayey limestone

Clayey limestone

(Sandstone)

(Muddy Sandstone)

Sandstone

Volcanic breccia

(tuf

f?)

(Pebbly sandstone)

Mineralogy

' Geochemistry

'Age

Method3

* M.A.

H L

X-ray

X E

N C

Latest Miocene

D,Y

x x

x x

or Pliocene(?)

Middle middle

D x

x x

Miocene

Quaternary

D

Latest middle

D x

x x

Miocene

Latest middle

D x

x x

Miocene

x x

x -

x

X

XXX

Middle middle

D x

Miocene

x

Middle Pliocene

DLate Pliocene

D x

x

Middle Pliocene

D

Late late Miocene

D

Phys

ical

pr

oper

ties

'

Por/

perm

GZ

BD x

X \ X

X X

13-9

to early

Pliocene

(Pebbly sandstone)

Late Pliocene

Tab

le

2.

(Co

nti

nu

ed)

Sample

1 )

L5-78-BS

15-3

15-5

15-6

15-7

16-1

16-3

16-4

16-6

16-7

16-9

16-1

216

-14

19-2

21-1

21-2

22-1

22-2

22-3

Lithology^)

Basalt

,

Basalt

Basalt

Basalt

(Mudstone)

Tuff

Vole, sandstone

Clayey limestone

Tuff

Mudstone

(Mudstone)

(Mudstone)

Diat

. mudstone

Siltstone

Vole

, sandstone

Sandstone

Glauc. sandstone

(Pebbly sandstone)

Mineralogy4

^ Geochemistry 5

* Physical properties6

*Age

Method3

) M.A.

H L

X-ray

X E

N C

Por/perm

GZ

BD

Early Eocene

K

x x

x x

(min

imum

)X

XXX

X

XXX

X

XXX

XX

XX

XX

X

XX

X

X

Late early or

S,F

xearly middle

Eocene

Eocene (?

) F

x x

xLate (?)

Eocene

F

Late Quaternary

D x

xXX

X

quaternary

D x

x

xLate Cretaceous

D x

xto Recent

Middle Miocene

D

Tab

le

2.

(Co

nti

nu

ed)

Sample

'

L5-78-BS

22-4

22-5

22-6

22-7

22-10

22-11

22-15

22-18

25-2

25-4

26-1

26-2

26-4

26-6

27-1

27-2

27-3

Lithology2

*

Siltstone **

Tuff

, limestone

Clayey limestone

Clayey li

mest

one

Rhyolite

Rhyolite

(Coarse-grained

sandstone)

Vole

, sandstone

Tuff

(Coa

rse

grained

sand

stone)

Vole,

sandstone

Mudstone

Tuff

Limestone

Sandy

siltstone

Tuff

Vole

, sandstone

Mineralogy

' Geochemistry

'

Age

Method3

* M.A.

H L

X-ray

X E

N C

Late Miocene or

D x

Quaternary,

Campanian or

S, Y

Maestrichtian

X

Campanian or

YMaestrichtian

Late Jurassic

S x

X

XXX

X

XXX

XX

XX

Quaternary

D

Early Piocene

D x

x x

x x

x x X

Paleogene

S,Y

(Paleocene?

)Cretaceo

us,

R,Y

Campanian or

Maestrichtian

XXX

XX

X

X

Physical Properties

'

Por/Perm

GZ

BD x x X

X X

X

X X X

Table

2.

(Continued)

Mineralogy4)

Sample'^

Lithology

'Age

Method.3)

M.A.

H L

X-ray

Geochemistry

'

X E

N C

Physical Properties6

^

For/Perm_____GZ_____BD

L5

-78

-BS

27-4

27-5

27

-6

28

-1

28

-2

28-3

70-B

92

-

3S

3-a

355-a

35

6-a

Volcanic

sandstone

Vole

, sandstone

(Mud

ston

e)

Diat.

nudstone

Diat.

mudstone

Diat.

calc

. sandstone

28-5

Clayey limestone

28-6

Clayey limestone

Brecciated

mudstone

Conglomerate

Mudstone

Paleogene

(Paleocene?)

Late Miocene

Early

Pliocene

Latest Miocene or

earliest Pliocene

Late(?)

Pliocene

to Holocene

Paleocene to

Eocene

Paleocene to

Eocene

Paleocene to

Eocene

S,Y

D,P

S,Y

S,Y

S,Y

1)

L5-78-BS designates 1978 R/V S.

P. LEE cruise; 70-B92 designates 1970 USNS BARTLETT cruise.

2)

Parentheses -

lithology

determined from hand specimen;

all

othe

rs from thin sections.

3)

D, di

atom

s; F,

fo

rami

nife

ra;

P, pelecypods;

K, potassium-argon dating;

S, silicoflagellates; R, radiolarians; Y,

palynomorphs (pollen, spores,

and

dinoflagellate cysts)*

4)

M.A.

, modal analyses of

thin sections;

H, L, heavy-light grain

counts;

X-ray

is of cl

ays.

5)

X, X-

ray

flourescence;

E, emission spectroscopy;

N, instrumental neutron activation an

alys

is;

C, carbon/carbonate an

alys

is*

6)

Por/

perm

, porosity and permeability; GZ,

grain

size;

BD,

bulk de

nsit

y.

Table 3.

Major components (%)

in thin sections of sedimentary rocks

Points

Sample

Counted F

eld. Quartz Am

ph.

L5-78-BS

4-2

514

31

2(Vole, sandstone)

5-2

503

28

1(Vole, sandstone)

5-5

504

20

1 1

(Vol

e, sandstone)

5-10

506

6(Andesite

tuff

)

6-2

514

10

1(Calc.

vole,

sand

ston

e)6-

3 509

10

1(S

andy

limestone)

16-3

506

9

T(Tuff)

22-2

494

5 8

T

(Gla

uc.

sand

ston

e)26-1

508

17

1 1

(Vol

e, sandstone)

27-2

51

2 22

T(Tuff)

27-3

506

11

10

Opaque 5 6 7 1 5 2 17

1 1 5 5

Glass

Vole.

Brown

2 6 1 2 14

1 3

5 T

11 2 33 9 4

Rk.

frag

s.Vole.

Met. Sed.

31

6 1

50 60

T

5 7 2

--

--

19 36

2

37

T 5

44

3 9

63

CO3

Glau

c. Cl

ay Matrix

Remarks

3

11

5% It.

green un

know

n.

Samp

lealtered.

T1)biotite

.

25%

fecal p

elle

ts.

Matrix =

clay,

glas

s.

Glass ro

unde

d, fr

esh.

T epidote, bi

otit

e*

T -

-

10

Matrix =

clay.

Tb±otite

.

73

Tuffaceous groundmass w/clasts

2 )

of tu

ff -

glass, op

, pl

ag,

(qtz

?).

T idote

.4

66

Groundmass =

CO,.

CO^

replacing fe

ldsp

ar.

3

79

Groundmass =

CO-j

.

26

17

Groundmass =

clay,

glas

s.

17

26

Matrix =

glass, op,

(pla

g, qtz?).

Tgarnet

-

1

3% ze

olit

e.

65%

of glass,

33%

of VRF3

are

fres

h.T e

pido

te*

1

8 Matrix

== cl

ay,

glas

s, pl

ag.

Sample al

tere

d.

l o

-

T

j_

* «

*(Vole,

sa

ndst

one)

1)

T =

trac

e amount

2)

Op =

opaque minerals

3)

VRF

= volcanic rock fragments

Table 4.

Major components (%)

in thin se

ctio

ns of

igneous

rock

s '

Points

Plagioclase

Sample

Counted

Phenos.

Laths

Opaque

Cpx.

Ol.

Glass

Biot.

Ep.

Chl.

Leuc.

Clay

Rema

rks

L5-78-BS

3-4

488

(Basalt)

10-2

519

(Spilite)

10-3

532

(Spi

lite

)

15-3

51

7(B

asal

t)

15-5

507

(Basalt)

15-6

500

(Bas

alt)

15-7

524

Basalt)

22-1

0 50

0 (Rhyolite)

22-1

1 508

(Rhy

olit

e)

1)

63%

plagioclase

25%

quartz

2-5%

clay

7-10

% opaque

27 17 21 23 25

43 52 52 65 37 44 54

88 groundmass

'

86 groundmass2

^

18

18

1

14 13

2)

66-78% plagioclase

10-2

0% quartz

5-7%

opaque

7%

glas

s

15

15

14

13

3)

Cpx

= clinopyroxene

Ol.

= olivine

Ep.

= epidote

Chl.

=

chlorite

Leuc.

= leucoxene

2 ~1

0% vesicles.

Ep.

replacing plag.,

chl.

replacing gl

ass.

As ab

ove.

6 Pl

ag.

lath

s *

microlites,

22

1% CO3

; 3%

of cl

ay replacing

olivine.

11

~2%

vesi

cles

.

7 ~3

% vesicles.

Clay replacing

cpx

and olivine.

2 1% nu

scov

ite.

Biotite pale brown

to cl

ear.

Table 5.

Heavy

mineral da

ta %

Points

Vole

. Altered

Fine

gr

. Me

ta-

CO3

Has.

Samp

le Counted Am

ph.

Cpx. Qpx» Ep.

Opaque Rk

.Fra

g. Rk.Frag. Rk.Frag. vo

le.

Frag.

Glass Biot.

Garnet Ch

l. Unknown

Other

L5-78-BS

2-1

314

57.3

8.

3 2.

9 5.

1 11.1

1.0

3.2

3.8

(Sandy mudstone)

2-4

346

34.4

8.7

4.3

5.5

14.7

5.8

9.2

4.3

(Diat. mu

dsto

ne)

2-5

456

23.0

3.

1 1.

3 0.

7 62.9

0.7

4.4

(Dia

t. sandy

mudstone)

2-8

343

56.8

9.9

3.2

4.7

6.7

1.5

7.3

(Gla

uc.

sand

y mudstone)

1.6

1.6

3.5

T*

4-6

335

38.2

0.3

1.8

2.1

27.8

(M

udst

one)

0.9

11.9

8.4

5-1

344

42.7 14.5

1.7

3.5

10.2

2.0

8.4

(Diat. mudstone)

5-2

422

25.6

4.3

0.2

0.9

60.4

0.2

3.6

(Vol

e, sandstone)

5-10

320

45.9 11

.9

1.2

9.2

11.3

4.7

3.1

(Andesite tuff)

6-2

301

46.5

6.3

0.3

4.6

21.9

2.6

4.3

3.0

(Calc. vole,

sandstone)

6-3

302

52.6

8.9

1.3

1.9

11.3

9.9

0.3

1.0

(Sandy limestone)

6-7

360

55.6

7.2

1.4

3.6

13.1

8.3

1.1

(Silty sandstone)

sphe

ne

2.0

8.7

2.3

Tsp

hene

,gla

uc.

0.2

1.5

2.2

0.3

0.3

6.1

2.6

Tzircon,gabbro

0.6

3.3

4.5

Tzircon,lampb.

1.2

2.0

7.0

6.4

T

0.9

2.2

1.9

4.7

5.9

2.7

1.3

3.0

2.3

1.0

0.3

6.6

4.6

0.6

2.2

2.2

4.7

T

sphene,zircon

Tzircon

1-°lampb,

sphe

ne

* T

= tr

ace

amount

Table 5.

(Continued)

Points

Vole

. Altered

Fine gr

. Me

ta-

CO3

Bas.

Sample Counted A

mph.

Cp

x. Opx. Ep.

Opaque Rk.Frag. Rk.Frag. Rk

.Fra

g. vole.

Frag«

Glass Biot«

Garnet Ch

l. Unknown

Other

L5-78-BS (Continued)

8-1

323

56.7/2.8

5.3

1.9

12.7

~

6.5

(Dia

t. mudstone)

8-6

330

60.6

3.0

0.3

3.6

12.7

0.3

5.4

(Dia

t. mudstone)

9-1

301

68.1

0.7

1.0

4.6

9.0

3.3

(Diat. mu

dsto

ne)

22-15

322

4.0

3.1

0.6

6.8

61.5

6.8

(Coarse-grained sandstone)

25-2

312

44.9

1.6

3.2

0.3

9.3

1.9

7.4

(Tuf

f)

26-1

363

41.0

3.3

0.8

1.7

27.0

1.9

4.4

(Vol

e, sandstone)

27-2

303

8.8

0.7

5.6

74.9

4.3

0.7

(Tuff)

6.0

7.6

0.3

7.3

10.2 8.3

0.3

10.3

3.6

10.7

0.3

2.8

1.9

3.7

0.3

1.5

1.2

3.3

1.3

1.3

2.3

T2±rcon

0.9

4.7

, 1.

2

2.9

0.6

4.5

0.3

1.6

1.4

1.1

1.0zircon

2.6

1.6

0.3

Tzircon

* T

= Trace amount

Table 6.

Light mineral da

ta (%

)

Points

Altered

Vole

. Al

t. Vo

le.

Vole.

Vole

. Rk.

Samp

le Counted Feldspar Feldspar yu

artz

Glass

Glass

Rk.Frag. Frag.w/Glass

L5-78-BS

2-1

351

43.3

11.1

0.6

2.8

3.1

(San

dy mu

dsto

ne)

"

2-8

413

57.6

14.3

1.2

0.7

15.3

8.7

0.2

(Glauc.

sand

y mu

dsto

ne)

5-1

337

22.0

10.4

12.5

1.5

0.6

(Diat. mudstone)

5-2

457

11.2

10

.9

53.8

21.7

(Vol

canic

muds

tone

)

5-10

305

54.4

5.6

1.6

29.2

8.2

(And

esit

e tu

ff)

6-3

328

18.0

6.7

0.3

12.2

2.7

Fine

Gr

. CCK

Altered

Sed.

Frag.

Unknown

Unknown

Other

35.3

2.6

1.1

1.2

0.2

0.5

52.2

0.3

0.6

1.3

1.1

0.7

0.3

17.1

42.4

0.3

0.3

(San

dy limestone)

6-7

358

42.2

10

.1

1.1

23.5

4.2

15.6

~

2.5

0.8

(Sil

ty sandstone)

8-1

373

30.8

5.4

0.3

33.0

1.3

27.6

0.3

1.3

(Dia

t. mu

dsto

ne)

Table 6.

(Con

tinu

ed)

Vole.

Alt. Vo

le.

Vole

. Vo

le.

Rk.

Fine

Gr.

CO3

Altered

Points

Altered

Sample Counted Feldspar Feldspar Quartz Glass__

___Glass___Rk.Frag. Frag.w/Glass___Sed

Frag.

Unknown

Unknown

Other


21-1

304

29.9

(Siltstone)

10.5

51.6

7.9

22-15

319

19.4

6.0

(Coa

rse

grained sandstone)

59.6

2.8

7.2

0.3

3.1

0.9

0.6

25-2

333

(Tuf

f)3.

30.

395

.50.9

26-1

298

24.2

(Vol

cani

c sa

ndstone)

6.0

1.0

60.4

6.4

1.7

0.3

27-2

370

(Tuf

f)48.9

3.2

37.0

0.3

10.3

0.3

Table 7. Clay mineral data

Sample % % % No. Kaol.+Chlor. Kaolinite Chlorite

L5-78-BS

2-1 27 3 24 (Sandy mudstone)

2-3 5 05 (Mudstone)

2-4 17 5 12 (Diat. mudstone)

2-5 ,14 5 9 (Diat. sandy mudstone)

2-6 21 8 13 (Mudstone)

2-9 15 4 11 (Clayey diatomite)

2-10 17 4 13 (Not determined)

2-11 16 2 14 (Diat. calc. mudstone)

4-1 14 59 (Mudstone)

4-5 18 4 14 (Mudstone)

% % % Illite In Illite Smectite Mixed Layer

26 47 69

2 93 89

17 66 70

20 66 75

49 30 59

16 69 65

18 65 70

16 68 62

12 74 70

17 65 65

5-1 26 9 17 32 42 62 (Diat. mudstone)

5-4 24 8 16 '18 58 70 (Diat. mudstone)

5-10 20 5 15 18 62 70 (Andesite tuff)

6-3 33 8 25 48 19 56(Sandy limestone) ' t

6-7 23 8 15 19 58 70 (Silty sandstone)

26

Table 7. Continued)

Sample % % % No. Kaol.+Chlor. Kaolinite Chlorite


7-3 7 25 (Diat. mudstone)

7-3a 13 4 9 (Mudstone)

7-3b 8 35 (Diat. mudstone)




9-2 19 6 13 (Glauc. diat. mudstone)

11-1 23 6 17 (Clayey limestone)

13-2 28 7 21

13-9 12 39 (Pebbly sandstone)

16-1 14 59 (Mudstone)

16-3 1 0 1 (Tuff)

16-6 9 27 (Clayey limestone)

16-12 10 37 (Mudstone)

% % % Illite In Illite Smectite Mixed Layer

4 89 84

15 72 75

7 85 85

23 63 75

21 60 70

22 57 70

19 62 70

37 49 56

50 21 75

20 68 75

9 77 76

0 99 96

3 88 69

8 82 75

19-2 24 (Diat. mudstone)

19 44 32 75

27

Table 7. (Continued)

Sample % % % % % % Illite In No._____Kaol.+Chlor. Kaolinite Chlorite Illite Smectite Mixed Layer

21-1 34 5 29 20 46 65 (Sandstone)

26-1 5 0 5 4 91 89(Vole, sandstone)

27-6 12 1 11 12 76 75

28-1 23 6 17 37 40 57(Diat. nudstone)

28

Table

8

. M

inor

and

tr

ace

ele

men

t g

eo

ch

em

istr

y

of

sed

imenta

ry

rock

s/

L5-7

8-B

S

Element

(ppm

)

*Ti

Mn

B BaCoCr

Cu

Ni Sc

Sr

V Y Zn

GaYb

*(in wt.

Samples

2-4

0.4

910

220

510 11 71 32

23 13

150 96

26 100 122.9

%)

were also

2-6

1 0.66

190

200

730 16 83 47 47 20

150

200 19

140

205.2

tested fo

r, Ag BeCd

La

Mo

4-1

0.59

1300

280

550 11 83 50 32 16

180

130

26 130 184.6

but found

(2)

(2)

(14)

(14)

(4)

4-2

4-7

0.52

0.63

910

270

23

80

570

670

21

1835

36

38

43

24

2122

18

310

300

180

180

19

16

100

110

19

174.0

2.8

below detection

Mb (2

0)Pb (1

4)Sn (4

)Ge (1

4)Li

(4

00)

5-1

0.51

310

160

680 13 97 30 38 18

200

150

24 100 15 4.2

limits

5-5

0.69

640 30

610 17 25 59 16 22

710

160

28 100

224.6

7-3

0.33

180

180

430 855 30 20 18

120 87

24 69 8 3.4

9-2 0.37

180

210

550 874 37 25 12

150

100

21 82 102.8

26-1 0.63

310

110

470 18 56 32 22 20

390

155

30 87 18 4.7

27-2

0.83

300 57

440 19 48 30 22 27

430

190

27 120

235.4

27-6

0.71

270

160

540 19 86 57 37 23

270

220 28

120

215.8

(in parentheses) of

:

29

Table 9. Minor and trace element geochemistry of igneous rocks, L5-78-BS

PPM 1 )

Co

CsHf

SbTaTh

UZnSC

LaCeNd

SmEuGd

TbHoTm

YbLu Sr 2 >

Zr 2 > Y 2)Ba 2 >

Nb 2) Rb 2 >B 3 >

Cu 3 > Pb 3 >V3)

Sample No.3-4

basalt

45.75<0.8

3.1

<0.81.2951.8

0.5,0.110223.9

142916.5

4.61.3854.4

.7350.70.585

1.90.27

406

106 20

240

24 8

<10

2.0 39 47

230

10-2 spilite

36.5<1 .0

2.3

0.6<0.60.4

0.69141.90

617

9

4.41.294.1

0.870.80.46

3.00.51

132

78 25 80

5 2

19

1.420

400

10-3 spilite

35.1<1 .0

2.3

<2.0<0.60.6

0.58543.60

61611

4.01.283.4

0.811.00.66

2.90.45

120

76 28

104

<52

10

1.4 15

360

15-3 basalt

19.752.23.1

0.70.3052.8

1.6510822.45

143221.5

5.01.3854.6

0.6951.150.505

2.50.39

524

107 26

556

<55036

2.199

270

15-5 basalt

30.40.71.95

<1.00.3651.25

0.958133.2

6.515.511

2.90.8853.9

0.450.550.285

1.90.285

325

63 21

230

<522

00

1.6

92

270

15-6 basalt

37.051.252.1

0.5,<1.00.381.25

1.457835.1

7.517.512

3.450.9952.95

0.550.550.48

2.10.325

354

80 21

236

27 2910

1.5 220

300

15-7 basalt

28.11.22.2

0.60.261.45

1.25129.529.65

12.524.515.5

4.351.1354.3

0.7251.00.54

2.450.36

396

67 25

416

32 2023

1.551

220

22-10 22-11 rhyolite rhyolite

3.40.552.15

<0.3,0.20.151.25

0.859.52.225

511

6

1.450.44

1.2,<2.0

0.15<0.3,<0.40.06

0.30.04

827

78 5

269

<516

<10

2.0 4.8

35

3.30.8

2.25

0.150.16

0.95

0.75

2to.7

1 .49

410

6

1.4

0.415

1.0,<2.0

0.115

<0.3<0.08

0.20.03

832

79

5

280

<520

<10

1.8 5.1

26

1) Determined by Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis except where noted by 2) and 3).

2) Determined by X-ray fluorescence3) Determined by Emission Spectroscopy-yuantitative Direct Reader.

30

Table

1

0.

Maj

or

and

m

ino

r o

xid

e

geo

ch

em

istr

y

of

ign

eo

us

rock

s,

L5-7

8-B

S

(See

T

ab

le

7 fo

r m

od

al analy

ses.)

Oxide

(wt.

%)

Si°2

Ti02

A12°

3

*Fe2°3

FeO

CaO

MgO

Na2°

P2°5

MnO

H20+

H2°"

co2

3-4

basalt

49.27

2.00

15.0

0

4.23

6.19

9.17

8.50

3.58

0.95

0.28

0.130

0.30

0.87

0.09

0.043

10-2

spilite

49.31

1.72

15

.85

6.35

4.33

7.47

4.11

4.61

0.05

0.23

0.216

4.13

1.57

0.09

0.025

10-3

spilite

49.39

1.71

15.78

6.38

4.30

8.15

4.40

4.94

0.03

0.21

0.199

2.70

1.64

0.06

0.023

Sample No

.15-5

basalt

51.18

0.95

17.3

0

3.61

4.22

10.41

6.30

3.42

1.03

0.23

0.107

0.75

1.76

0.07

0.033

15-6

basalt

52.43

1.02

18.54

3.66

2.80

10.65

4.93

3.74

1.34

0.31

0.142

0.64

1.30

0.05

0.033

15-7

basalt

52.28

0.84

17.3

4

4.64

5.49

9.30

4.71

3.29

1.08

0.40

0.144

0.91

2.13

0.08

0.008

22-10

rhyolite

71.44

0.20

16.05

0.44

0.82

2.48

0.94

6.11

1.

32

0.07

0.016

0.42

0.10

0.07

0.002

22-11

rhyolite

71.04

0.20

15.8

3

0.61

1.

16

2.47

1.08

6.03

1.37

0.07

0.020

1.25

0.14

0.04

0.002

NiO

0.0

190

0.0

055

0.0

05

00

.09

75

0.0

065

0.0

03

00

.00

35

0.0

03

0

valu

e

corr

ecte

d

fro

m

FeT

O-j

valu

e

usi

ng:

corr

ecte

d-

FeO

(1

/.9

).

31

Table 11. Carbon-carbonate data

% Inorg.Sample % Total CarbonNo. Carbon (Avg. )

L5-78-BS

2-1 0.327 0.057(Sandy mudstone)

2-2

(Vole, sandstone)2-3 0.293 0.078(Mudstone)

2-4 0.251 0.037(Diat. mudstone)

2-5 0.702 0.049(Diat. sandy siltstone)

2-6 0.604 0.564(Mudstone)

2-9 0.527 0.077(Clayey diatonite)

2-10 0.212 0.071(Not determined)

2-11 7.030 6.678(Diat. calc. mudstone)

4-1 0.871 0.076(Mudstone)

4-2

(Vole, sandstone)4-5 0.807 0.042(Mudstone)

4-6 0.512 0.070(Mudstone)

4-7 0.842 0.066(Siltstone)

4-7

5-1 0.541 0.066(Diat. nudstone)

5-3 0.293 0.070(Mudstone)

5-4 0.202 0.057

% Org. Total Vol. Pyrol.Carbon Pyrol. Hydro. HC Org.(Avg.) Hydro. Carb. C. %

Yield (VHC)(TPHC)% ppm

0.270

0.14 0.005 4.0 4.2

0.215 0.02 25 4.6

0.214

0.653 0.027 67** 4.2

0.040

0.450

0.141

0.352

0.795 0.031 104** 3.9

0.05 0.003 6.0 6.1

0.765 0.035 96** 4.7

0.442

0.776 0.01 17 9.0

0.16

0.475

0.223

0.145

Temp . VHCP TPHC0 II

C

504

480 0.13

442 0.25

461 0.34

496

453 0.27

484

(Diat. mudstone)

32


% Inorg. % Org. TotalSample % Total Carbon Carbon Pyrol.No. Carbon (Avg. ) (Avg. ) Hydro.

Yield (TPHC)%

Vol. Pyrol. Temp. VHC HydroHC Org. P TPHC Garb. C. % ° II (VHC) C

PPM________ ____ ___


5-5 0.242 0.067 0.175(Vole, sandstone)

5-5 0.27

0.02 6.3 472

5-7 7.964 7.864 (Clayey limestone)

5-10 0.185 0.065 (Andesite tuff)

6-2 3.627 3.438 (Calc. vole, sandstone)

6-3 7.030 6.921 (Sandy limestone)

6-7 0.194(Silty sandstone)

7-3a 0.856 (Mudstone)

7-3b 0.412 (Diat. mudstone)

8-1 0.417 (Diat. mudstone)

8-6 0.248 (Diat. mudstone)

9-1 0.457(Diat. mudstone)

9-2 3.210

0.041

0.051

0.051

0.093

0.049

0.043

0.075(Glauc. diat. mudstone)

11-1 8.387 7.370

11-2 8.924 7.865(Clayey limestone)

13-2 0.380 0.101

13-9 0.351 0.108(Pebbly sandstone)

0.100

0.120

0.189

0.109

0.153

0.805

0.361

0.324

0.199

0.414

3.135

1.017

1.059

0.279

0.24

0.078

0.028

0.027

193** 2.5

79** 2.8

63** 2.6

440 0.25

452 0.28

448 0.23

33


Sample % TotalNo. Carbon


16-1 0.843(Mudstone)

16-3 0.177(Tuff)

16-4

(Vole, sandstone)16-6 7.955

(Clayey limestone)16-7

(Tuff)16-9 0.895

(Mudstone)16-12 0.850

(Mudstone)19-2 0.230

(Diat. mudstone)21-1 0.597

(Vole, sandstone)21-2

(Glauc. sandstone)22-4 0.765

22-5 9.413(Tuff limestone)

22-7 7.899(Clayey limestone)

26-1 0.355(Vole, sandstone)

26-2 0.468(Mudstone)

26-4 6.939(Tuff)

27-2 0.086(Tuff)

27-3 0.076

% Inorg.Carbon(Avg. )

0.068

0.065

0.04

2.726

0.03

0.076

0.099

0.115

0.057

0.062

9.266

7.066

0.142

0.044

6.031

0.067

0.061

% Org.Carbon(Avg. )

0.775

0.112

0.73

5.229

0.74

0.819

0.751

0.115

0.540

0.24

0.703

0.147

0.833

0.213

0.424

0.908

0.019

0.015

Total Vol. Pyrol.Pyrol. Hydro. HC Org.Hydro. Garb. C. %Yield (VHC)(TPHC)% ppm

0.029 52** 3.8

0.02 9 2.5

0.047 72** 0.9

0.02 7 2.4

0.04 38 4.9

0.02 20 4.6

0.12 14 5.0

0.059 403** 8.5

0.012 18** 1.5

0.01 13 3.3

0.028 171** 3.1

Temp . VHCP TPHC

0 IIC

456 0.18

474 0.05

452 0.15

480 0.04

478 0.10

516 0.10

480

460 0.68

473 0.15

480 0.13

0.61

(Vole, sandstone,)

34

Table 11 (Continued)

% Inorg. % Org. Total Vol. Pyrol. Temp. VHCSample % Total Carbon Carbon Pyrol. Hydro. HC Org. P TPHCNo. Carbon (Avg.) (Avg.) Hydro. Garb. C. % ° II

Yield (VHC) C

_____ ______ ______ _____ (TPHC)% ppm ______ ____ ___


27-5 0.156 0.068(Vole, sandstone)

27-6 0.606 0.051

28-1 0.339 0.056(Diat. rrudstone)

28-3 5.887 4.943(Diat. calc. sandstone)

28-5 8.406 7.198(Clayey limestone)

0.088

0.555

0.283

0.944

1.208

0.02

0.031

0.101

11 4.6 502 0.06

104** 3.4 452 0.34

311** 8.4 444 0.31

70-B92

3S3* 0.41(Brecciated mudstone)

3S5* 0.25(Conglomerate)

3S6 0.786 0.011 0.775(Mudstone)

*From Marlow and others (1976)**^uestionable value. May be contaminated from sample preparation,

35

Table 12. Bulk density data

L5-78-BS

2-24-2

5-55-10

fa- 58-8

13-2

13-3

16-621-222-4

22-6

22-7

22-18

27-1

27-227-327-5

70-B92

3S3*

3S5*

Wt. ingrams

208.40127.67

143.8724.05

101.32157.90

163.22

9.75

355.85243.40

8.86

5.32

570.98

217.18

362. 76

156.00759.4642.57

Displacementin c.c.

88.555.0

49.913.5

38.567.0

70.0

3.7

140.0101.0

4.0

2.25

231.0

93.0

190.0

67.5369.017.6

Densityin g/cc

2.352.32

2.881.78

2.632.34

2.33

2.63

2.542.412.22

2.36

2.47

2.34

1.91

2.312.062.42

2.05

2.18

Lithology

vol.ss.vol.ss.

vol. ss.andesite

tuff

Vol. ss.sandysiltst.

micriticIs.

sandstone

clayey Is.sandstonemuddy Is .

clayey Is.

clayey Is.

calc.vol. ss.

sandysiltst.

tuffvol. ss.vo 1 . s s .

brecciatedmuds tone

conglomerate

Age

___(Barren)

Late Jur.E. Mio. or Late Olig.

Late Plio. or yuat.yuat.

Late Plio.

(Barren)

(Barren)(Barren)Camp, or Maes.

(No diatoms)Camp, or Maes.

(No diatoms )Late Jur.

(no diatoms )

Camp, or Maes .(No diatoms )

Paleoc. to Eoc.

; Paleoc. to Eoc.

*From Marlow and others, (1976)

36

Table 13

. Grain size data

Sample No

. %

L5-78-BS

2-1

(San

dy mudstone)

2-3p

(Mudstone w/clast)

2-8

(Glauc.

diat.

mudstone)

5-1

(Diat. mudstone)

5-10

(And

esit

e tuff)

6-7

(Sil

ty sandstone)

7-3

(Diat. mudstone)

7-3a

(Mudstone)

7-3b

(Diat. mudstone)

16-3

(Tuf

f)22

-1

(Sandstone)

26-1

(Vole, sandstone)

Gravel

% Sand

14

1.83

0

43 15 38 82 7 8 7

67 61 70

.03

.05

.73

.84

.02

.00

.02

.97

.05

.00

.00

.00

% Silt

64.80

60.70

40.77

48.78

40.96

16.12

59.77

58.31

78.06

24.75

32.23

21.38

% Clay

Median

(<}>)

21.17

37.42

15.50

35.39

21.01

1.88

33.21

32.72

14.89

8.26

6.77

8.62

6. 7. 4. 6. 4. 3. 7. 7. 6. 2. 2. 3.

42 24 69 77 52 16 04 10 40 76

74 02

Mean

( <j>

)

6.47

7.56

5.20

7.15

5.44

3.34

7.30

7.23

6.25

3.47

3.65

3.87

Sorting

2.50

2.82

2.82

3.10

2.92

1.55

2.85

2.83

2.03

3.02

2.67

2.60

Skewness

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

.153

.225

.291

.231

.507

.262

. 18

9

.154

.064

.383

.475

.515

Kurtosis

1.247

0.959

1.056

0.814

0.885

2.641

1.008

0.954

1.410

0.874

0.832

1. 180

Table 14. Porosity and permeability data

Sample Lithology

No.

Porosity Permeability

(%) (Millidarcy) Age

L5-78-BS

2-4 Diat. mudstone

2-5 Diat. sandy mudstone

2-8 Glauc. diat. mudst.

2-11 Diat. calc. mudst.

4-3 Mudstone

5-3 Mudstone

5-10 Andesite tuff

6-7 Silty sandstone

7-3 Diat. mudstone

9-2 Glauc. diat. mudst.

16-12 Mudstone

22-2 Glauc. sandstone

27-1 Sandy siltst./vole.ss.

28-1 Diat. mudstone

68.3

40.9

53.1

45.1

46.9

22.0

50.7

61.1

57.4

34.4

57.0

70.6

55.9

54.5

5.46

0.92

0.97

1.25

9.67

1.49

19.00

1.75

1.67

29.00

0.77

8.43

3.61

1.35

Late Olig.

Olig. or early Mio.

Late Olig.

Late Olig.

Early Olig.

Late Plio.

Late Olig. or e. Mio.

Late Olig. or e. Mio.

Early mid. Mio.

Latest mid. Mio.

Eocene(?)

Late. Cret. to Recent.

Camp, or Maest.

Late Miocene

70-B92

3S3* Brecc. mudstone

3S5* Conglomerate

21

17

Paleo. or Eoc.

Paleo. or Eoc.

*From Marlow and others (1976)

38

Table 15. Age calls

Age Call Summary*

(D) = diatoms (Barren)(F) = foraminifera (Arnal)(Y) = pollen, spores, and/or dinoflagellates (Wingate)(P) = pelecypods (Jones, Miller, or Marincovich)(K) = potassium-argon date(S) = silicoflagellates (Barren)(R) = radiolarians (Kling)(C) = coccoliths (Burky)

Sample No. Age

2-1 Late Oligocene (D) (S)2-3 Paleocene (?) (F)2-4 Late Oligocene (D) (S)2-5 Early Miocene (D)

Oligocene to early Miocene (Y)2-6 Earliest Miocene (D)

Oligocene to early Miocene (Y)2-8 Late Oligocene (D) (S)2-9 Late Oligocene (D) (S)2-11 Late Oligocene (D) (S)4-1 Early Oligocene (?) (D)

Oligocene to early Miocene (?) (Y)4-3 Early Oligocene (?) (D)4-5 Early Oligocene (?) (D)

Oligocene to early Miocene (?) (Y)4-6 Early Oligocene(?) (D)5-1 Latest Oligocene (D)5-2 Eocene (Y) 5-3 Late Pliocene w/reworked Miocene (D)5-4 Late Oligocene (D)5-5 Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) (P)5-7 Late middle Miocene (D)5-10 Early Miocene or late Oligocene (D)6-3 Late Quaternary (D)6-5 Late Pliocene or ^maternary (D) 6-7 Late Oligocene or early Miocene (?) (D)6-12 Late Oligocene (D)

Oligocene to early Miocene (?) (Y)7-3 Early middle Miocene (D)7-5 Middle middle Miocene (D)

See faunal lists and lithologies, p. 40 to p. 67,

39

Table 15. (continued)

Age Call Summary (Continued)

Sample No. Age

8-1 Latest Miocene (D) Pliocene (?) (Y)

8-6 Middle middle Miocene (D)8-8 Quaternary (D)9-1 Latest middle Miocene (D) (S)9-2 Latest middle Miocene (D)11-1 Middle middle Miocene (D)13-1 Middle Pliocene (D)13-2 Late Pliocene (D)13-5 Middle Pliocene (D)13-6 Late late Miocene to early Pliocene (D)13-9 Late Pliocene (D)15-3 Early Eocene (minimum) (K)16-9 Late early or early middle Eocene (C)

Eocene (?) (F) 16-12 Eocene (?) (F) 16-14 Late(?) Eocene (F) 19-2 Late Quaternary (D) 22-2 Late Cretaceous to Recent (D) 22-3 Middle Miocene (D) 22-4 Campanian or Maestrichtian (Y) 22-6 Campanian or Maestrichtian (Y) 22-7 Late Jurassic (Y)25-4 Quaternary (D)26-1 Early Pliocene (D)26-6 Paleogene (probably Paleocene) (Y)27-1 Campanian or Maestrichtian (Y)

Cretaceous (R)27-4 Paleogene (probably Paleocene) (Y)28-1 Late Miocene (D) 28-2 Early Pliocene (D) 28-3 Latest Miocene or earliest Pliocene (D) 28-6 Early Quaternary (D)

Late(?) Pliocene to Holocene (P)

BARTLETT addenda

70-B92-3S3 Paleocene to Eocene (Y)70-B92-3S5 Paleocene to Eocene (Y)70-B92-3S6 Paleocene to Eocene (Y)

40

Table 16. Source of Age Calls

L5-78-BS 2-1 (sandy nudstone)

Diatom species include:

Asteromphalus symmetricus Schrader and FennerCestod-isous muhlnae JouseC. pulahellus GrevilleCosoinodisaus tuberculatus var. atlantica Gleser

and JouseHemiaulus polyoystinorum Ehrenberg MelosifVL arahiteaturalis Brun Pseudotriceratiwn chenevieri (Meister) Gleser P. aff. chenevieri (Meister) Gleser Stictodiscus kittonianus Greville Synedni miocenica Schrader Thalassiosira cf. irregulata Schrader

Silicoflagellate species include:

Diatyoaha deflandrei deflandrei GleserDistephanus crux daruinii BukryD. speculum (Ehrenberg) Haeckel (cannopilean)Mesooena apieulata (schulz) HannaNaviculopsie biapiculata (Lemmermann) Frenguelli

Age: Late Oligocene

L5-78-BS 2-3 (mudstone)

Foraminifera species include:

Armodisaus cf. incertus A . penny-i Bathysiphon sp. Hyperammina elongata f^iabdammina eoceniaa

Age: Paleocene (?)

41


L5-78-BS 2-4 (diatomaceous mudstone)


Asteromphalus symmetricus Schrader and Fenner Cestodiscus muhinae Jouse C. pulchellus GrevilleCymatosirvL compacta Schrader and Fenner Hemiaulus polyeystinorum Ehrenberg Melosira architecturalis Brim Pseudotriceratium chenevieri (Meister) Gleser P. aff. chenevieri (Meister) Gleser Stictodiseus kittonianus Greville Synedra miocenica Schrader


Dictyocha deflandrei defiandrei, GleserDistephanus speculum (Ehrenberg) Haeckel (cannopilean)Mesocena apiculata (Schulz) HannaNaviculopsis biapioulata (Lemmermann) Frenguelli

Age: Late 'Oligocene

L5-78-BS 2-5 (diatoraaceous sandy mudstone)


Actinocyclus ehreribergii var. tenella (Brebisson) HustedtCymatosira sp.Coscinodisous vigilans schmidtHemiaulus polycystinorum EhrenbergThalassiosira spinosa SchraderT. spinosa var. aspinosa SchraderT. fraga Schrader

Age: Early Miocene

42


L5-78-BS 2-5 (Continued)

Pollen and spore species include:

Baculatisporites sp. cf. Osmunda Caryapollenites sp. Laevigatosporites sp. Lycopodiumsporites sp. My^i-oipites sp. flyssapollenites sp. 1 Pinaceae (bisaccates) Pterocaryapollenites sp. Stereisporites sp. Taxodiaceaepollenites hiatus Tricolporopollenites sp. 1 (microreticulate) T. sp. cf. Castanea Tsugaepollen-ites sp.(Pollen comparable to the extant genera Alnusf

Betula, and Ulmus. )

Age: Oligocene to early Miocene



ActinocyQlus ehreribergii var. tenella (Brebisson)Hustedt

Cestodiscus pulGhellus Greville Cymatosira robustus Schrader and Fenner Hemiaulus polycystinorian Ehrenberg Rooella gel-Ida (Mann) Bukry Fhalassiosira spinosa var. aspinosa Schrader

Age: Earliest Miocene

43


L5-78-BS 2-6 (Continued)


Baculatisporites sp. cf. Osmunda Caryapollen-ites sp. Erioipites sp. Laevigatosporites sp. Lycopodiumsporites sp. Myrioipites sp. Nyssapollenites sp. 1 and 2 Pinaceae (bisaccates) Pterocaryapollenites sp. Stereisporites sp. Taxodiaceaepollenites hiatus Trioolporopollen-ites sp. 1 (microreticulate) !T. sp. cf. Castanea Tsugaepollenites sp.(Pollen comparable to the extant genera Alnust Betula,

Juglans, and Ulnws. )

Age: Oligocene to early Miocene

L5-78-BS 2-8 (glauconitic sandy nudstone)


Cestodiscus cf. pulehellus Greville Goniothecium odontella Ehrenberg Henriaulus polycystinorum Ehrenberg Hyalodiscus dentatus Korotkevicz Pseudotriceratium chenevieri (Meister) Gleser Synedru miooenioa Schrader

Silicoflagellate species:

Diatyocha deflandrei deflandrei, Gleser

Age: Late Oligocene

44


L5-78-BS 2-9 (clayey diatomite)


Asteromphalus symmetricus Schrader and FennerCestodiseus muhinae JouseC. pulehellus GrevilleHemiaulus polycystinorum EhrenbergPseudotrieeratium chenevieri (Meister) GleserP. aff. chenevieri (Meister) GleserStietodiseus kittonianus GrevilleSynedra mioeeniea SchraderTkalassiosira cf. irregulata Schrader


Dietyocha deflandrei deflandrei GleserDistephanus crux darwinii BukryD. speculum (Ehrenberg) Haeckel (cannopilean)Mesocena apiculata (Schulz) HannaNaviculopsis biapiculata (Lemmermann) Frenguelli

Age: Late Oligocene

L5-78-BS 2-11 (calcareous nudstone)


Cestodiseus rwhinae Jouse Hemianlus polycystinorum Ehrenberg Pseudotriceratium chenevieri (Meister) Gleser Stictodiscus kittonianus Greville Synedru mioceniea Schrader


Dietyocha deflandrei deflandrei Gleser Mesocena apieulata (Schulz) Hanna

Age: Late Oligocene

45




Cocconeie sp. (w/a raphe)Coscinod-iscus oligocen-icue Schrader and Fenner 1976Pyrgupyxie sp.Stephanopyxis grunowi Grove and SturtS. euperba (Greville) Grunow5. cf. hyalomarginata HajosS. cf. oamarueneie HajosResting spores

Age: Early Oligocene (?)


Caryapollen'ites sp. Laevigatoeporitee sp. Pinaceae (bisaccates) Pter'ocaryapollen'ites sp. Stereisporites sp. Taxod'iaceaepol'ien'itee hiatus Tsugaepollenites sp.(Pollen corrparable to the extant genera Alnus, Betula,

and Ulmue.)

Dinoflagellate cyst:

Deftandrea sp. Dinoflagellate sp. 1

Age: Oligocene to early Miocene (?)


Diatom species include: (same as 4-1)

Cocconeis sp. (w/a raphe)Coscinodiscus oligocenicus Schrader and Fenner 1976Pyrgupyxis sp.Stephanopyxis grunowi Grove and Sturt5. superba (Greville) Grunow5. cf. hyalomarginata Hajos5. cf. oamaruensis HajosResting spores


46




Eunotiaf?) sp. (freshwater) Stephanopyxis grunowi Grove and Sturt S. superba (Greville) Grunow S. cf. hyalomarginata Hajos 5. cf. oamaruensis Hajos Resting spores


Pollen and spore species include: (same as 4-1)

Caryapollenites sp. Laewigatosporitee sp. Pinaceae (bisaccates) Pterocaryapollen-ites sp. Stereisporites sp. Taxodi-aceaepollenitee hiatus Tsugaepollen'Ltes sp.(Pollen comparable to the extant genera Alnu63 Betula,

and Ulmus. )


Deflandrea sp. Dinoflagellate sp. 1




Stephanopyxie oamaruensie HajosS. grunowi Grove and Sturt5. hyalomarginata HajosS. superba (Greville) GrunowCo6ci,nodi,6CU8 radiatus EhrenbergXanthiopyxis cf. acrolopha FortiCoseinod-iscue cf. moelleri var. macroporus GranResting spores


47




Asteromphalus oligooen-ious Schrader and FennerCeetodisous muhinae JouseC. pulchellus GrevilleCymatosira compaeta Schrader and FennerHemiaulue polycyetinorum EhrenbergMelosira architecturalis BrunPeeudotrioeratium chenevieri (Meister) GleserRooetla gelida (Mann) Bukry (common)Synedra miocenica SchraderThdlass'ios'i'KL -iwegulata SchraderT. spinoea var. asp-inosa Schrader

Age: Latest Oligocene.

L5-78-BS 5-2 (volcanic sandstone)

(mostly non-marine)


Caryapollenites verpites (Wilson and Webster)Nichols and Ott 1978

Engelhardtioidites sp.Momipites coryloidee Wodehouse emend. Nichols 1973 M. tenuipolue Anderson 1960 Pistill'ipo'llen'ites magregorii Rouse 1962 Platycaryapollentites sp.Polyvestibulopollenites eoaaenicus Krutzsch and Vanhoorne 1977 Thompsonipollis sp. cf. T. arockettensie Elisk 1974 Tiliaepollenites sp. cf. Til-la orase-ip-ites Wodehouse 1933 -iliaepollen-ites sp. cf. Intratriporopollenitee

microreticulatus Mai 1961Tiliaepollenites sp. cf. Tilia veec-ipites Wodehouse 1933 Tr-icolpites reticulatus Cookson 1947Trioolporopollenitee crucicingulum Krutzsch and Vanhoorne 1977 T. sp. cf. T. kr>usohii Elisk 1968 T. retic-ingulum Krutzsch and Vanhoorne 1977 (Pollen comparable to the extant genera Alnus, Betula,

Castanea, Ilex, Nyssa, Pterocarya, Liquidambar,and Salix, occasional to common.)t


Wetzeliella articulata Eisenack 1938

Age: Eocene

48




Actinocyclue ehrenbergii RalfsCymatoei-ra sp. (reworked)Synedra Joueeana Sheshukova-Poretekaya (reworked)Denticulopsis hustedti-i (Simonsen and Kanaya) Simonsen

(reworked)Coecinodiecus temperei Brun (reworked) C. plicatus Grunow (reworked) Triceratium condecorum Ehrenberg (reworked) Denticutopsie seminae var. fossitie (Schrader) Simonsen Fhalassiosira cf. trifulta Fryxell T. gr»avida Cleve Actinocyclus oculatus Jouse Stephanopyxis horridus Koizumi

Age: Late Pliocene w/reworked Miocene



Ceetodiscus muhinae JouseC. pulchellue GrevilleCoscinodiscus tuberculatus var. atlantica Gleser and JouseCymatosir'a robueta Schrader and FennerHemiaulus polycystinorum EhrenbergMelosira cf. architectural.!,s BrunPseudotriceratium chenewLeri, (Meister) GleserSceptroneis tenue Schrader and FennerSynedra jouseana Sheshukova-Poretzkaya var.

(Thalassionema hirosdkiensis of Schrader and Fenner 197b) Fhalaesiosira iwegulata Schrader Tr>ice-r*atium cruciforme Schimdt

Age: Late Oligocene

L5-78-BS 5-5 (volcanic sandstone) [Jones and Miller]

Pelecypod species:

Buchip. rugosa Fischer

Age: Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian)

49

Table 16. (continued)

L5-78-BS 5-7 (clayey limestone)


Aetinocyelus ingens RattrayCoscinodiecus plisatus GrunowC. tempered Brun (old variety)Denticulopsis antarctica (McCollum) simonsenD» hustedtii- (Simonsen and Kanaya) SimonsenD. lauta (Bailey) SimonsenD, praedimorpha (Akiba) BarrenMediaria splendid Sheshukova-PoretzkayaNitzsehia heteropolioa SchraderStepanopyxis schenckii, Kanaya

Age: Late middle Miocene

L5-78-BS 5-10 (andesite tuff)


Cestodisous cf. muhinae JouseC. pulchellus GrevilleC» spp.Cosc-inodiseus aff. marginatue of Schrader 1976Cymatosira spp.Stietodisous kittonianus Greville

Age: Early Miocene or late Oligocene.

L5-78-BS 6-3 (sandy limestone)


Baeteriosira fragilis GranDenticulopsis seminae (Simonsen and Kanaya) SimonsenD. seminae var. fossilis (Schrader) SimonsenThalassiosi-r'a excentriea var. jouseae (Kanaya) KoizumiT. kyrophilia (Grunow) JoergensenT, nidulus (Tempere and Brun) Jouse

Age: Late Quaternary

50




Bacteriasira fragilis GranDenticulopsie seminae var. fossilie (Schrader) simonsenNitzechia sp.Porosira glacialis (Grunow) JoergensenThalassiosira excentrica var. jouseae (Kanaya) KoizumiT. gravida cleveT. hyalina (Grunow) Grunow

Age: Late Pliocene or quaternary

L5-78-BS 6-7 (silty sandstone)


Cestodiscus muhinae JouseC. pulchellus GrevilleCymatosira compacta Schrader and FennerMelosira architecturalis BrunPseudotr>icev>atium aff. chenevieri (Meister) GleserP. notabile GleserStictodiecus kittonianue GrevilleTkalassioeira spinosa var. aspinosa Schrader

Age: Latest Oligocene or early Miocene (?). (The above represent theoldest forms, only. The sample contains many burrows and it is likely that they result in Quaternary contamination

L5-78-BS 6-12 (diatomaceous siltstone)


Asteromphalus oligocenicue Schrader and FennerCestodiscus muhinae JouseC» sp.Coecinodiecus praenitidue FennerCymatosira compacta Schrader and FennerPseudot-riceratium sp.

51


Silicof lage Hates:

Distephanus speculum (Ehrenberg) Haeckel (cannopilean ) Mesocena apiculata (Schultz) Hanna

Age: Late Oligocene


Ericipites sp. Laevigatosporites sp. Pinaceae (bisaccates) Pterocaryapollenites sp. TaxodiaceaepolleniteG hiatus Tsugaepollenites sp.(Pollen comparable to the extant genera Alnusf

Betula> Ulmus, and Liquidambar(?) .)


L5-78-BS 7-3 (diatomaceous rrudstone)


Actinocyclus ingens Rattray A. ingens var. nodus Baldauf Denticulopsis lauta (Bailey) Simonsen D. hyalina (Schrader) Simonsen Mediaria splendida Sheshukova - Poretzkaya

Age: Early middle Miocene



Actinocyclus ingens RattrayDenticulopsis hustedtii (Simonsen and Kanaya) SimonsenD. hyalina (Schrader) SimonsenD* lauta (Bailey) Simonsen

Age: Middle middle Miocene

52




Actinocyelus ochotensis JouseCosmiodiscue insignis JouseCoseinodieeus temperei BrainDenticulopsis kamtsehatica (Zabelina) SimonsenD. cf. kamchat-ica (Zabelina) SimonsenThalassiosira gravida cleveT» jaakeonii Koizumi and BarrenT. nativa Sheshukova - PoretzkayaT* sabelinae Jouse

Age: Latest Miocene


Compositae GraminaeLaevigatosporites sp. OnagraceaePinaceae (bisaccates) Pteroaaryapo11enites sp. Sterteifsportites sp. Trioolporopollenites sp. 2 and 3 Tsugaepollenites sp.(Pollen comparable to the extant genera Alnus, Betula,

Diero-illaf Lonieera, Ulmus.)

Age: Pliocene (?)



Aotinocyolus ingens RattrayCoseinodiscus plieatue GrunowDenticulopeis huetedtii (Simonsen and Kanaya) SimonsenD. lauta (Bailey) SimonsenMediaria splendida Sheshukova - PoretzkayaStephanopyxis sohenokii Kanaya


53


L5-78-BS 8-8 (sandy siltstone)


Bacteriasira fragilis GranNitzahia sp.Kh'izosolenia hebetata f. hiemalis GranThalassiosirvL gravida cleveT. hyalina (Grunow) Grunow

Age: Quaternary



Cosainodisaus pliaatue GrunowC. ydbei KanayaDenticulopeis hustedtii (Simonsen and Kanaya) SimonsenD. lauta BaileyNitzschia cf. heteropoliaa schraderRhizoselenia barboi Brun


Distephanus pseudofibula (Schulz) Bukry Mesocena hexagona Haeke1

Age: Latest middle Miocene

L5-78-BS 9-2 (glauconitic diatomaceous madstone)

Assemblage identical to 9-1.

Age: Latest middle Miocene

54




Actinocyclus ingens RattrayCosci.onodi.scus praeydbei SchraderC. aff. plicatus GrunowDenticutopsis hustedtii (Simonsen and Kanaya) Simonsen

(very rare)D. hyalina (Schrader). Simonsen D. lauta (Bailey) Simonsen Stephanopyxis schenckii Kanaya


L5-78-BS 13-1 (sandstone)


Denticulopsis kamtschatica (Zabelina) Simonsen D. seminae var. fossilis (Schrader) Simonsen Stephanopyxis horri-dus Koizumi Thalassiosira zabelinae Jouse

Age: Middle Pliocene

L5-78-BS 13-2 (muddy sandstone)


Bacteriosira frag-ilis GranDenticulopsis kamtschat-ica (Zabelina) SimonsenD. seminae var. fossilis (Schrader) SimonsenStephanopyxis horridus KoizumiThalassiosira antiqua (Grunow) CleveT. gravida CleveT. gravida var. 1 (Leg 57)T. hyalina (Grunow) GrunowT. nidulus (Tempere and Brun) JouseT. nordenskioldii CleveT. oestrupii (Ostenfeld) Proshkina - Lavrenko

Age: Late Pliopene

55

Table 16, (Continued)

L5-78-BS 13-5 (pebbly sandstone)


Denticul ops-is fountschatica (Zabelina) Simonsen D. senrinae var. fossilis (Schrader) Simonsen Thalassiosira antiqua Grunow - cleve T. nidulus var. delicata Barren T. zabelinae Jouse

Age: Middle Pliocene



Coscinodiscus pustulatus Mann Thalassiosira gravida cleve (flat form)

Age: Late late Miocene to early Pliocene


Assemblage virtually identical to 13-2

Age: Late Pliocene

L5-78-BS 15-3 (basalt)

Potassium-Argon age report (whole rock):

K20 = 2.189, 2.191%rO

40

40Ar(rad)/gm = 1.752 x 10~ 10 moles/gm

'Ar(rad)/40Ar(total) = 84.53

Age: 54.7 million years ±1.08 m.y. (15-3 shows signs of having been altered - hence the age represents a minimum value.)

56

Table 16 (Continued)

L5-78-BS 16-9 (mudstone) [Bukry]

Coccolith or nannpplankton species-include:

Chiasmolithus sp. aff. C. expansus Bramlette and SullivanC» solitus Bramlette and SullivanCoccolithue pelagicus WallichC. sp. cf. C. pelag-icus Wallich (small, high relief)Cyol-icargolithue pseudogammation BoucheDiscolithina peotinata .Bramlette and SullivanD. sp. cf. D. plana Bramlette and SullivanKoczyia weohesensis Bukry and PercivalRetieulofenestra sp. aff. /?. diotyoda Deflandre/?. samodurovi Hay, Mohler, and WadeSyraoosphaera fimbriata Bramlette and SullivanTpansversopontis pulcher* Deflandre

Age: Late early or early middle Eocene


Bathysiphon eocenioa B. cf. eocenica Haplophragmoi.des sp. Robulus sp. (pyritized)

Age: Eocene (?)



Bathysiphon ant-ipodum B. cf. eoeeniea Epistomina partsehiana

Age: Eocene (?)

57




Bathysiphon eocenica Bifarina nuttali Cibicides pachyderma Dentalina kreyenhagenensis Globobulimina paoifiaa Hoglundina eoeenica Rhabdammina sp. (pyritized) Rodulus alato-limbatus R. arcuato-striatus

Age: Late(?) Eocene

L5-78-BS 19-2 (diatomaceous nudstone)


Aatinoeyclus divisus (Grunow) HustedtAm ochotensis JouseBacteriasira fragilis GranDentieulopsis seminae (Simonsen and Kanaya) SimonsenD. seminae var. fossilie (Schrader) SimonsenRnizosolenia curvirostris JouseR. hebetata f. hiemalis GranThalassiosira gravida cleveT. nidulus (Tempere and Brun) JouseT. paaifiea Gran and Angst

Age: Late Quaternary

L5-78-BS 22-2 (glauconitic sandstone)


Coscinodiscus fragmentsMelosira suleata (Ehrenberg) KutzingRadiolarian fragments

Age: Late Cretaceous to Recent

58




Actinooyclus ingens RattrayCoscinodiscus praeyabei (Schrader) SimonsenDenticulopsis hyalina (Schrader) SimonsenD. lauta (Bailey) SimonsenGoniotheeium tenue BrunStephanopyxis schenckii Kanaya

Quaternary contaminants:

Denticulopsis seminae Simonsen and Kanaya (one specimen) Hhizosolenia hebetata f. hiemalis Gran (one specimen)

Age: Middle Miocene

L5-78-BS 22-4 (laminated sandstone and siltstone)


Cosainodiscus marginatus Ehrenberg C. radiatus Ehrenberg Ihizosolenia barboi Brun Fhalassiosira antiqua (Grunow) Cleve Thalassiothrix longissima cleve and Grunow

Age: Late Miocene or Quaternary


Aquilapollenites retieulatus (Mtchedlishvili) Tschudyand Leopold/ 1971

A. striatus Funkhouser 1961 A. sp.Azonia sp. cf. A. ovata (Chlonova) Felix and Burbridge 1973 A, sp. cf. A» recta (Bolkhovitina) Samoilovich 1961 Fibulapollis mirificus (Chlonova) Chlonova 1961 Tricolporate sp. (indeterminate) Triporate sp. (indeterminate) cf. Umbosporites callosus Newman 1965

59


Dinoflagellate cysts:

Adnatosphaeridium filiferum (Cookson and Eisenack) Williams and Downie in Davey et al. 1969

Chatangiella granulifer>a (Manum) Lentin and Williams 1976Chatangiella sp.Chlamydophorella nyei Cookson and Eisenack 1958Cyclonephelium sp. cf. C. distinction

Deflandre and Cookson 1955Mierodinium irregulare Clarke and Verdier 1967Odontoehitina operculata' (o. Wetzel)

Deflandre and Cookson 1955Oligosphaeridium sp. cf. 0. pulcherrimum

(Deflandre and Cookson) Davey and Williams in Davey et al. 1967

Eurydinium sp.Oligosphaeridium sp.Spinidinium sp.Spiniferites sp.

Age: Campanian or Maestrichtian



Aquilapollenites pyriformis Norton 1965 Aquilapollenites senonicus (Mtchedlishvili) Tschudy

and Leopold 1971Aquilapollenites striatus Funkhouser 1961 Aquilapollenites tripodiformis Tschudy and Leopold 1971 Cereidiphyllites brevicolpatus Mtchedlishvili 1961 Cranwellia striata (Couper) Srivastava 1967 Fibulapollis mirificus (Chlonova) Chlonova 1961 Badialisporis radiatus (Krutzsch) Krutzsch 1967 Wodehouseia stanleyi Srivastava 1966 Wodehouseia sp.

60



Alterbia acutula (Wilson) Lentin and Williams 1973 Deflandrea diebelii Alberti 1959 Fvomea chytr>a (Drugg) Stover and Evitt 1978 Glyphanodinium facetum Drugg 1964 Laoiniadinium firmum (Harland) Morgan 1977 Spin-Lferites sp. cf. 5. granulatus (Davey) Lentin

and Williams 1973




Bourkidinium granulatum Morgan 1975 ChytT^oeisphae^idia ohytroeides (Sarjeant)

Downie and Sarjeant 1965Cyclonephelium distinetum Deflandre and Cookson 1955 Gardod-inium trabeeulosum (Gocht) Alberti 1961 Gonyaulacysta jurassiaa (Deflandre) Norris and Sarjeant 1965 G. jurassica subsp. long-ieormis (Deflandre) Lentin

and Williams 1973Lithodinia pooockii (Sarjeant) Davey 1979 Omatia alaskaensis stover and Evitt 1978 Sirmiodinium grossi Alberti 1961 Tubotuberella sp. cf. "Psaligonyaulax apatela" auct. non

(Cookson and Eisenack) Sarjeant 1969 in Brideaux 1976 Batiacasphaera sp. Fromea sp.Hystriehogonyaulax sp. Kafiosphaeridium sp. Lanterma sp. Leptodinium sp. Me-iourogonyaulax sp. Oligosphaeridium sp. Palaeoperid-inium sp. Sentusidinium sp.

61


Questionable identifications, dinoflagellate cysts:

Car>pathodinium predae _(Beju) Drugg 1978 Clathroctenoeystis elegans wiggins 1972 Cometodinium whitei (Deflandre and Courteville)

Stover and Evitt, 1978Gonyaulaeysta perfor>obtusa Duxbury 1977 Leptodiniwn entile Klement 1960Scriniodinium sp. cf. S. crystallinum (Deflandre) Klement, 1960 Belodinium sp. Carpathod-inium sp. Odontoehitina sp.

Age: Late Jurassic

L5-78-BS 25-4 (coarse-grained sandstone)


Bacteriosira frug His GranDentioulopsis s&minae (Simonsen and Kanaya) SimonsenD. seminae var. fossilis (Schrader) SimonsenPorosira glacialis (Grunow) JoergensenRhizosolenia hebetata f. hiemalie GranThala8siosir>a gravida cleveT. oestrupii (Ostenfeld) Proshkina - Lavrenko

Age: Quaternary



Cosmiodiscue insignis JouseDenticulopsis kamtschatiea (Zabelina) Simonsen Fhalassiosira oeetrupii (Ostenfeld) Proshkina - Lavrenko T. zabelinae Jouse


Distephanue boliviensis jimlingii Bukry

Age: Early Pliocene

62




Caryapollenites sp.cf. RosaceaeParaalnipollenites confusus (Zaklinskaya)

Hills and Wallace, 1969 cf. Ulmus Pesavis tagluensis Elsik and Jansonius, 1974

Dinoflagellate cysts include:

Deflandrea phosphoritiea Eisenack, 1938Impagidinium sp. cf. I. maculatum (Cookson and Eisenack)

Stover and Evitt Impagidinium sp. (?) Kallosphaeridion sp. Paleotetradinium minusculum (Alberti) Stover and Evitt, 1978

A Late Cretaceous pollen grain, Aquilapollenites reticulatus, was observed, but considered recycled.

Age: Paleogene (probably Paleocene)

L5-78-BS 27-1 (sandy siltstone interbedded with volcanic sandstone)


Aquilapollenites parallelus Tschudy 1969Aqu-ilapoll en-it es sp. cf. A. senoniaus (Mtchedlishvili)

Tschudy and Leopold 1971 Cupanieidites sp.Erdtmanipollis pachysandroides Krutzsch 1962 Fibulapollis mirificus (Chlonova) Chlonova 1961 Kurtzipites trispissatus Anderson 1960 Tricolpites sp. 11 Mclntyre 1974Tricolporate sp. (undifferentiated - rare to common) Triporate sp. (undifferentiated - rare to common) Wodehouseia stanleyi Srivastava 1966

63



Adnatoephaeridium filiferum (Cookson and Eisenack) Williamsand Downey in Davey et al. 1969

Chatangiella sp. cf. C. ditiseima (Mclntyre) Lentin andWilliams 1976

Deflandrea diebelii Alberti 1959 Elytrocysta druggii Stover and Evitt 1978Isabelidinium cooksoniae (Alberti) Lentin and Williams 1977 Microdinium ornatum Cookson and Eisenack 1960 Senegalinium obsourum (Drugg) stover and Evitt 1978 Spiniferitee sp. cf. 5. granulatus

(Davey) Lentin and Williams 1973


Radiolarian species (poorly preserved): [Kling]

Dictyomitra (s.l.) sp. Phaseliformat?) sp. Pseudodietyomitra(?) sp.

Age: Cretaceous



Caryapollenites sp.Paraalnipollenites confusus (zaklinskaya)

Hills and Wallace, 1969Pesavis taglueneie Elsik and Jansonius, 1974 cf. Momipitee sp.

64


Dinoflagellate cysts include:

Alisoeysta sp. cf. A. eireumtabulata (Drugg)Stover and Evitt, 1978

Areoligera volata Drugg, 1967 Cannosphaeropsis franciseana Damassa, 1979 Deflandrea phosphoritica Eisenack, 1938 Eoaladopyxis penieulata Morgenroth, 1966 Fromea laevigata (Drugg) Stover and Evitt, 1978 Kallosphaeridium sp.Mierodinium ornatum Cookson and Eisenack, 1960 Senegalinium obscurum (Drugg) stover and Evitt, 1978 Tanyosphaeridium xanthiopyxides (Wetzel)

Stover and Evitt, 1978Tur>biosphaer>a filosa (Wilson) An change Isky, 1969 cf. Elytrocysta druggii Stover and Evitt, 1978

Recycled Cretaceous fossils:

Aquilapollenites striatus Funkhouser, 1969 Aquilapollenites sp. cf. A. delieatus Stanley, 1961 Chatangielta vietoriensis (Cookson and Manum)

Lentin and Williams, 1976 Odontoehitina operculata (Wetzel) Deflandre and Cookson, 1955

Age: Paleogene (probably Paleocene)



Cosmiodiscus insignis JouseCoseinodiseus temper>ei BrunDenticulopsis cf. kamtschatiea (Zabelina) SimonsenThalassiosira antiqua (Grunow) CleveT. nativa Sheshukova - PoretskayaT. zabelinae JouseT. aff. zabelinae Jouse

Age: Late Miocene

65




Actinoayalus oohotensis JouseCosmiodisaus -ins-ign-is Jouse (common)Coscinodiscus pustulatus MannDentioulopsis hustedtii, (Simonsen and Kanaya) SimonsenD. kamtsahatica ZabelinaThalassiosiva gmzwida CleveT. gravida Cleve (flat form)T. jacksonii Koizumi and BarrenT. nativa Sheshukova-Poretzkaya (of Koizumi, 1975)T. nidulus var. deliaata BarrenT. oestrupii (Ostenfeld) Proshkina - LavrenkoT. aff. oestvupii (Leg 57 sp.)T. punatata JouseT. zabelinae Jouse

Age: Early Pliocene

66


L5-78-BS 28-3 (diatomaceous calcareous sandstone)


Cosm-iodiscus insignis JouseDenticulopsis hustedtii (Simonsen and Kanaya) SimonsenD. 'kxmtsch.at'ica (Zabelina) Simonsen (rare)D. cf. kamtschat-ica (Zabelina) SimonsenThalassiosira ant-iqua (Grunow) cleveT. grav-ida var. 1 (Leg 57)T. hyalinopsis BarronT. nidulus var. delicata BarronT. punctata JouseT. zdbelinae Jouse

Age: Latest Miocene or earliest Pliocene



Actinoeyclus oculatus JouseDenticul ops-is sem-inae (Simonsen and Kanaya) SimonsenD. sem-inae var. fossilis (Schrader) SimonsenPorosira glacial-is (Grunow) JoergensenRhi,zosolenia curvirostris JouseThalassiosira gravida CleveT. grav-ida cleve (flat form)T» nidulus (Tempere and Brun) Jouse

Age: Early Quaternary

Pelecypod species: [Marincovich]

Nueulana fragmentsSerripes groenlandicus Brugiere (1 valve)

Age: Late(?) Pliocene to Holocene

Addendum from dredge samples from the 1970 cruise of the USNS BAR.TLETT in the Bering Sea.

67


70-B92-3S3 (brecciated mudstone)


Caryapol'len-ites sp. cf. C. veripites (Wilson and Webster) Nichols and Ott, 1978

Caryapollenites sp. Pamalnipollenites confueue (Zaklinskaya)

Hills and Wallace, 19b9Pesavis tagluene-is Elsik and Jansonius, 1974 cf. Alnus cf. Castanea cf. Tiliaceae

Dinoflagellates include:

Apectodinium homomorphum (Deflandre and Cookson)Lentin and Williams, 1977

Kallosphaeridium sp.

Recycled Cretaceous pollen grain:

Aquilapollenites scabridue B. Tschudy, 1969

Age: Paleocene to Eocene

70-B92-3S5 (granule conglomerate)


Caryapollenitee sp.Paraalnipollenitee confusus (Zaklinskaya)

Hills and Wallace, 1969Pesavie tagluensis Elsik and Jansonius, 1974 cf. Alnus cf. Betula

DinoflageHate cysts include:

Kallosphaeridium sp.Nematosphaeropsie sp. cf. N. philippotii (Deflandre)

DeConinck, 1969 Senegalinium obscurum (Drugg) Stover and Evitt, 1978


68


70-B92-3S6 (mudstone)


Caryapollenitee veripites (Wilson and Webster)Nichols and Ott, 1978

Caryapollenites sp. Microthyriaceae fruiting bodies Pafodlnipollenites confusus (Zaklinskaya)

Hills and Wallace, 1969Peeavie taglueneie Elsik and Jansonius, 1974 cf. Betulaceae cf. Castanea cf. Tiliaceae cf. Ulmus

Dinoflagellates include:

Batiaoasphaera sp. Spiniferites sp.


69

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