unit one world history ms. horvath. chapter overview 1. the renaissance in italy 2. the renaissance...
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EARLY MODERN TIMES1300-1800
UNIT ONEWorld History Ms. Horvath
THE RENAISSANCE AND REFORMATION1300-1650CHAPTER FOURTEEN
CHAPTER OVERVIEW1. The Renaissance in Italy2. The Renaissance Moves North3. The Protestant Reformation 4. Reformation Ideas Spread 5. The Scientific Revolution
UNDERSTANDING OUR PAST
The Big Idea – The Renaissance that began in Italy was characterized by an interest in learning and the arts and a desire to explore the human experience
Vocabulary – Patron, humanism, perspective Focus/Review – Why were the Italian city-states a
favorable setting for a cultural rebirth? What was the Renaissance? What themes and techniques did Renaissance artists and writers explore?
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A REBIRTH IN ITALY
What made Italy the birth place of the Renaissance? Who were the Medici’s? What was their contribution to the
Renaissance? What was the Renaissance? Whatareas did it effect in society? Describe how the Renaissance related to humanism Describe the Renaissance as it related to the arts Who were the “three geniuses of Renaissance art”? Give a brief descriptionof each List two Renaissance writers. Give a brief description of both and their writings
THE RENAISSANCE MOVES NORTH
The Big Idea – The Renaissance slowly spread to northern Europe, where artists and writers experimented with new methods and ideas
Vocabulary – Engraving, vernacular, utopian Focus – Which artists brought the Renaissance to
northern Europe? What themes did humanist thinkers and other writers explore? What impact did the printing revolution have on Europe?
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THE NORTHERN RENAISSANCE
Where did the Northern Renaissance begin? Where did it spread to?
Who was the German Leonardo? Describe is life and work
Who were the Flemish painters? Describe their works
Who were the writers of the Northern Renaissance? Describe their works
Who was the inventor of the printing press? Describe it’s importance on society
THE PROTESTANT REFORMATION
The Big Idea – The ideas of Martin Luther and John Calvin led people to separate from the Roman Catholic Church and form new Protestant churches
Vocabulary – Indulgence, recant, predestination, theocracy
Focus/Review – How did abuses in the Church spark widespread criticism? How did Martin Luther challenge Catholic authority and teachings? What role did John Calvin play in the Reformation?
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THE REFORMATION
Why did many Christians call for Church Reform?
Who was Martin Luther? Describe his 95 Theses
What were Luther’s teachings? How did his ideas spread?
Who was John Calvin? Explain his Teachings
Reformation Ideas Spread
The Big Idea – Both the Protestant and Catholic reformations brought sweeping changes to Europe
Vocabulary – Annul, canonize, scapegoat Focus/Review – What ideas did radical
reformers support? Why did England form a new church? How did the Catholic Church reform itself? Why did some groups face persecution?
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CATHOLICS AND PERSECUTION
Describe Henry VIII What was the Council of Trent ? Describe the Inquisition
What role did Jews play in the Reformation?
Why were the Anabaptists considered radical?
Describe the steps by which England became a Protestant country
What were the goals of the Catholic Reformation?
Why did persecution increase after the Reformation?
The Scientific Revolution
The Big Idea – A new way of thinking, based on experimentation and observation, changed the way Europeans looked at the world
Vocabulary – Heliocentric, hypothesis Focus/Review – How did astronomers change the
way people viewed the universe? What was the new scientific method? What advances did Newton and other scientist make?
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SCIENTIFIC ADVANCEMENTS
Why did some people oppose the heliocentric theory of the universe?
How did the scientific methoddiffer from earlier approaches? How did Newton try to explain the workings of the universe?
THE FIRST GLOBAL AGE: EUROPE AND ASIA1415-1796CHAPTER FIFTEEN
CHAPTER OVERVIEW1. The Search for Spices2. Diverse Traditions of Southeast Asia3. European Footholds in Southeast Asia and India4. Encounters in East Asia
The Search for Spices
The Big Idea – A desire to share in the rich spice trade of the East spurred Europeans to explore the oceans
Vocabulary – Cartographer, astrolabe, caravel, circumnavigate
Focus/Review – Why did Europeans cross the seas? How did Portugal’s eastward explorations lead to the development of a trading empire? How did Columbus’s voyages affect the search for a passage to the Indies?
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IN SEARCH OF SPICE
What motives and means did Europeans have for exploration?
How and why did Portugal lead the way for sea exploration?
Describe Christopher Columbus. What was he in search of? What was his legacy?
Explain the importance of F Ferdinand Magellan
What is the Northwest Passage?
Diverse Traditions of Southeast Asia
The Big Idea – Because of its location, Southeast Asia was affected by the cultures of both China and India
Vocabulary – Matrillineal, stupa, padi Focus/Review – What are the key geographic
features of Southeast Asia? What impact did Indian civilization have on new kingdoms and empires? What factors contributed to the growth of Vietnamese culture?
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SOUTHEAST ASIA
How did geography make Southeast Asia of strategic importance?
Describe Pagan Kingdom Describe the Khmer Empire Describe the Srivijaya Empire How did China influence Vietnam? How did Vietnam preserve its identity?
European Footholds in Southeast Asia and India
The Big Idea – Europeans used military power to build trading empires in southeast Asia
Vocabulary – Outpost, sepoy Focus/Review – How did the Portuguese and the
Dutch build empires in the East? How did Spain control the Philippines? How did the decline of Mughal India affect European traders?
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THE PORTUGUESE, THE DUTCH, AND THE INDIANS How did the Portuguese gain control of the
spice trade? How were the Portuguese challenged by the
Dutch? Why was Spain easily able to conquer the
Philippines? Why did Spain want to control the island of
the Philippians? Why did Mughal power decline? What effect did the decline have on France and Britain?
Encounters in East Asia
The Big Idea – China, Korea, and Japan limited contact with western nations
Vocabulary – NONE ;) Focus/Review – How was European trade with
China affected by the Manchu conquest? What factors led Korea to isolate itself from other nations? What attitude did the Tokugawa shoguns have toward foreign traders?
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EAST MEETS WEST
Describe European trade with China Why did Korea pursue a policy of
isolation? What was the Japanese policy on
trade and foreigners? Why did it change over time?
THE FIRST GLOBAL AGE: EUROPE, THE AMERICAS, AND AFRICA1492-1750CHAPTER SIXTEEN
CHAPTER OVERVIEW1. Conquest in the Americas 2. Spanish and Portuguese Colonies in the Americas3. Struggle for North America4. Turbulent Centuries in Africa5. Changes in Europe
Conquest in the Americas
The Big Idea – Various factors enabled the Spanish to conquer the Aztec and Incan empires
Vocabulary – Conquistador, alliance Focus/Review – What were the results of the
first encounters between the Spanish and Native Americans?
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FOREIGNERS INVADE THE AMERICAS Describe Cortes and his take over of
the Aztec civilization Describe Pizarro and how he took
over the Incan empire How did divisions within the Aztec and Incan empires help the Spanish
Spanish and Portuguese Colonies in the Americas
The Big Idea – Native American, African, and European traditions blended to form new cultures in the Americas
Vocabulary – viceroy, plantation, encomienda, peon, peninsular, Creole, mestizo, mulatto, privateer
Focus/Review – How did Spain rule its empire in the Americas? What were the chief features of colonial society and culture? How did Portugal and other European nations challenge Spanish power?
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South American Colonial Society Describe how the Catholic Church
influenced Spanish conquest What was the Spanish economy based on? Describe the life and times of Bartolome de
las Casas, including his link ties to slavery
Describe colonial society in terms of social structure and cities
Describe colonial society in terms of education and cultural blending
Struggle for North America
The Big Idea – France and England set up colonies and competed for dominance in North America
Vocabulary – Missionary, compact Focus/Review – What problems did settlers in New
France face? What traditions of government evolved in the 13 English colonies? How did competition for power affect Europeans and Native Americans?
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Colonies in North America
Why did New France grow slowly? What were the early years of English
settlement like in America? What allowed them to eventually grow?
Describe British colonial government Explain the rivalry between the British and
the French What did the 1763 Treaty of Paris accomplish?
What impact did European settlements have on
Native American?
Turbulent Centuries in Africa
The Big Idea – The Atlantic slave trade, the rise of new states, and power struggles, created turbulence in Africa
Vocabulary – Triangular trade, monopoly Focus/Review – How did the arrival of Europeans in
Africa lead to the Atlantic slave trade? How did the slave trade contribute to the rise of new African states? What groups battled for power in southern Africa?
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Atlantic Slave Trade
Explain the origins of the African slave trade What was the network known as triangular trade? Describe the horrors of the Middle Passage Who was King Alfonso? How did he and other leaders try
to slow the African slave trade?
What was the impact of the African slave trade?
Describe the way of rule in the Asante Kingdom
Describe the Shaka and the Zulus Describe the friction between the Boers
and the Zulus
Changes in Europe
The Big Idea – European exploration and increased trade stimulated a global exchange, a commercial revolution, and other changes in Europe
Vocabulary – Inflation, capitalism, joint stock company, mercantilism, tariff
Focus/Review – How did European explorations lead to a global exchange? What impact did the commercial revolution and mercantilism have on European economies? How did these changes affect ordinary people?
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Global Commercial Revolution Describe the Columbian Exchange What was the impact of the Columbian Exchange
on population Describe the impact the following had on the
commercial revolution: price changes and the Growth of capitalism
Describe the impact the following had on the commercial revolution: new business methods and bypassing the guilds
Explain MercantilismWhat was life like for ordinary Europeans in America?
THE AGE OF ABSOLUTISM 1550-1800CHAPTER SEVENTEEN
CHAPTER OVERVIEW1. Extending Spanish Power2. France Under Louis XIV3. Triumph of Parliament in England4. Rise of Austria and Prussia5. Absolute Monarchy in Russia
Extending Spanish Power
The Big Idea – Philip II extended Spain’s power and helped establish a golden age
Vocabulary – Absolute monarch, armada Focus/Review – How did Spanish power increase
under Charles V and Philip II? How did the arts flourish during Spain’s golden age? Why did the Spanish economy decline in the 1600s?
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Charles V and Philip II Rulers Devine Describe the life and times of Charles
V Describe the life and times of Philip II Detail the wars of Philip II Why is the period from 1150 to 1650
considered Spain’s golden age? Why did Spanish power and
prosperity decline?
France Under Louis XIV
The Big Idea – Under the absolute rule of Louis XIV, France became the leading power of Europe
Vocabulary – Intendant, balance of power Focus/Review – How did France rebuild after its
wars of religion? How did Louis XIV strengthen royal power? What successes and failures did Louis XIV experience?
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Louis XIV
Describe the life and times of Louis XIV
What was Versailles, and how did it become a symbol of French power?
Where were the successes and failures of Louis XIV’s reign?
Triumph of Parliament in England
The Big Idea – During the 1600s, the British Parliament asserted its rights against royal claims to absolute power
Vocabulary – Dissenter, habeas corpus, limited monarchy
Focus/Review – How did the Tudors and the Stuarts differ in their relations with Parliament? How did the English Civil War lead to the rise of the Commonwealth? What were the causes and results of the Glorious Revolution?
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The Tudors and the Stuarts Describe the Tudors Describe the Stuarts Explain the causes of the English
Civil War Describe the causes and results of
the Glorious Revolution
Rise of Austria and Prussia
The Big Idea – Two great empires, Austria and Prussia, rose out of the ashes of the Thirty Years’ War
Vocabulary – Elector, mercenary, depopulation Focus/Review – What were the causes and results
of the Thirty Years’ War? How did Austria and Prussia emerge as great powers? How did European diplomats try to maintain a balance of power?
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Austria, Prussia, and War
Detail the Thirty Years’ War, and the impact it had on German states
Who was Maria Theresa? Explain her importance
Describe the rise of Prussia Who was Frederick II? Why was
he important? Why did European nations seek a balance of power? What
methods did they use?
Absolute Monarchy in Russia
The Big Idea – Czar Peter the Great and his successor, Catherine the Great, strengthened Russia and expanded Russian territory
Vocabulary – Westernization, boyar, partition Focus/Review – How did Peter the Great try to
make Russia into a modern state? What steps did Peter take to expand Russia’s borders? How did Catherine the Great strengthen Russia?
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Peter and Catherine the Great Describe the life and times of Peter
the Great How did Russia expand under his
rule? Describe the life and times of
Catherine the Great Describe her policies
ENLIGHTENMENT AND REVOLUTION1707-1850UNIT FIVE
THE ENLIGHTENMENT AND THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION1707-1800CHAPTER EIGHTEEN
CHAPTER OVERVIEW1. Philosophy in the Age of Reason2. Enlightenment Ideas Spread3. Britain at Mid-Century4. Birth of the American Republic
Philosophy in the Age of Reason
The Big Idea – Enlightenment thinkers tried to apply reason and the laws of nature to human society
Vocabulary – Natural law, social contract, natural right, physiocrat, laissez faire
Focus/Review – How did scientific progress promote trust in human reason? How did the social contract and separation of powers affect views on government? How did new ideas affect society and the economy?
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Enlightened Thought
Describe Thomas Hobbes enlightened thoughts
Describe John Locke’s enlightened thoughts Describe the enlightened thoughts of Jean-
Jacques Rousseau Describe the enlightened thoughts of Denis
Diderot Describe the enlightened thoughts of Adam Smith
What role did women play in the enlightenment?
Enlightenment Ideas Spread
The Big Idea – Enlightenment ideas spread across Europe and prompted some rulers to make reform
Vocabulary – Salon, enlightened despot, baroque, rococo
Focus/Review – What roles did censorship and salons play in the spread of new ideas? How did philosophes influence enlightened despots? How did the Enlightenment affect arts and literature? Why were the lives of the majority unaffected?
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Everyone Wants to be Enlightened Describe the importance of salons to the
Enlightenment Describe each of the following
Enlightened despots in detail: Frederick the Great, Catherine the great, Joseph II
Describe Enlightened arts Describe Enlightened literature How did the Enlightenment
affect the lives of the majority?
Britain at Mid-Century
The Big Idea – Britain's Island location, colonial possessions, and powerful navy contributed to its rise to world power
Vocabulary – Constitutional government, cabinet, prime minister, oligarchy
Focus/Review – What influences spurred Britain’s rise to global power? How did the growth of constitutional government reflect conditions in politics and society? How did George III reassert royal power?
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Constitutional Governments Explain how each of the following
contributed to Britain's rise to global power: Geography, success in war, attitudes towards business and commerce
How did the British cabinet and office of prime minister develop?
What goals did George III have when he became king?
Birth of the American Republic
The Big Idea – Colonial opposition to British trade and tax policies led to independence and the founding of the United States of America
Vocabulary – Popular sovereignty, Loyalist, federal republic
Focus/Review – What were the chief characteristics of the 13 English colonies? How did growing discontent lead to the American Revolution? How did the new constitution reflect the ideas of the Enlightenment?
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Revolution
Describe colonial law, society, and politics in the mid-1700s
Explain why conflict between the colonists and Britain increased after 1763
Give an example of how Enlightenment ideas were reflected in the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution
THE FRENCH REVOLUTION AND NAPOLEON 1789-1815CHAPTER NINETEEN
CHAPTER OVERVIEW1. On the Eve of Revolution2. Creating a New France3. Radical Days4. The Age of Napoleon Begins5. The End of an Era
On the Eve of Revolution
The Big Idea – Social unrest, economic troubles, and the desire for political reforms led to the French Revolution
Vocabulary – Bourgeoisie, deficit spending Focus/Review – What was the social structure of
the old regime? Why did France face economic troubles in 1789? Why did Louis XVI call the Estates General? Why did a Paris crowd storm the Bastille?
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The French Revolution
Describe the Old Regime in means of: The First Estate, the Second Estate, and the Third Estate (detail each of their roles in society)
What economic troubles did France have in 1789?
What issues arose when Louis XVI called the Estates Generalin 1789?
What was the significance of the storming of the Bastille?
Creating a New France
The Big Idea – The National Assembly instituted political and social reforms in the moderate first stage of the revolution
Vocabulary – Faction, émigré, republic Focus/Review – How did popular revolts contribute
to the French Revolution? What moderate reforms did the National Assembly enact? How did foreign reaction to the revolution help lead to war?
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Revolt in Paris
What role did the people of Paris play in the French Revolution?
Describe how the National Assembly enacted reform through each of the following: the Declaration of the Rights of an and the Citizen, the Civil Constitution of the Clergy, the Constitution of 1791
Why did women march on Paris? What reaction did people o outside of France have to
e events occurring in France?
Radical Days
The Big Idea – A radical phase of the revolution led to the monarchy’s downfall and a time of violence known as the Reign of Terror
Vocabulary – Suffrage, secular Focus/Review – why did radicals abolish the
monarchy? How did the excesses of the Convention lead to the Directory? What impact did the revolution have on women and daily life?
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France in Chaos
Explain the executions of Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette
Why did radical revolutionaries oppose the monarchy?
Who is Robespierre? Describe The Reign of
Terror Explain changing roles
for women in France How did the Revolution
change daily lives for French people?
The Age of Napoleon Begins
The Big Idea – Napoleon rose to power in France and built a vast empire that included much of Europe
Vocabulary – Plebiscite, annex, blockade Focus/Review – How did Napoleon rise to
power? How were revolutionary reforms changed under Napoleon? How did Napoleon build an empire in Europe?
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France Meets Napoleon
Describe Napoleon’s rise to power What revolutionary reforms were
undone by Napoleon? How did Napoleon preserve some of the principles of the Enlightenment?
How did Napoleon come to dominate most of Europe?
Why did his efforts to subdue Britain fail?
The End of an Era
The Big Idea – Napoleon was finally defeated, but revolutionary ideals and the postwar peace settlement affected Europe for many years
Vocabulary – Guerrilla warfare, abdicate Focus/Review – What challenges threatened
Napoleon’s empire? What events led to Napoleon’s downfall? What were the goals of the Congress of Vienna?
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Downfall of Napoleon
What challenges did Napoleon face in Spain, Austria, and Russia?
Describe the downfall of Napoleon including his exile and return as well as the Battle of Waterloo
What was Napoleon’s legacy?
What were the chief goalsof the Congress of Vienna
THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION BEGINS1750-1850CHAPTER TWENTY
CHAPTER OVERVIEW1. Dawn of the Industrial Age2. Britain Leads the Way3. Hardships of Early Industrial Life4. New Ways of Thinking
Dawn of the Industrial Age
The Big Idea – The Industrial Revolution had an impact on every aspect of life in Western Europe and the United States
Vocabulary – Anesthetic, enclosure, smelt Focus/Review – Why was the Industrial Revolution a
turning point in world history? How did an agricultural revolution contribute to population growth? What new technologies helped trigger the Industrial Revolution?
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Agricultural Revolution
Identify and describe the following men: Charles Townshend, Jethro Tull, Thomas Newcomen, James Watt, and Abraham Darby
Describe how the Industrial Revolution changed daily life, becoming a turning point in history
Identify three causes of the population explosion in Europe
Explain the impact of steam power and the improved iron
Britain Leads the Way
The Big Idea – The Industrial Revolution originated in Britain
Vocabulary – Capital, turnpike Focus/Review – Why was Britain the starting
point for the Industrial Revolution? What changes transformed the textile industry? What new technologies were part of the revolution in trnasportation?
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Technological Growth
Identify and describe the following men: John Kay, James Hargreaves, Richard Arkwright, and George Stephenson
Describe four factors that helped bring about the Industrial Revolution in Britain
How did the Industrial Revolution transform thetextile industry
How did transportation improve in the early 1800s?Give examples
Hardships of Early Industrial Life
The Big Idea – The Industrial Revolution created material benefits as well as social problems
Vocabulary – Urbanization, tenement, labor union Focus/Review – What was life like in the new
industrial city? How did the factory system change the way people worked? What benefits and problems did industrialization bring to the working class and the new middle class?
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Factory City Life
What was life like in the new industrial cities? Describe the rigid system of discipline in the
factory system What was life like for women workers? What was life like for child laborers? Who were the Luddites and was their mission?
Describe Methodism Describe life for the middle class during the Industrial Revolution
How was the Industrial Revolution a blessing, how was it a curse?
New Ways of Thinking
The Big Idea – The Industrial Revolution fostered new ideas about business and economics
Vocabulary – Utilitarianism, socialism, communism, proletariat
Focus/Review – What was laissez-faire economics? How did the views of utilitarians differ from those of socialists? What were the ideas of “scientific socialism” introduced by Karl Marx?
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Social Viewpoints
Identify and describe the following men: Thomas Malthus, John Stuart Mill, Karl Marx, Adam Smith, and David Ricardo
Describe Laissez-Faire economics Describe utilitarian thoughts Describe socialism
REVOLUTIONS IN EUROPE AND LATIN AMERICA 1790-1848CHAPTER TWENTY-ONE
CHAPTER OVERVIEW1. An Age of Ideologies2. Revolutions of 1830 and 18483. Latin American Wars of Independence
An Age of Ideologies
The Big Idea – After 1815, the clash of people with opposing ideologies plunged Europe into an era of turmoil that lasted more than 30 years
Vocabulary – Ideology, Universal manhood suffrage, autonomy
Focus/Review – What were the goals of conservatives? How did liberalism and nationalism challenge the old order? Why was Europe plagued by revolts after 1815?
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European Thoughts and Belief Systems Identify the following: Conservatives, liberals,
and nationalists What were the goals of conservative leaders? How did the political goals of liberals differ from
those of conservatives? How did nationalists threaten the system set up
by Metternich? Why did the Serbs and Greeks revolt?
Why were there uprisings in Spain, Portugal, and
the Italian states?
Revolutions of 1830 and 1848
The Big Idea – Revolutions broke out across Europe in 1830 and 1848, but most failed to achieve their goals
Vocabulary – Ultraroyalist, recession Focus/Review – Why did revolutions occur in
France in 1830 and 1848? How did revolution spread in 1830? What were the results of the 1848 revolutions?
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More French Revolutions
Identify and describe the following people: Charles X, Louis Philippe, Louis Napoleon, Louis Kossurth, and Frederick William IV
Describe the Charter of French Liberties Describe the Frankfurt Assembly Describe the causes and effects of the French
Revolution of 1830 Describe the causes and effects of
the French Revolution of 1848 To what lands did revolution
spread in 1830? Where theserevolutions successful? Explain
Latin American Wars of Independence
The Big Idea – In the early 1800s, many new nations emerged in Latin America as independence movements freed people from European rule
Vocabulary – Peninsular, creole, mestizo, mulatto Focus/Review – What caused discontent in Latin
America? How did Haitians, Mexicans, and people in Central America win independence? How did the nations of South America win independence?
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Gaining Independence
Identify the following people: Toussaint L’Ourerture, Miguel Hidalgo, el Grito de Dolores, Jose Morelos, Tupac Amaru, Simon Bolivar, Dom Pedro
How did social structures contribute to discontent in Latin America?
What was the first step on Haiti’s road to independence?
Why did creoles refuse to support Hidalgo or Morelos?
How did successful military campaigns lead to the creation of independent nations in South America?