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UNIT GUIDE 2017/18

POLI29008 Power Politics and International Relations in East Asia Teaching Block: 1 Weeks: 1-12

Unit Owner: Prof. Yongjin Zhang Level: I/5

Phone: 01179288518 Credit points: 20

Email: yongjin.zhang@bristol.ac.uk Prerequisites: None

Office: 1.5, 10 Priory Road Curriculum area: International Relations

Unit owner office hours:

14:30-16:30 Monday Scheduled office hours do not run during reading weeks, though you can still contact tutors for advice by email and to arrange individual appointments.

Timetabled classes: Lecture: Friday 10:00-12:00 ARTS CMPLX LT3 Seminar Group 1 14:00-15:00, PRIORY RD 3 G4 Seminar Group 2 15:00-16:00, PRIORY RD 3 G4 Seminar Group 3 16:00-17:00, WOODLAND RD 12 1G6 Please refer to your personal timetable for details of your seminar time and location. You are also expected to attend ONE seminar each week. Your online personal timetable will inform you to which group you have been allocated. Seminar groups are fixed: you are not allowed to change seminar groups without permission from the office. Weeks 6 and 12 are Reading Weeks; there is NO regular teaching in these weeks. In addition to timetabled sessions there is a requirement for private study, reading, revision and assessments. Reading the essential readings in advance of each seminar is the minimum expectation. The University Guidelines state that one credit point is broadly equivalent to 10 hours of total student input.

Learning outcomes: Upon completing this unit, students are expected to have developed the following A body of historical and analytical knowledge about international relations of East Asia from the

theoretical perspective of power politics; A critical understanding of dynamics of regional cooperation and conflict in East Asia and their

implications for global politics; Enhanced ability to deliver seminar presentation and engage critically in scholarly discussion at

academic seminars; Improved analytical skills in conducting independent enquiry

Requirements for passing the unit:

Satisfactory attendance at seminars

Completion of all formative work to an acceptable standard Attainment of a composite mark of all summative work to a passing standard (40 or above)

Details of coursework and deadlines

Assessment: Word count: Weighting: Deadline: Day: Week:

Formative assessment: Presentation

n/a 0% In class

Summative assessment: Essay

2,000 25% 9.30am 17/11/2017

Friday 8

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Summative assessment: Exam (2hrs)

n/a 75% January exam period

Summative essay questions will be made available on the unit’s Blackboard site

Instructions for the submission of coursework can be found in Appendix A

Assessment in the school is subject to strict penalties regarding late submission, plagiarism and maximum word count. A summary of key regulations is in Appendix B.

Marking criteria can be found in Appendix C.

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Unit description

East Asia is arguably the most dynamic and consequential region in global politics in the 21st century. This unit introduces students to the studies and analysis of the international relations of East Asia from the perspective of power politics. Through a close examination of the interplay of power politics, security competition and foreign policies between principal state actors in the region, namely, China, Japan, the United States, and to a lesser extent, Russia, it looks at problems, challenges and prospects of regional conflict and cooperation and assesses the implications of global power transition played out in East Asia for the future of regional order.

Transferable skills

Note taking

Seminar participation

Presentation skills

Speaking publicly

Essay and report writing

Independent research

Effective use of internet resources

Development and feedback

You will receive written feedback on your essays on the relevant School feedback forms. Oral feedback will be also provided, where appropriate, for your seminar presentations.

Your participation in and performance at seminars will be closely monitored. Feedback will be provided, where appropriate.

You are welcome to come and see the lecturer during their office hours for individual discussions about your learning development and feedback.

Textbooks:

Shambaugh, David and Michael Yahuda (eds.) (2014) International Relations of Asia, 2nd edition. (Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers). [Textbook 1] Pekkanen, Saadia, John Ravenhill, and Rosemary Foot (eds.) (2015) Oxford Handbook of the International Relations of Asia (Oxford: Oxford University Press) [Textbook 2]. In addition, Yahuda, Michael, International Politics of the Asia-Pacific (3rd ed.) London: Routledge, 2011 provides a thematic and largely chronological and analytical narrative of the transformations of international relations of the Asia-Pacific since 1945. It is worth reading as complementary to the Text assigned above.

Essential reading

This is listed in details in the syllabus below. Each week’s lecture and seminar will proceed on the assumption that students have done relevant required reading. These form the basis of your knowledge acquisition of the topic and for group discussion in class.

Recommended reading

In addition to the essential reading, a list of recommended reading is provided for each weekly session. It is meant to provide broader perspectives on the chosen topics of weekly lectures and seminars and is complementary to required reading. Further reading This list gives an indication of the extensive range of the existing literature. They are provided to encourage students to explore beyond the required and recommended reading. These are listed at the end of this syllabus. They are by no means exhaustive.

Books on One Day Loan

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A number of books are put on one day loan in the library for this unit. A list of those books is attached at the end of this syllabus.

Journals

Most journals are now available online through the library’s home page at: http://www.bristol.ac.uk/is/library/electronicjournals/. The following is a list of key International Relations journals that often publish essays on the international relations of East Asia. Many in the reading list for this unit are in fact drawn from these journals. Asia Policy Asian Perspective Asian Survey Australian Journal of International Affairs China Quarterly Chinese Journal of International Politics Foreign Affairs Foreign Policy GlobalAsia International Affairs International Relations of the Asia-Pacific International Security Journal of Contemporary China Pacific Affairs Pacific Review Survival The China Journal Third World Quarterly

Useful websites

http://www.brookings.edu/ (Brookings Institution) http://carnegieendowment.org/ (Carnegie Endowment for International Peace) http://www.eastasiaforum.org/ (Crawford School of Public Policy, Australian National University) http://www.globalasia.org/ (Global Asia: A Journal of the East Asia Foundation) http://www.nbr.org/NBR/ (National Bureau of Asian Research) http://thediplomat.com/ (A Current Affairs Magazine Covering the Asia-Pacific) http://global-is-asian.nus.edu.sg/ (Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy, NUS, Singapore)

Lecture and seminar schedule at a glance

Lectures and seminars of this unit are scheduled in weeks 1-12 as follows. Week 1 Thinking about Power Politics in East Asia Theoretically Week 2 Power Politics in East Asia: History, Culture and Geography

Week 3 The Changing Balance of Power and the Transformation of International Order in East Asia

Week 4 Great Powers and Regional Security Challenges in East Asia

Week 5 The Rise of China and Sino-US Relations in the 21st Century

Week 6 Reading Week

Week 7 Japan and China in the Evolving Regional Order of East Asia

Week 8 China, Russia and the Logics of Power Politics

Week 9 ASEAN and Regional Security Cooperation in East Asia

Week 10 Global Power Shift and the Return of Geopolitics in East Asia

Week 11 The United States and East Asia Rising in the Post-American World

Week 12 Reading Week

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Lecture and seminar schedule and suggested reading:

Week 1: Thinking Theoretically about Power Politics in East Asia Learning Objectives:

1. To gain an understanding of how to think about power politics in East Asia by using different theoretical lenses; 2. To be able to apply realist insights to understanding the centrality of power in international relations in East Asia. Essential reading:

Acharya, Amitav (2014), ‘Thinking Theoretically about Asian IR’, in Shambaugh and Yahuda (eds.) International Relations of Asia, pp. 59-89. [Textbook 1]

Shambaugh, David, ‘International Relations in Asia: A Multidimensional Analysis’, in Shambaugh and Yahuda (eds.) International Relations of Asia. pp. 3-29. [Textbook 1]

Mastanduno, Michael (2014) ‘Realism and Asia: Five Propositions’, in Pekkanen, Ravenhill, and Foot (eds.) Oxford Handbook of the International Relations of Asia, pp. 25-44. [Textbook 2]

Recommended Reading:

Acharya, Amitav, ‘Will Asia's Past Be Its Future?’ International Security, 28 (3) (Winter, 2003/2004), pp. 149-164.

Barnett, M. and Duvall, R. (2005) ‘Power in International Politics’, International Organization 59 (1), pp. 39-75.

Kang, David C. (2003) ‘Getting Asia Wrong: The Need for New Analytical Frameworks’, International Security Vol. 27, No. 4, pp. 57-85.

Haggard, Stephan (2014) ‘The Liberal View of the International Relations of Asia’, n Pekkanen, Saadia, John Ravenhill, and Rosemary Foot (eds.) Oxford Handbook of the International Relations of Asia (Oxford: Oxford University Press), pp. 45-63.

Khong, Yuen-Foong (2014) ‘Foreign Policy Analysis and the International Relations of Asia’, in Pekkanen, Saadia, John Ravenhill, and Rosemary Foot (eds.) Oxford Handbook of the International Relations of Asia (Oxford: Oxford University Press), pp. 81-99. Week 2: Power Politics in East Asia: History, Culture and Geography Learning objectives:

1. To understand the importance of geography, history, and political economy in the making of East Asia as a region; and to appreciate cultural, ethic and political diversity and uneven economic development among East Asian states;

2. To be able to contextualize your understanding of the historical complexity of power relations in the region and how regional order has been shaped by such power relations. Essential reading:

Kim, Samuel S. (2014) ‘The Evolving Asian System: Three Transformations’, in Shambaugh and Yahuda (eds.) International Relations of Asia, pp. 33-58. [Textbook 1]

Fravel, M. Taylor (2014) ‘Territorial and Maritime Boundary Disputes in Asia’, in Pekkanen, Ravenhill, and Foot (eds.) Oxford Handbook of the International Relations of Asia, pp. 524-546. [Textbook 2]

Lind, Jennifer (2014) ‘Geography and Security Dilemma in Asia’, in Pekkanen, Ravenhill, and Foot (eds.) Oxford Handbook of the International Relations of Asia, pp. 719-736. [Textbook 2]

Selden, Mark (2009) ‘East Asian Regionalism and its Enemies in Three Epochs: Political Economy and Geopolitics, 16th to 21st Centuries’, The Asia-Pacific Journal, No. 9, 2009. Recommended reading:

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Alagappa, M., ‘International Politics in Asia: the Historical Context’, in Alagappa (ed.) Asian Security Practice (1998), particularly pp. 81-111.

Berman, Larry and Stephen R. Routh, ‘Why the United States Fought in Vietnam’, Annual Review of Political Science, Vol. 6 (2003), pp. 181-204.

Chen, Jian, ‘China’s Involvement in the Vietnam War, 1964-1969’, The China Quarterly, No. 141 (June 1995), pp. 356-387.

Cohen, Warren and Akira Iriye (eds.), Great Powers in East Asia, 1953-1960 (New York: Columbia University Press, 1990).

Cohen, Warren I., ‘The Foreign Impact on East Asia,’ in Merle Goldman and Andrew Gordon, eds., Historical Perspectives on Contemporary East Asia (Cambridge and London: Harvard University Press, 2000), pp. 1-22

Eichengreen, Barry, ‘Geography as Destiny: A Brief History of Economic Growth’, Foreign Affairs, 1998 March/April.

Gong, Gerrit, ed. Memory and History in East and Southeast Asia (Washington, DC: Center for Strategic and International Studies, 2001), pp. 86-113

He, Yinan, ‘History, Chinese Nationalism and the Emerging Sino-Japanese Conflict,’ Journal of Contemporary China, 16:5 (February 2007), pp. 1–24.

Hunt, Michael H., ‘Beijing and the Korean Crisis, June 1950-June 1951,’ Political Science Quarterly, Vol. 107, No. 3 (1992), pp. 453-78

Kang, David, C. East Asia Before the West: Five Centuries of Trade and Tribute (New York: Columbia University Press, 2010).

Kaplan, Robert D., ‘The Geography of Chinese Power: How Far Can Beijing Reach on Land and at Sea’, Foreign Affairs, 89:3 (May/June 2010), pp. 22-41.

Kristof, Nicholas D., ‘The Problem of Memory,’ Foreign Affairs (November / December 1998), pp. 37-49

Pempel, T. J. ‘Introduction: Emerging Webs of Regional Connectedness’, in Pempel (ed.) Remapping East Asia (Ithsca: Cornell University Press, 2005), pp. 1-29.

Pyle, Kenneth B., ‘Reading the New Era in Asia: The Use of History and Culture in the Making of Foreign Policy’, Asia Policy, No. 3, January 2007, pp. 1-12.

Suzuki, Shogo, Civilization and Empire: China and Japan's Encounter with European International Society (Abingdon: Routledge).

Yahuda, Michael, ‘Chapter 1 The Impact of the Cold War and the Struggles for Independence, 1945-1954; and Chapter 2 The Application of Bipolarity, 1954-1970; in Yahuda, Michael, International Politics of the Asia-Pacific, pp. 21-72.

Week 3: The Balance of Power and the Transformation of East Asian International Order Learning objectives:

1. To gain an understanding of the continuities and changes between the Cold War and post-Cold War periods in East Asia;

2. To appreciate and to be able to evaluate competing conceptions of regional order and power dynamics. Essential reading:

Kim, Samuel S. (2014) ‘The Evolving Asian System: Three Transformations’, in Shambaugh and Yahuda (eds.) International Relations of Asia, pp. 33-58. [Textbook 1]

Shambaugh, David (2014) ‘International Relations in Asia: A Multidimensional Analysis’, in Shambaugh and Yahuda (eds.) International Relations of Asia, pp. 3-29. [Textbook 1]

Acharya, Amitav (2014) ‘Power Shift or Paradigm Shift? China’s Rise and Asia's Emerging Security Order’, International Studies Quarterly 58 (1): 158–173.

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Goh, Evelyne (2013) ‘Introduction: Order Transition in East Asia’, in Evelyn Goh, The Struggle for Order: Hegemony, Hierarchy, and Transition in Post-Cold War East Asia (Oxford: Oxford University Press), pp. 1-27.

Ikenberry, G. John (2014) ‘From Hegemony to the Balance of Power: The Rise of China and American Grand Strategy in East Asia’, International Journal of Korean Unification Studies, 23 (2): 41–63. Recommended reading:

Acharya, Amitav, ‘Will Asia’s Past Be Its Future?’ International Security, Vol. 28, No. 3 (Winter 2003/04), pp. 149-164.

Ashizawa, K., ‘Japan’s Approach toward Asian regional security’, Pacific Review, 16:3, 2003.

Berger, Thomas C., ‘Set for Stability? Prospects for Conflict and Cooperation in East Asia,’ Review of International Studies, Vol. 26, No. 3 (July 2000), pp.405-428.

Betts, Richard K., ‘Wealth, Power, and Instability: East Asia and the United States after the Cold War,’ International Security, 18:3 (Winter 1993/4).

Brzezinski, Zbigniew and John J. Mearsheimer, ‘Clash of the Titans’, Foreign Policy, No. 146, (Jan/Feb2005), pp. 46-50.

Chan, Steve and Hu, Richard, 'East Asia’s Enduring Rivalries: Ripe for Abatement?' Journal of Asian Security and International Affairs Vol. 2 No. 2 (August 2015), pp.133-153.

Chu, Shulong, ‘A Mechanism to Stabilize U.S.-China-Japan Trilateral Relations in Asia’, Centre for Northeast Asian Policy Studies, The Brookings Institution, January 2008.

Dreyer, June Teufel, ‘China’s Power and Will: The PRC’s Military Strength and Grand Strategy’, Orbis, Fall 2007, pp. 647-660.

Duffield, John S. ‘Why is there no APTO? Why is there no OSCAP: Asia Pacific Security Institutions in Comparative Perspective,’ Contemporary Security Policy, Vol. 22, No. 2, (Aug. 2001)

Fravel, M. Taylor, ‘China’s Search for Military Power’, Washington Quarterly, 31:3, 2008.

Friedberg, Aaron, ‘Ripe for Rivalry: Prospects for Peace in a Multipolar Asia,’ International Security, Vol. 18, No. 3 (Winter 1993/1994), pp. 5-33.

Goh, Evelyne (2013) The Struggle for Order: Hegemony, Hierarchy, and Transition in Post-Cold War East Asia (Oxford: Oxford University Press).

Gries, Peter, ‘Problems of Misperception in U.S.-China Relations’, Orbis, Spring 2009, Volume 53, Number 2.

Heginbotham, Eric et al (2017) The U.S.-China Military Score Card (Santa Monica, CA: Rand). http://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/research_reports/RR300/RR392/RAND_RR392.pdf.

Hemmer, Christopher and Peter J. Katzenstein, ‘Why is There No NATO in Asia? Collective Identity, Regionalism, and the Origins of Multilateralism,’ International Organization, Vol. 56, No. 3 (Summer 2002), pp. 575 – 607

Johnston, A. I., ‘Is China a Status Quo Power?’, International Security, 27:.4, 2003.

Kang, David, ‘Getting Asia Wrong: the Need for New Analytical Frameworks’, International Security, 27: 4, Spring 2003.

Kaplan, Robert (2012) ‘Why John J. Mearsheimer Is Right (About Some Things)’, The Atlantic, January/February. https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2012/01/why-john-j-mearsheimer-is-right-about-some-things/308839/.

Lieberthal, Kenneth, ‘China’s Strategies and Goals Toward Northeast Asia’, Asia Policy, No. 3 January 2007, pp. 65-70.

Medeiros, Evan S. ‘Strategic Hedging and the Future of Asia-Pacific Stability,’ The Washington Quarterly, 9:1 (Winter 2005-06), pp. 145–167.

Menon, Rajan (2016) ‘Asia in the 21st Century: Strategic Realignments amidst a Changing Balance of Power’, Carnegie Council for Ethics and International Affairs. https://www.carnegiecouncil.org/publications/articles_papers_reports/755.

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Office of the Secretary of Defense, Annual Report to Congress: Military and Security Developments Involving the People’s Republic of China 2013, Department of Defense, 2013.

Okamoto, Yukio, ‘Great-Power Relations in Asia: A Japanese Perspective’, Survival, 51: 6 (2009), 29-35.

Pollack, Jonathan D., ‘Chinese Military Power: What Vexes the United States and Why?’, Orbis, Fall 2007, pp. 635-650.

Ross, Robert, ‘The Geography of the Peace: East Asia in the Twenty-first Century’, International Security, 23:4 (Spring 1999): 81-118.

Samuels, Richard J., ‘Japan’s Emerging Grand Strategy’, Asia Policy, No. 3 January 2007, pp. 57-64.

Spruyt, H., ‘A New Architecture for Peace? Reconfiguring Japan among the Great Powers’, Pacific Review, 11:3, 1998.

Swaine, Michael D. with Wenyan Deng and Aube Rey Lescure (2016) Creating a Stable Asia: An Agenda for a U.S.-China Balance of Power (Washington D.C.: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace).

Vogel, Ezra, ‘Introduction’, in Vogel, Ezra, Ming Yuan and Akihiko Tanaka (eds.) The Golden Age of the U.S.-China-Japan Triangle, 1972-1989. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2002), pp. 1-14.

Wickett, Xenia, John Nilsson-Wright and Tim Summers (2015) The Asia-Pacific Power Balance: Beyond the US–China Narrative, Research Paper, Chatham House (London: Chatham House).

Yahuda, Michael, ‘Chapter 3 The Period of Tripolarity, 1971-1989’, in Yahuda, Michael, International Politics of the Asia-Pacific, pp. 56-75. Week 4: Great Powers and Regional Security Challenges in East Asia Learning objectives:

1. To understand the challenges posed by constantly changing power structure to regional security; and institutional responses from great powers and regional states in managing those security challenges;

2. To gain an in-depth understanding of two key evolving regional security challenges, namely, the North Korean nuclear threat; and security competition in the South China Sea, and how these have been managed by the great powers and regional states. Essential reading:

Cossa, Ralph A. (2014) ‘Security Dynamics in East Asia’, in Shambaugh and Yahuda (eds.) International Relations of Asia, pp. 365-390. [Textbook 1]

Snyder, Scott (2014) ‘The Korean Peninsula and Northeast Asian Stability’, in Shambaugh and Yahuda (eds.) International Relations of Asia, pp. 293-313. [Textbook 1]

Ba, Alice D. (2014) ‘Asia’s Regional Security Institutions’, in Pekkanen, Ravenhill, and Foot (eds.) Oxford Handbook of the International Relations of Asia, pp. 667-689. [Textbook 2]

Cha, Victor (2014) ‘American Alliances and Regional Architecture’, in Pekkanen, Ravenhill, and Foot (eds.) Oxford Handbook of the International Relations of Asia, pp. 737-757. [Textbook 2]

Recommended reading:

Bisley, Nick (2012) ‘China's Rise and the Making of East Asia's Security Architecture’, Journal of Contemporary China, 21 (73): 19-34.

Liff, Adam P. and John Ikenberry (2014) ‘Racing Towards Tragedy? China’s Rise, Military Competition in the Asia Pacific and the Security Dilemma’, International Security, 39 (2), pp. 52-91.

Buzan, Barry, ‘Security Architecture in Asia: the Interplay of Regional and Global Levels’, Pacific Review, 16 (3): 143-173, 2003.

Cha, Victor, ‘Power Play: Origins of the US Alliance System in Asia’, International Security, 34:3, (2010) pp. 158-196.

Cha, Victor D. (2011) ‘Complex Patchworks: U.S. Alliances as Part of Asia’s Regional Architecture’, Asia Policy, No. 11: 27-50.

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Chenlett-Avery, Emma, ‘The US-Japan Alliance’, CRS Report to Congress, 18 January 2011. Washington D.C. Congressional Research Service, 2011.

deLisle, Jacques, ‘Regional Security in East Asia: A FPRI conference report, Foreign Policy Research Institute E-Notes, January 2011.

Fujisaki, Ichiro, ‘What Is Next for the Japanese-U.S. Alliance? Deepening Cooperation, 50 Years Later’, Foreign Affairs, February 2010.

Goldstein, Avery, ‘Balance-of-Power Politics: Consequences for Asian Security Order’, in Alagappa, M. (ed.) Asian Security Order: Instrumental and Normative Features (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2003), pp. 171-209.

Kang, David, ‘US Alliances and the Security Dilemma in the Asia-Pacific’ in Acharya, Amitav and Evelyn Goh eds., Reassessing Security Cooperation in the Asia Pacific: Competition, Congruence, and Transformation (Cambridge, MASS: MIT Press, 2007), pp. 71-92.

Koga, Kei, ‘The US and East Asian Regional Security Architecture: Building a Regional Security Nexus on Hub-and-Spoke’, Asian Perspective, 35 (1): 1-36, 2011. The North Korean Nuclear Threat and Regional Responses

Cha, Victor (2017) ‘Countering the North Korean Threat: New Steps in U.S. Policy: A Testimony by Dr. Victor Cha before the U.S. House of Representatives Foreign Affairs Committee on February 7, 2017. https://beyondparallel.csis.org/countering-north-korean-threat-new-steps-u-s-policy/.

Chhabra, Tarun and Bruce Jones (2017) ‘Averting Catastrophe: US Policy Options for North Korea: A Brookings Interview’, Brookings Institution. https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/fp_201704_north_korea_avoiding_catastrophe.pdf

Friedman, Uri (2017) ‘North Korea: The Military Options—What would a strike actually entail?’ The Atlantic, May 17, 2017. https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2017/05/war-north-korea-options/524049/.

Glaser, Bonnie S. and Wang Liang (2008) ‘North Korea: The Beginning of a China-U.S. Partnership?’, The Washington Quarterly, 31:3 pp. 165–180.

Hughes, Christopher R. (2007) ‘North Korea’s Nuclear Weapons: Implications for the Nuclear Ambitions of Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan’, Asia Policy, 3, pp. 75-104.

Moon, Chung-In et al (2017) ‘Roundtable: The North Korean Nuclear Threat: Regional Perspectives on a Nuclear-Free Peninsula’, Asia Policy, 23: 71-110.

Snyder, Scott (2007) ‘Responses to North Korea’s Nuclear Test: Capitulation or Collective Action’ The Washington Quarterly, 30 (4), pp. 33-43.

Twomey, Christopher P. (2011) ‘Asia’s Complex Strategic Environment: Nuclear Multipolarity and Other Dangers’, Asia Policy, 11, pp. 51-78.

Vyas, Utpal, Ching-Chang Chen and Denny Roy (eds.) (2015) The North Korea Crisis and Regional Responses (Honolulu, Hawaii: East-West Centre).

Yuan, Jingdong (2014) ‘Nuclear Politics in Asia’, in Pekkanen, Saadia, John Ravenhill, and Rosemary Foot (eds.) Oxford Handbook of the International Relations of Asia (Oxford: Oxford University Press), pp. 505-523.

Revere, Evans (2016) ‘US Policy and East Asian Security: Challenge and Response’, On the Record, 25 January 2016, Brookings Institution. https://www.brookings.edu/on-the-record/u-s-policy-and-east-asian-security-challenge-and-response/.

Zhu, Feng (2017) ‘China's North Korean Liability: How Washington Can Get Beijing to Rein In Pyongyang’, Foreign Affairs, 11 July 2017. https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/china/2017-07-11/chinas-north-korean-liability?cid=int-lea&pgtype=hpg. Security Competition in the South China Sea

Bader, Jeffrey, Kenneth Lieberthal and Michael McDevitt (2014) ‘Keeping the South China Sea in Perspective’, The Foreign Policy Brief, Brookings Institution. https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/south-china-sea-perspective-bader-lieberthal-mcdevitt.pdf.

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Chen, Xiangmiao (2017) ‘Geopolitical Competition in the South China Sea’, China US Focus, April 10, 2017. http://www.chinausfocus.com/peace-security/geopolitical-competition-in-the-south-china-sea.

Cronin, Patrick M. (2016) Power and Order in the South China Sea: A Strategic Framework for U.S. Policy. Centre for a New American Security. https://www.cnas.org/publications/reports/power-and-order-in-the-south-china-sea.

Fravel, M. Taylor (2014) ‘Territorial and Maritime Boundary Disputes in Asia’, in Pekkanen, Saadia, John Ravenhill, and Rosemary Foot (eds.) Oxford Handbook of the International Relations of Asia (Oxford: Oxford University Press), pp. 524-546.

Joshi, Manoj (2016) The South China Sea Disputes: Territorial Claims, Geopolitics, and International Law, ORF Occasional Paper 97, August 2016. http://cf.orfonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/ORF_OccasionalPaper_97.pdf.

Lin, Kun-Chin and Andrés Villar Gertner (2015) ‘Maritime Security in the Asia-Pacific: China and the Emerging Order in the East and South China Seas’, Research Paper (London: Chatham House).

Storey, Ian and Cheng-Yi Lin (eds.) (2016) The South China Sea Dispute: Navigating Diplomatic and Strategic Tensions (Singapore: ISEAS–Yusof Ishak Institute).

Vuving, Alexander (2017) ‘How America Can Take Control in the South China Sea’, Foreign Policy, February 13, 2017. http://foreignpolicy.com/2017/02/13/how-the-u-s-can-take-control-in-the-south-china-sea/.

You, Ji (2016) ‘The Sino-US ‘Cat-and-Mouse’ Game Concerning Freedom of Navigation and Flights: An Analysis of Chinese Perspectives’, Journal of Strategic Studies, 39 (5-6), pp. 637-661.

Zhou, Fangyin (2016) ‘Between Assertiveness and Self-restraint: Understanding China's South China Sea Policy’, International Affairs, 92 (3): 869–890. Week 5: The Rise of China and Sino-US Relations in the 21st Century Learning objectives:

1. To gain an understanding of the complexity and centrality of Sino-US Relations in power politics in East Asia;

2. To be able to explain key challenges posed by the rise of China to the exercise of America’s hegemonic power in East Asia. Essential reading:

Saunders, Philip C. (2014), ‘China’s Role in Asia: Attractive or Assertive?’, in Shambaugh and Yahuda (eds.) International Relations of Asia, pp. 147-172. [Textbook 1]

Sutter, Robert (2014), ‘The United States in Asia: Durable Leadership’, in Shambaugh and Yahuda (eds.) International Relations of Asia, pp. 93-114. [Textbook 1]

Friedberg, Aaron L. (2015) ‘The Debate Over US China Strategy’, Survival, 57 (3), pp. 89–110.

Khong, Yuen Foong (2013/14) ‘Primacy or World Order? The United States and China's Rise—A Review Essay’ International Security, 38 (3): 153–175.

Shambaugh, David (2013) ‘Tangled Titans: Conceptualizing the US-China Relationship’, in David Shambaugh (ed.) Tangled Titans: The United States and China (Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield), pp. 3-28.

Zhao, Suisheng (2014) ‘A New Model of Big Power Relations? China–US Strategic Rivalry and Balance of Power in the Asia–Pacific’, Journal of Contemporary China, 24 (93), pp. 377-397.

Contending American Perspectives

Allison, Graham (2015) ‘The Thucydides Trap: Are the U.S. and China Headed for War?’, The Atlantic, 25 September 2015. https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2015/09/united-states-china-war-thucydides-trap/406756/.

Bergsten, Fred (2008) ‘A Partnership of Equals, How Washington Should Respond to China’s Economic Challenge’, Foreign Affairs, 87 (4): 57-69.

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Brzezinski, Zbigniew and John J. Mearsheimer (2005) ‘Clash of the Titans’, Foreign Policy, 146: 46-50.

Blackwill, Robert D. and Ashley Tellis (2015) Revising U.S. Grand Strategy Toward China, Council Special Report 72. (New York: Council on Foreign Relations).

Recommended reading:

Blair, Dennis C. and Carla A. Hills, US-China Relations: An Affirmative Agenda, A Responsible Course—Report of An Independent Task Force, New York: Council on Foreign Relations, 2007.

Breslin, Shaun, ‘Understanding China’s Regional Rise: Interpretations, Identities and Implications’, International Affairs, 85: 4 (2009), pp. 817–835.

Christensen, Thomas J., ‘Fostering Stability or Creating a Monster? The Rise of China and U.S. Policy toward East Asia,’ International Security, Vol. 31, No. 1 (Summer 2006), pp. 81-126.

Christensen, Thomas J., ‘Posing Problems without Catching Up: China’s Rise and Challenges for U.S. Security Policy’, International Security, 25:4, Spring 2001.

Clark, Ian, ‘China and the United States: a succession of hegemonies?’ International Affairs (January 2011) Volume 87, Issue 1, pages 13–28.

Deng, Yong, ’Hegemon on the Offensive. Chinese Perspectives of U.S. Global Strategy’. Political Science Quarterly 116 (3) (2001): 343-365.

Foot, Rosemary, 'China and the United States: Between Cold and Warm Peace', Survival, 51: 6 (2009), 123-146.

Foot, Rosemary, ‘Chinese Strategies in a US Hegemonic Global Order: Accommodating and Hedging’, International Affairs, 82:1, Jan. 2006.

Fravel, M. Taylor, ‘China’s Search for Military Power’, The Washington Quarterly, Summer 2008, 31:3 pp. 125–141.

Friedberg, Aaron L., ‘11 September and the Future of Sino-American Relations’, Survival, 44 :1 (Spring 2002), pp. 33-50.

Friedberg, Aaron L., ‘Introduction: A Contest for Supremacy’, in A Contest for Supremacy: China, America and the Struggle for Mastery of Asia (New York: W.W. Norton & Co. 2011), pp. 1-8.

Friedberg, Aaron L., ‘The Future of U.S.-China Relations: Is Conflict Inevitable?’ International Security, Vol. 30, No. 2 (Fall 2005), pp. 7–45.

Glaser, Charles L. (2015) ‘A US-China Grand Bargain: The Hard Choice Between Military Competition and Accommodation’, International Security, 39 (4): 49–90.

Gompert, David C. and Martin Libicki (2014) ‘Cyber Warfare and Sino-American Crisis Instability’, Survival, 56 (4): 7-22.

Holslag, Jonathan (2014) ‘The Smart Revisionist’, Survival, 56 (5): 95-116.

Jacques, Martin (2015) ‘How the AIIB is transforming the balance of power in East Asia’, Global Times, 31March 2015. http://www.martinjacques.com/articles/articles-geopolitics-globalisation/how-the-aiib-is-transforming-the-balance-of-power-in-east-asia/.

Jia, Qingguo, ‘Learning to Live with the Hegemon: Evolution of China’s Policy toward the US since the End of the Cold War’, Journal of Contemporary China, 14:44 (2005), pp. 395–407.

Johnston, Alistair I., ‘How New and How Assertive is China’s New Assertiveness?’ International Security, Vol. 37, No. 4 (Spring 2013), pp. 7–48.

Kirshner, Jonathan (2012) ‘The Tragedy of Offensive Realism: Classical Realism and the Rise of China’, European Journal of International Relations, 18 (1), pp. 53-75.

Kokubun, Ryosei and Wang, Jisi (eds.), The Rise of China and a Changing East Asian Order, Tokyo: Japan Centre for International Exchange, 2004.

Lampton, David M. ‘The United States and China in the Age of Obama: Looking Each Other Straight in the Eyes’, Journal of Contemporary China, 18 (2009), pp. 703-727.

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Mearsheimer, John J., ‘China’s Unpeaceful Rise,’ Current History, (April 2006),

Medeiros, Evan S. and M. Taylor Fravel, ‘China’s New Diplomacy,’ Foreign Affairs, (Nov/Dec 2003), pp. 22-35.

Medeiros, Evan S., ‘Strategic Hedging and the Future of Asia-Pacific Stability’, The Washington Quarterly, Vol. 29, No. 1 (Winter 2005-06), pp. 145–167.

Pan, Su-Yan & Lo, Joe Tin-Yau, ‘Re-conceptualizing China's rise as a global power: a neo-tributary perspective’, The Pacific Review (2015), DOI: 10.1080/09512748.2015.1075578

Shambaugh, David, ‘Sino-American Strategic Relations: From Partners to Competitors’, Survival, Vol. 42 No. 1 (Spring 2000), pp. 97-115.

Subramanian, Arvind (2011) ‘The Inevitable Superpower: Why China’s Dominance Is a Sure Thing’, Foreign Affairs, 90 (5): 66-78.

Tellis, Ashley (2013) ‘US-China Relations in a Realist World’, in David Shambaugh (ed.) Tangled Titans: The United States and China (Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield), pp. 75-102.

Walt, Stephen, ‘China’s New Strategy’, Foreign Policy, April 2010.

Wang, Jisi (2011) ‘China’s Search for a Grand Strategy—A Rising Power Finds Its Way’, Foreign Affairs, 90 (2): 68-79.

Wang, Jisi, ‘America in Asia: How much does China care?’, GlobalAsia, 2 (2), Fall 2007.

Wang, Jisi, ‘China’s Search for Stability with the United States’, Foreign Affairs, 84: 4 (Sept/Oct. 2005), pp. 35-48.

Xiang, Lanxin, ‘Washington’s Misguided China Policy’. Survival, 43:3 (Summer 2001), pp. 7-24. See also response by David Shambaugh, ‘China or America: Which is the Revisionist Power?’, Survival, 43:3 (Summer 2001) pp. 25-30.

Yahuda, Michael, ‘The new structure of international relations’, in Yahuda, Michael, International Politics of the Asia-Pacific, pp. 163-185.

Yuan, Jindong (2016) ‘Averting US–China Conflict in the Asia–Pacific’, International Affairs, 92 (3): 977–986.

Zeng, Jinghan and Shaun Breslin (2016) ‘China's “New Type of Great Power Relations”: A G2 with Chinese Characteristics?’ International Affairs, 92 (3): 773–794.

Zheng, Bijian, ‘China’s Peaceful Rise to Great Power Status’, Foreign Affairs, 84:4 (2005), pp. 18-24.

Zoellick, Robert, ‘Whither China: from Membership to Responsibility?--Remarks to the National Committee on U.S.-China Relations’, NBR Analysis, Vol. 16, No. 4, National Bureau of Asian Research, Seattle: Washington, December 2005. See also the roundtable discussions in the same issue. Week 6: Reading Week Week 7: Japan and China in the Evolving Regional Order of East Asia Learning objectives:

1. To gain an understanding of the role Japan has played as a great power in East Asian international

relations;

2. To be able to explain how and why great power rivalries between Japan and China have had and continue

to have significant impact on the evolution of the East Asian regional order.

Essential reading:

Green, Michael (2014) ‘Japan’s Role in Asia: Searching for Certainty’, in Shambaugh and Yahuda (eds.) International Relations of Asia, pp. 197-222. [Textbook 1]

Saunders, Philip C. (2014), ‘China’s Role in Asia: Attractive or Assertive?’, in Shambaugh and Yahuda (eds.) International Relations of Asia, pp. 147-172. [Textbook 1]

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Hughes, Christopher (2014) ‘Japan’s Foreign Security Relations and Policies’, in Pekkanen, Ravenhill, and Foot (eds.) Oxford Handbook of the International Relations of Asia, pp. 371-390. [Textbook 2]

Calder, Kent E. (2006) ‘China and Japan’s Simmering Rivalry’, Foreign Affairs, 85 (2): 129-139.

Goh, Evelyn (2011) ‘How Japan Matters in the Evolving East Asian Security Order’, International Affairs, 87:4, pp. 887-902.

Hiroki Takeuchi (2014) ‘Sino-Japanese Relations: Power, Interdependence, and Domestic Politics’, International Relations of the Asia-Pacific, 14 (1), pp. 7–32.

Recommended reading:

Beeson, Mark (2013) ‘Can China Lead?’, Third World Quarterly, 34 (2), pp. 233-250.

Berger, Thomas. ‘Japan’s International Relations: The Political and Security Dimensions.’ In Kim, Samuel S., ed. The International Relations of Northeast Asia.

Cha, Victor, ‘Multilateral Security in Asia and the U.S.-Japan Alliance,’ G. John Ikenberry and Takashi Inoguchi, Reinventing the Alliance: U.S.-Japan Security Partnership in an Era of Change (New York: Palgrave, 2003), pp. 141-162.

Chanlett-Avery, Emma et al, ‘Sino-Japanese relations: Issues for US policy’, CRS Report to Congress, 19 December 2008.

Glosserman, Brad (Rapporteur), ‘Japan-U.S. Security Relations: A Testing Time for the Alliance’, Issues & Insights, Vol. 9- No. 14, Pacific Forum CSIS, March 2009.Finnegan, Michael, Managing Unmet Expectations in the US-Japan Alliance, NBR Special Report, No. 17, November 2009.

Gries, Peter H., ‘China’s “New thinking on Japan’’, China Quarterly (2005).

Hughes, Christopher W., Japan’s Re-emergence as a ‘Normal’ Military Power, Adelphi Paper No. 368 (London: International Institute of Strategic Studies, 2004).

Hughes, Christopher W., ‘Japan’s Response to China’s Rise: Regional Engagement, Global Containment, Dangers of Collision’, International Affairs 85: 4 (2009) 837–856.

Hughes, Christopher W. (2016) ‘Japan’s “Resentful Realism” and Balancing China’s Rise’, Chinese Journal of International Politics, 9 (2): 109-150.

King, Amy & Taylor, Brendon (2016) 'Northeast Asia's New History Spiral', Asia & the Pacific Policy Studies, 3 (1), pp. 108-116.

Okamoto, Yukio, ‘Great-Power Relations in Asia: A Japanese Perspective’, Survival, 51: 6 (2009), 29-35.

Pyle, Kenneth B., Japan Rising: The Resurgence of Japanese Power and Purpose (New York: Public Affairs, 2007), particularly, ‘The Japan Puzzle’, pp. 1-17.

Research Group on the Japan-US Alliance, ‘A New Phase in the Japan-US Alliance: The Japan-US Alliance Toward 2020’, 2009 Project Report, Institute for International Policy Studies, September 2009, available at http://www.iips.org/jussec/J-US-SEC2009e.pdf.

Ross, Robert, ‘The Rise of Chinese Power and the Implications for Regional Security Order’, Orbis, 2010, 54:4, pp. 525-545.

Roy, Denny, ‘The Sources and Limits of Sino-Japanese Tensions’, Survival, 47:2, Summer 2005.

Samuels, R. J., ‘New Fighting Power!’ Japan’s Growing Maritime Capabilities and East Asian Security’, International Security, 32:3, 2008.

Takahara, Akio, ‘Security in East Asia after the Cold War: China's New Concept of Security and Japan's Response’, Hiroshima Peace Institute Hiroshima, Japan, March 2004.

Tow, William, ‘The Trilateral Strategic Dialogue: Facilitating Community-Building or Revisiting Containment’, in Assessing the Trilateral Strategic Dialogue, NBR Special Report, No. 16, December 2008.

Van Ness, Peter, ‘Japan, the Indispensable Power in Northeast Asia’, GlobalAsia, 4 (4) Winter 2010.

Wu, Xinbo, ‘The End of the Silver Lining: A Chinese View of the U.S.-Japanese Alliance’, Washington

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Quarterly, 29:1, Winter 2005-06, pp. 119-130.

Yamada, Yasuhiro, ‘International Relations of East Asia in Transition, and ASEAN, China, the United States and Japan’, Discussion Papers of Contemporary China Studies, No. 2009-3; Osaka University Forum on China, March 2009.

Week 8: China, Russia and the Logics of Power Politics Learning objectives:

1. To gain an understanding of what has driven China and Russia to close strategic and economic cooperation in recent years;

2. To be able to critically analyse this bilateral great power relations by applying the realist insights about the logics of power politics. Essential reading:

Olcott, Martha Brill (2014) ‘Central Asia: The End of the “Great Game”?’, in Shambaugh and Yahuda (eds.) International Relations of Asia, pp. 267-292. [Textbook 1]

Charap, Samuel, John Drennan and Pierre Noël (2017) ‘Russia and China: A New Model of Great-Power Relations’, Survival, 59 (1): 25-42.

Duchâtel, Mathieu et al (2016) ‘China and Russia: Gaming the West’, China Analysis (London: European Council on Foreign Relations).

Fu, Ying (2016) ‘How China Sees Russia: Beijing and Moscow Are Close but Not Allies’, Foreign Affairs, 96 (1): 96-105.

Yu Bin (2016) ‘Russia-China Relations: Politics of Reluctant Allies’, Comparative Connections, 18 (2), pp.129-144.

Recommended reading:

Carlson, Brian G. (2016) ‘China–Russia Relations and the Inertia of History’, Survival, 58 (3): 213-222.

Carlsson, Märta, Susanne Oxenstierna and Mikael Weissmann (2015) China and Russia – A Study on Cooperation, Competition and Distrust, (Stockholm: Swedish Defence Research Agency).

Chase, Michael S. et al (2017) Russia-China Relations: Assessing Common Ground and Strategic Faultlines, NBR Special Report 66 (Seattle, WA: National Bureau of Asian Research).

Christensen, Thomas (2016) The China Challenge: Shaping the Choices of a Rising Power, Chapter 6. The Soviet Collapse and China’s Rise, 1991–2000.

Kaczmarski, Marcin (2015) Russia-China Relations in the Post-Crisis International Order (London and New York: Routledge).

Koldunova, Ekaterina (2016) ‘Russia’s Involvement in Regional Cooperation in East Asia: Opportunities and Limitations of Constructive Engagement’, Asian Survey, 56 (3): 532-554.

Larson, Deborah Welch and Alexei Shevchenko (2010) ‘Status Seekers: Chinese and Russian Responses to US Primacy’, International Security, 34 (4): 63-95.

Lo, Bobo (2017) A Wary Embrace: What the China-Russia Relationship Means for the World (Sydney: Lowy Institute for International Policy/Penguin).

Mankoff, Jeffrey (2015) ‘Russia’s Asia Pivot’, Asia Policy, 19: 65-87.

Nathan, Andrew and Andrew Scobell (2012) ‘Life on the Hinge: China’s Russia Policy During the Cold War and After?’, in Nathan and Scobell, China’s Search for Security, pp. 65-88.

Saalman, Lora (ed.) (2017) China-Russia Relations and Regional Dynamics (Stockholm: Stockholm International Peace Research Institute). Recommended watching:

Brookings Institution (2015) ‘The Emerging China-Russia Axis: The Return of Geopolitics?’, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QJ3G7dDnkzE.

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Week 9: ASEAN and Regional Security Cooperation in East Asia Learning objectives:

1. To gain an understanding of the historical evolution of ASEAN and associated institutions as responses to major security challenges facing ASEAN member states;

2. To be able to evaluate critically the role ASEAN has played in managing regional security challenges and great power politics. Essential reading:

Simon, Sheldon W. (2014) ‘ASEAN and Southeast Asia: Remaining Relevant’, in Shambaugh and Yahuda (eds.) International Relations of Asia, pp. 225-246. [Textbook 1]

Goh, Evelyn (2014) ‘Southeast Asia’s Evolving Security Relations and Strategies’, in Pekkanen, Ravenhill, and Foot (eds.) Oxford Handbook of the International Relations of Asia, pp. 462-480. [Textbook 2]

Beeson, Mark (2016) ‘Can ASEAN Cope with China?’, Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs, 35 (1), pp. 5–28. Friedrichs, Jörg (2012) ‘East Asian Regional Security: What the ASEAN Family Can (Not) Do’, Asian Survey, 52 (4), pp. 754-776.

Jones, David Martin and Nicole Jenne (2016) ‘Weak states' regionalism: ASEAN and the limits of security cooperation in Pacific Asia’, International Relations of the Asia-Pacific, 16 (2), pp. 209–240.

Recommended reading:

Acharya, Amitav, ‘Regional Institutions and Security in the Asia-Pacific: Evolution, Adaptation and Prospects of Transformation’, in Acharya and Goh (eds.) Reassessing Security Cooperation in the Asia-Pacific (2007), pp. 19-40.

Ba, Alice (2010) ‘Regional Security in East Asia: ASEAN’s Value Added and Limitations’, Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs, 3, 2010, pp. 115-130.

Chu, Shulong, ‘The ASEAN Plus Three Process and East Asian Security Cooperation’ in Acharya and Goh (eds.) Reassessing Security Cooperation in the Asia-Pacific (2007), pp. 155-176.

Eaton, Sarah and Richard Stubbs, ‘Is ASEAN Powerful? Neo-Realist Versus Constructivist Approaches to Power in Southeast Asia,’ The Pacific Review, Vo. 19, No. 2 (June 2006) pp. 135-155.

Gerstl, Alfred, ‘The China Factor in Regional Security Cooperation: The ASEAN Regional Forum and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization’, Austrian Journal of South-East Asian Studies, 1 (2), 2008, pp.118-139

Goh, Evelyn (2007/8) ‘Great Powers and Hierarchical Order in Southeast Asia’, International Security 32 (3): 113-157.

Goh, Evelyn, ‘Institutions and the Great Power Bargain in East Asia: ASEAN's Limited “Brokerage” Role’, International Relations of the Asia-Pacific (2011) 11(3): 373-401.

Hughes, Christopher R., 'Nationalism and Multilateralism in Chinese Foreign Policy: Implications for Southeast Asia', The Pacific Review, 18: 1 (2005): 119-135.

Jones, David Martin and Michael L. R. Smith, ‘Making Process, Not Progress: ASEAN and the Evolving East Asian Regional Order’, International Security, Vol. 32, No. 1 (2007) pp.148-184.

Jones Lee, ‘Still in the ‘Driver’s Seat’, But for How Long? ASEAN’s Capacity for Leadership in East-Asian International Relations’ Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs (2010) vol. 29, (3) 95-113.

Naidu, G.V.C., ‘Multilateralism and Regional Security: Can the ASEAN Regional Forum Really Make a Difference?’, Asia Pacific Issues, No. 45, August 2000.

Nanto, Dick K., ‘East Asian Regional Architecture: New Economic and Security Arrangements and U.S. Policy’, CRS Report for Congress, 33653, January 2008.

Okawara, Nobuo and Peter J. Katzenstein, ‘Japan and Asian-Pacific Security: Regionalization, Entrenched Bilateralism and Incipient Multilateralism’, The Pacific Review, Vol. 14, No. 2 2001, pp. 165–

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194.

Shambaugh, David, ‘China Engages Asia: Reshaping the Regional Order’, International Security, 29:3 (Winter 2004/05)

Sukma, Rizal, ‘ASEAN, Regional Security and The Role of the United States: A View from Southeast Asia”, research paper published by Institute for International Policy Studies (IIPS) Tokyo, 2004.

Thayer, Carlyle, A. ‘Southeast Asian Reactions to China’s Peaceful Development Doctrine: Indonesia, the Philippines , and Thailand’, Assessing Regional Reactions to China’s Peaceful Development Doctrine, NBR Analysis, Vol. 18, no. 5, April 2008, pp. 5-14.

Twining, Daniel, ‘America’s Grand Design in Asia’, The Washington Quarterly, Summer 2007, 30:3 pp. 79–94.

Yahuda, M., ‘China’s Multilateralism and Regional Order’, in Wu, G., and H. Lansdowne (eds.) China Turns to Multilateralism (2008). Week 10: Global Power Shift and the Return of Geopolitics in East Asia Learning objectives:

1. To gain a critical understanding of the ongoing global power shift and what it means for power politics in East Asia;

2. To be able to evaluate critically whether there is now a return of geopolitics in East Asia. Essential reading:

Allison, Graham (2015) ‘The Thucydides Trap: Are the U.S. and China Headed for War?’, The Atlantic, 25 September 2015. https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2015/09/united-states-china-war-thucydides-trap/406756/.

Ikenberry, G. John (2014) ‘The Illusion of Geopolitics: The Enduring Power of Liberal Order’, Foreign Affairs, 93 (3): 80-90.

Mead, Walter Russell (2014) ‘The Return of Geopolitics: The Revenge of the Revisionist Powers’, Foreign Affairs, 93 (3): 69-79.

Mearsheimer, John (2010) ‘The Gathering Storm: China’s Challenge to US Power in Asia’, Chinese Journal of International Politics, 3 (4): 381-396.

Nye, Joseph S. (2014) ‘Is the American Century Over?’, Special Lecture by Professor Joseph Nye, December 10, 2014, Korean Foundation for Advanced Studies, Seoul, Korea. https://www.files.ethz.ch/isn/187176/Lecture%20Transcript_December_2014.pdf.

Zala, Benjamin (2014) ‘The Return of Great Power Politics’, Open Democracy, 25 April 2014. https://www.opendemocracy.net/opensecurity/benjamin-zala/return-of-greatpower-politics.

Essential watching:

Nye, Joseph S. (2015) ‘U.S. Decline or the Rise of the Rest: Is The American Century Over?’. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7G7xW8HEbJ0. Recommended reading:

Acharya, Amitav (2014) The End of American World Order (Cambridge: Polity).

Clinton, Hilary (2011) ‘America’s Pacific Century’, Foreign Policy, 11 November 2011. http://foreignpolicy.com/2011/10/11/americas-pacific-century/.

Gat, Azar (2007) ‘The Return of the Authoritarian Great Powers’, Foreign Affairs, 86 (4): 59-69.

Gat, Azar, Daniel Deudney and G. John Ikenberry, and Ronald Inglehart and Christian Welzel (2009) ‘Which Way Is History Marching? Debating the Authoritarian Revival’, Foreign Affairs, 88 (4), pp. 150–59.

Glaser, Bonnie and Lyle Morris, ‘Chinese Perceptions of U.S. Decline and Power’, China Brief, Vol. 9, Issue 14, The Jamestown Foundation, July 2009.

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Goldstein, A., ‘Power Transitions, Institutions, and China’s Rise in East Asia: Theoretical Expectations and Evidence,’ Journal of Strategic Studies, 30:4-5, Aug.-Oct. 2007.

Green, Michael J. (2014) ‘Strategic Asian Triangles’, in Pekkanen, Saadia, John Ravenhill, and Rosemary Foot (eds.) Oxford Handbook of the International Relations of Asia (Oxford: Oxford University Press), pp. 758-774.

Guzzini, Stefano (ed.) (2012) The Return of Geopolitics in Europe? Social Mechanisms and Foreign Policy Identity Crises (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).

Haass, Richard, ‘The Age of Nonpolarity: What Will Follow the US Dominance’, Foreign Affairs, Vol. 87 (May/June 2008).

Ikenberry, G. John (2011) ‘The Future of Liberal World Order: Internationalism after America’, Foreign Affairs, 90 (3), pp. 56-68.Beeson, Mark, ‘The United States and East Asia: The Decline of Long-distance Leadership?’,The Asia-Pacific Journal, 43-1-09, October 26, 2009.

Jacques, Martin (2012) When China Rules the World: The End of the Western World and the Birth of a New Global Order (London: Penguin).

Kagan, Robert (2009) The Return of History and the End of Dreams (New York: Vintage Books).

Kagan, Robert (2016) ‘Testimony of Dr. Robert Kagan, Senate Armed Services Committee, December 6, 2016’. https://www.armed-services.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/Kagan_12-06-16.pdf.

Kagan, Robert (2017) ‘Backing Into World War III’, Foreign Policy, http://foreignpolicy.com/2017/02/06/backing-into-world-war-iii-russia-china-trump-obama/.

Kaplan, Robert (2016) ‘Eurasia's Coming Anarchy: The Risks of Chinese and Russian Weakness’, Foreign Affairs, 95 (2): 33-41

Keohane, Robert O. (2012) ‘Hegemony and After: Knowns and Unknowns in the Debate Over Decline’, Foreign Affairs, 91 (4): 114-118.

Layne, Christopher, ‘The Waning of U.S. Hegemony--Myth or Reality?: A Review Essay’, International Security, Vol. 34, No. 1 (Summer 2009), pp. 147–172.

Mastro, Oriana Skylar (2014) ‘The Problems of the Liberal Peace in Asia’, Survival, 56 (2): 129-158.

Nye, Joseph S. (2010) ‘The Future of American Power: Dominance and Decline in Perspective’, Foreign Affairs, 89 (6): 2-12.

Nye, Joseph, ‘The Decline of America’s Soft Power’, Foreign Affairs, May/June 2004.

Rachman, Gideon, ‘American Decline: This Time It’s for Real’, Foreign Policy, January/February 2011.

Slaughter, Anne Marie, ‘America’s Edge’, in Foreign Affairs, Jan./Feb. 2009, pp. 94-113.

Wright, Thomas (2016) ‘China and Russia vs. America: Great-Power Revisionism Is Back’, National Interest, April 27 2015. http://nationalinterest.org/feature/china-russia-vs-america-great-power-revisionism-back-12733.

Zakaria, Fareed (2008) ‘Excerpt: Zakaria’s “The Post-American World”’. http://www.newsweek.com/excerpt-zakarias-post-american-world-89645.

Week 11: The United States and East Asia Rising in the Post-American World Learning objectives:

1. To be able to assess critically the implications of the Trump administration for the evolving power politics in East Asia;

2. To be able to contextualize an understanding of the future of power politics in East Asia in an analytical framework that posits the continued rise of East Asia. Essential reading:

Yahuda, Michael (2014) ‘Looking Ahead: A New Asian Order’, in Shambaugh and Yahuda (eds.) International Relations of Asia, pp. 393-410. [Textbook 1]

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Acharya, Amitav (2014) ‘International Relations Theory and the “Rise of Asia”’, in Pekkanen, Ravenhill, and Foot (eds.) Oxford Handbook of the International Relations of Asia, pp. 120-140. [Textbook 2]

Heydarian, Richard (2017) ‘Is this the cusp of a post-American order in East Asia?’, South China Morning Post, 29 May 2017. http://www.scmp.com/news/china/diplomacy-defence/article/2095874/cusp-post-american-order-asia.

Kuo, Mercy A. (2016) ‘The End of American World Order: Insights from Amitave Acharya’, The Diplomat, 10 November 2016. http://thediplomat.com/2016/11/the-end-of-american-world-order/.

Nye, Joseph S. (2017) ‘Will the Liberal Order Survive? The History of an Idea’, Foreign Affairs, 96 (1): 1-16.

Townshend, Ashley (2017) ‘America First: US Asia Policy under President Trump’, The United States Studies Centre, University of Sydney.

Essential watching:

Centre for International and Strategic Studies (2017) ‘Book Launch: Gideon Rachman's Easternization: Asia's Rise and America's Decline’. https://www.csis.org/events/book-launch-gideon-rachmans-easternization-asias-rise-and-americas-decline.

Recommended reading:

Albert, Elenor et al (2016) ‘What Future for the Asia Pivot Under Trump?’, Council on Foreign Relations. https://www.cfr.org/expert-roundup/what-future-asia-pivot-under-trump.

Brands, Hal and Peter Feaver (2016) ‘Stress-Testing American Grand Strategy’, Survival, 58 (6): 93-120.

Huxley, Tim and Benjamin Schreer (2017) ‘Trump’s Missing Asia Strategy’, Survival, 59 (3): 81-89.

Kausikan, Bilahari (2017) ‘Asia in the Trump Era: From Pivot to Peril?’, Foreign Affairs, 96 (3): 146-153.

Mazarr, Michael J. (2017) ‘The Once and Future Order: What Comes After Hegemony?’, Foreign Affairs, 96 (1): 25-32.

Patrick, Stewart M. (2017) ‘Trump and World Order: The Return of Self-help’, Foreign Affairs, 96 (2): 52-57.

Rachman, Gideon (2017) Easternisation: Asia’s Rise and America’s Decline (New York: Other Press). (An earlier edition of this book is titled Easternisation: War and Peace in the Asian Century (London: Random House/Penguin, 2016).

Tellis, Ashley and Sean Mirsky (2013) ‘Introduction’ in Tellis, Ashley and Sean Mirsky (eds.) Crux of Asia: China, India, and the Emerging Global Order (Washington D.C.: Carnegie Endowment for International Peace), pp. 3-44.

Tomes, Robert R. (2014) ‘American Exceptionalism in the Twenty-First Century’, Survival, 56 (1): 27-50.

Week 12: Reading Week

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20

Books on one day loan in the library for

POLI29008 Power Politics and East Asian International Relations:

Acharya, Amitav and Evelyn Goh (eds.), Reassessing Security Cooperation in the Asia Pacific: Competition, Congruence, and Transformation (Cambridge, MASS: MIT Press, 2007).

Alagappa, Muthiah (ed.), Asian Security Practice: Material and Ideational Influences (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1998).

Alagappa, Muthiah (ed.) Asian Security Order: Instrumental and Normative Features (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2003).

Brown, Michael E. (ed.), The Rise of China (London: MIT Press, 2000).

Cohen, Warren I. and Akira Iriye (eds.), The Great Powers in East Asia 1953-1960 (New York: Columbia University Press, 1990).

Cumings, Bruce, Parallax Visions: Making Sense of American-East Asian Relations at the End of the Century (Durham, N.C.; London: Duke University Press, 1999).

Deng, Yong and Fei-Ling Wang (eds.), In the Eyes of the Dragon: China Views the World (Lanham and Oxford: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 1999).

Friedberg, Aaron, A Contest for Supremacy: China, America and the Struggle for the Mastery of Asia, (Princeton NJ.: Princeton University Press, 2011)

Gong, Gerrit W. (ed.), Taiwan Strait Dilemmas: China-Taiwan-U.S. Policies in the New Century (Washington, D.C.: Center for Strategic and International Studies, 2000).

Johnston, Alastair Iain and Robert S. Ross (eds.), New Directions in the Study of China's Foreign Policy (Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 2006).

Lampton, David M. (ed.), The Making of Chinese Foreign and Security Policy in the Era of Reform, 1978-2000 (Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 2001).

Mearsheimer, John J., The Tragedy of Great Power Politics (New York: W. W. Norton, 2001).

Pyle, Kenneth, Japan Rising: The Resurgence of Japanese Power and Purpose (New York, Public Affairs, 2008).

Ross, Robert S. and Jiang Changbin (eds.), Re-examining the Cold War: U.S.-China Diplomacy, 1954-1973 (Cambridge, Mass. Harvard University Asia Center, 2001).

Shambaugh, David (ed.), Tangled Titans: The United States and China (Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2012).

Further reading:

The existing literature on and related to power politics in East Asian international relations is vast. The speed with which it is being produced is accelerating. This list is produced to give you a glimpse of what is there in the field, in addition to the required and recommended reading list (including those on the short loan) above. You are encouraged to explore specific topics of your interest with the help of this list.

Barnett, A. Doak., A New U.S. Policy toward China (Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution, 1971).

Barnett, A. Doak., The Making of Foreign Policy in China: Structure and Process (London: Tauris, 1985).

Blum, Robert M., Drawing the Line: The Origin of the American Containment Policy in East Asia (New York and London: Norton, 1982).

Brown, Michael E. (ed.), The Rise of China (London: MIT Press, 2000).

Calder, Kent, Pacific Alliance: Reviving US-Japan Relations (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2009).

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Carlson, Allen, Unifying China, Integrating with the World: Securing Chinese Sovereignty in the Reform Era (Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 2005).

Chase, Michael, ‘U.S.-Taiwan Security Cooperation: Enhancing an Unofficial Relationship’, in Nancy Bernkopf Tucker (ed.), Dangerous Strait: The U.S.-Taiwan-China Crisis, (New York: Columbia University Press, 2005).

Chen, Jian, China's Road to the Korean War: The Making of the Sino-American Confrontation (New York: Columbia University Press, 1994).

Cohen, Warren I., East Asia at the Center: Four Thousand Years of Engagement with the World (New York: Columbia University Press, 2000).

Cumings, Bruce, Parallax Visions: Making Sense of American-East Asian Relations at the End of the Century (Durham, N.C.; London: Duke University Press, 1999).

Deane, Hugh, Good Deeds & Gunboats: Two Centuries of American-Chinese Encounters (San Francisco, Calif.: China Books & Periodicals, 1990).

Deng, Yong and Fei-Ling Wang (eds.), In the Eyes of the Dragon: China Views the World (Lanham and Oxford: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 1999).

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Appendix A

Instructions on how to submit essays electronically

1. Log in to Blackboard and select the Blackboard course for the unit you are submitting work for. If you cannot see it, please e-mail spais-ug@bristol.ac.uk with you username and ask to be added.

2. Click on the "Submit Work Here" option at the top on the left hand menu and then find the correct assessment from the list.

3. Select ‘view/complete’ for the appropriate piece of work. It is your responsibility to ensure that you have selected both the correct unit and the correct piece of work.

4. The screen will display ‘single file upload’ and your name. Enter your name (for FORMATIVE ASSESSMENTS ONLY) or candidate number (for SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENTS ONLY) as a submission title, and then select the file that you wish to upload by clicking the ‘browse’ button. Click on the ‘upload’ button at the bottom.

5. You will then be shown the essay to be submitted. Check that you have selected the correct essay and click the ‘Submit’ button. This step must be completed or the submission is not complete.

6. You will be informed of a successful submission. A digital receipt is displayed on screen and a copy sent to your email address for your records.

Important notes

You are only allowed to submit one file to Blackboard (single file upload), so ensure that all parts of your work – references, bibliography etc. – are included in one single document and that you upload the correct version. You will not be able to change the file once you have uploaded.

Blackboard will accept a variety of file formats, but the School can only accept work submitted in .rtf (Rich Text Format) or .doc/.docx (Word Document) format. If you use another word processing package, please ensure you save in a compatible format.

By submitting your essay, you are confirming that you have read the regulations on plagiarism and confirm that the submission is not plagiarised. You also confirm that the word count stated on the essay is an accurate statement of essay length.

If Blackboard is not working email your assessment to spais-ug@bristol.ac.uk with the unit code and title in the subject line.

How to confirm that your essay has been submitted

You will have received a digital receipt by email and If you click on the assessment again (steps 1-4), you will see the title and submission date of the essay you have submitted. If you click on submit, you will not be able to submit again. This table also displays the date of submission. If you click on the title of the essay, it will open in a new window and you can also see what time the essay was submitted.

Appendix B

Summary of Relevant School Regulations

(Further information is in the year handbook)

Attendance at classes SPAIS takes attendance and participation in classes very seriously. Seminars form an essential part of your learning and you need to make sure you arrive on time, have done the required reading and participate fully. Attendance at all seminars is monitored, with absence only condoned in cases of illness or for other exceptional reasons. If you are unable to attend a seminar you must inform your seminar tutor, as well as email spais-absence@bristol.ac.uk. You should also provide evidence to explain your absence, such as a self-certification and/or medical note, counselling letter or other official document. If you are unable to provide evidence then please still email spais-absence@bristol.ac.uk to explain why you are unable to attend. If you are ill or are experiencing some other kind of difficulty which is preventing you from attending seminars for a prolonged period, please inform your personal tutor, the Undergraduate Office or the Student Administration Manager.

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Requirements for credit points In order to be awarded credit points for the unit, you must achieve:

Satisfactory attendance in classes, or satisfactory completion of catch up work in lieu of poor attendance

Satisfactory formative assessment

An overall mark of 40 or above in the summative assessment/s. In some circumstances, a mark of 35 or above can be awarded credit points.

Presentation of written work Coursework must be word-processed. As a guide, use a clear, easy-to-read font such as Arial or Times New Roman, in at least 11pt. You may double–space or single–space your essays as you prefer. Your tutor will let you know if they have a preference. All pages should be numbered. Ensure that the essay title appears on the first page. All pages should include headers containing the following information:

Formative work Summative work Name: e.g. Joe Bloggs Unit e.g. SOCI10004

Seminar Tutor e.g. Dr J. Haynes Word Count .e.g. 1500 words

**Candidate Number**: e.g. 12345 Unit: e.g. SOCI10004

Seminar Tutor: e.g. Dr J. Haynes Word Count: e.g. 3000 words

Candidate numbers are required on summative work in order to ensure that marking is anonymous. Note that your candidate number is not the same as your student number. Assessment Length Each piece of coursework must not exceed the stipulated maximum length for the assignment (the ‘word count’) listed in the unit guide. Summative work that exceeds the maximum length will be subject to penalties. The word count is absolute (there is no 10% leeway, as commonly rumoured). Five marks will be deducted for every 100 words or part thereof over the word limit. Thus, an essay that is 1 word over the word limit will be penalised 5 marks; an essay that is 101 words over the word limit will be penalised 10 marks, and so on. The word count includes all text, numbers, footnotes/endnotes, Harvard referencing in the body of the text and direct quotes. It excludes, the title, candidate number, bibliography, and appendices. However, appendices should only be used for reproducing documents, not additional text written by you. Referencing and Plagiarism Where sources are used they must be cited using the Harvard referencing system. Inadequate referencing is likely to result in penalties being imposed. See the Study Skills Guide for advice on referencing and how poor referencing/plagiarism are processed. Unless otherwise stated, essays must contain a bibliography. Extensions Extensions to coursework deadlines will only be granted in exceptional circumstances. If you want to request an extension, complete an extension request form (available at Blackboard/SPAIS_UG Administration/forms to download and School policies) and submit the form with your evidence (e.g. self-certification, medical certificate, death certificate, or hospital letter) to Catherine Foster in the Undergraduate Office. Extension requests cannot be submitted by email, and will not be considered if there is no supporting evidence. If you are waiting for evidence then you can submit the form and state that it has been requested.

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All extension requests should be submitted at least 72 hours prior to the assessment deadline. If the circumstance occurs after this point, then please either telephone or see the Student Administration Manager in person. In their absence you can contact Catherine Foster in the UG Office, again in person or by telephone. Extensions can only be granted by the Student Administration Manager. They cannot be granted by unit convenors or seminar tutors. You will receive an email to confirm whether your extension request has been granted. Submitting Essays

Formative essays Summative essays

Unless otherwise stated, all formative essay

submissions must be submitted electronically via Blackboard

All summative essay submissions must be

submitted electronically via Blackboard.

Electronic copies enable an efficient system of receipting, providing the student and the School with a record of exactly when an essay was submitted. It also enables the School to systematically check the length of submitted essays and to safeguard against plagiarism. Late Submissions Penalties are imposed for work submitted late without an approved extension. Any kind of computer/electronic failure is not accepted as a valid reason for an extension, so make sure you back up your work on another computer, memory stick or in the cloud (e.g. Google Drive or Dropbox). Also ensure that the clock on your computer is correct. The following schema of marks deduction for late/non-submission is applied to both formative work and summative work:

Up to 24 hours late, or part thereof Penalty of 10 marks

For each additional 24 hours late, or part thereof

A further 5 marks deduction for each 24 hours, or part thereof

Assessment submitted over one week late Treated as a non-submission: fail and mark of zero recorded. This will be noted on your transcript.

The 24 hour period runs from the deadline for submission, and includes Saturdays, Sundays, bank

holidays and university closure days.

If an essay submitted less than one week late fails solely due to the imposition of a late penalty, then the mark will be capped at 40.

If a fail due to non-submission is recorded, you will have the opportunity to submit the essay as a second attempt for a capped mark of 40 in order to receive credit points for the unit.

Marks and Feedback

In addition to an overall mark, students will receive written feedback on their assessed work.

The process of marking and providing detailed feedback is a labour-intensive one, with most 2-3000 word essays taking at least half an hour to assess and comment upon. Summative work also needs to be checked for plagiarism and length and moderated by a second member of staff to ensure marking is fair and consistent. For these reasons, the University regulations are that feedback will be returned to students within three weeks of the submission deadline.

If work is submitted late, then it may not be possible to return feedback within the three week period.

Fails and Resits

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If you fail the unit overall, you will normally be required to resubmit or resit. In units where there are two pieces of summative assessment, you will normally only have to re-sit/resubmit the highest-weighted piece of assessment. Exam resits only take place once a year, in late August/early September. If you have to re-sit an exam then you will need to be available during this period. If you are not available to take a resit examination, then you will be required to take a supplementary year in order to retake the unit.

Appendix C

Level 5 Marking and Assessment Criteria (Second Year) 1st (70+) o Excellent knowledge and understanding of the subject and

understanding of theoretical & methodological issues o A coherent argument that is logically structured and supported by

evidence o Demonstrates a capacity for intellectual initiative/ independent

thought and an ability to engage with the material critically o Use of appropriate material from a range of sources extending

beyond the reading list o High quality organisation and style of presentation (including

referencing); minimal grammatical or spelling errors; written in a fluent and engaging style

2:1 (60–69) o Very good knowledge and understanding of the subject and displays awareness of underlying theoretical and methodological issues

o A generally critical, analytical argument that is reasonably well structured and well-supported

o Some critical capacity to see the implications of the question, though not able to ‘see beyond the question’ enough to develop an independent approach

o Some critical knowledge of relevant literature; use of works beyond the prescribed reading list; demonstrating some ability to be selective in the range of material used and to synthesise rather than describe

o Well presented: no significant grammatical or spelling errors; written clearly and concisely; fairly consistent referencing and bibliographic formatting

2:2 (50–59) o Good comprehension of the subject, though there may be some errors and/or gaps, and some awareness of underlying theoretical/methodological issues with little understanding of how they relate to the question

o Capacity for argument is limited with a tendency to assert/state opinion rather than argue on the basis of reason and evidence; structure may not be evident

o Tendency to be descriptive rather than critical, but some attempt at analysis

o Some attempt to go beyond or criticise the ‘essential reading’ for the unit; displaying limited capacity to discern between relevant and non-relevant material

o Adequately presented: writing style conveys meaning but is sometimes awkward; some significant grammatical and spelling errors; inconsistent referencing but generally accurate bibliography

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3rd (40–49) o Limited knowledge and understanding with significant errors and omissions and generally ignorant or confused awareness of key theoretical/ methodological issues

o Largely misses the point of the question, asserts rather than argues a case; underdeveloped or chaotic structure; evidence mentioned but used inappropriately or incorrectly

o Very little attempt at analysis or synthesis, tending towards excessive description.

o Limited, uncritical and generally confused account of a narrow range of sources

o Satisfactorily presented: but not always easy to follow; frequent grammatical and spelling errors; limited attempt at providing references (e.g. only referencing direct quotations) and containing bibliographic omissions

Marginal Fail (35–39)

o Shows very limited understanding and knowledge of the subject and/or misses the point of the question

o Incoherent or illogical structure; evidence used inappropriately or incorrectly.

o Unsatisfactory analytical skills o Limited, uncritical and generally confused account of a very narrow

range of sources. o Unsatisfactory presentation e.g. not always easy to follow; frequent

grammatical and spelling errors and limited or no attempt at providing references and containing bibliographic omissions

Outright Fail (0–34)

o Shows little or no knowledge and understanding of the subject, no awareness of key theoretical/ methodological issues and/or fails to address the question

o Unsuccessful or no attempt to construct an argument and an incoherent or illogical structure; evidence used inappropriately or incorrectly

o Very poor analytical skills o Limited, uncritical and generally confused account of a very narrow

range of sources. o Very poor quality of presentation and limited or no attempt at providing

references and containing bibliographic omissions