unit: chemical reactions
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Day 5 - Notes. Unit: Chemical Reactions. Types of Chemical Reactions: Single Replacement. After today you will be able to…. Identify a single replacement reaction Predict the products in words for single replacement reactions. heat. Pt. Predicting Products. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Unit: Chemical ReactionsTypes of Chemical Reactions: Single
Replacement
Day 5 - Notes
Day 5 - Notes
After today you will be able to…
• Identify a single replacement reaction
• Predict the products in words for single replacement reactions
Predicting Products
3. Single Replacement: An element and compound react to form a different element and compoundCommon form:
Element + Compound Element +Compound
A + BC AC + B
Predicting Products
• These reactions do not always occur.• You must use the “activity
series” sheet• “Like will replace like” –
metals always replace metals, etc.
Examples of single replacements:
(1)A metal in a compound is replaced by a more active metal
lithium + zinc acetate
zinc + lithium acetate(Metal) (Metal)
? Must use the activity series!
Lithium is more reactive than zinc.
Activity Series of Metals(and Hydrogen)
Listed in order of decreasing activity.
lithium
potassiumbarium
strontiumcalciumsodiumcesium
berylliummagnesiumaluminum
zincchromium
galliumiron
cobaltnickel
tinlead
hydrogencopper
mercurysilver
Examples of single replacements:
copper + aluminum sulfate NO REACTION(Metal) (Metal)
?
Copper is lower on activity series and therefore is less reactive than
aluminum.
Activity Series of Metals(and Hydrogen)
Listed in order of decreasing activity.
lithium
potassiumbarium
strontiumcalciumsodiumcesium
berylliummagnesiumaluminum
zincchromium
galliumiron
cobaltnickel
tinlead
hydrogencopper
mercurysilver
Examples of single replacements:
lead (II) carbonate + barium barium + lead carbonate(Metal) (Metal)
?
No Roman Numeral necessary!
Activity Series of Metals(and Hydrogen)
Listed in order of decreasing activity.
lithium
potassiumbarium
strontiumcalciumsodiumcesium
berylliummagnesiumaluminum
zincchromium
galliumiron
cobaltnickel
tinlead
hydrogencopper
mercurysilver
Examples of single replacements:
(2) Hydrogen in water is replaced by a more active metal
sodium + water sodium hydroxide + hydrogen
Tip: Change water into “hydrogen hydroxide.”
Activity Series of Metals(and Hydrogen)
Listed in order of decreasing activity.
lithium
potassiumbarium
strontiumcalciumsodiumcesium
berylliummagnesiumaluminum
zincchromium
galliumiron
cobaltnickel
tinlead
hydrogencopper
mercurysilver
hydrogen hydroxide
Examples of single replacements:
(3) Hydrogen in acid is replaced by a more active metal
calcium + phosphoric acid
calcium + hydrogenphosphate
Tip: Change acid names into their ionic name.
Activity Series of Metals(and Hydrogen)
Listed in order of decreasing activity.
lithium
potassiumbarium
strontiumcalciumsodiumcesium
berylliummagnesiumaluminum
zincchromium
galliumiron
cobaltnickel
tinlead
hydrogencopper
mercurysilver
hydrogen phosphate
Examples of single replacements:
(4) A non-metal in a compound is replaced by a more active non- metal
fluorine + magnesium iodide
magnesium + iodine fluoride
Tip: Watch your endings! Make sure non-metals replace non-metals!
Activity Series of Non-Metals
Listed in order of decreasing activity.
fluorinechlorinebromineiodine
(Non-metal)
(Non-metal)