unit 9: chemical bonding...textbook chapter 12 review book chapter 6 dec 14:59 pm what is a chemical...
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![Page 1: Unit 9: Chemical Bonding...Textbook Chapter 12 Review Book Chapter 6 Dec 14:59 PM What is a chemical bond? A chemical bond is a sharing or transfer of valence electrons from one atom](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022050120/5f50d0da9f531e59134043d4/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Bonding Intro 2016.notebook
1
March 18, 2016
Dec 14:53 PM
Unit 9: Chemical Bonding
Aim: Why do atoms bond? What kinds of bonds can they form?
Textbook Chapter 12Review Book Chapter 6
Dec 14:59 PM
What is a chemical bond?
A chemical bond is a sharing or transfer of valence electrons from one atom to another
Dec 15:12 PM
Why do elements bond?
Atoms bond to become more stable.
Two ways that bonding results in a more stable atom:• Form a stable electron configuration (stable octet)
• Forming a bond releases energyLower energy results in a more stable substance.
Dec 15:01 PM
Electronegativity is the property that determines the type of bond an atom will form with different types of elements.
Large electronegativity difference: electrons are transferred.
No electronegativity difference: electrons are shared equally.
Small electronegativity difference: electrons are shared unequally.
In the main types of chemical bonds electrons are either transferred, shared or mobile.
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Bonding Intro 2016.notebook
2
March 18, 2016
Dec 15:12 PM
METALLIC BONDS• A metallic bond forms between atoms of the SAME metal ONLY
• There is an attraction between the valence electrons and all of the metal cations which causes the e to be mobile.
• A metallic bond contains a “sea of mobile electrons”
Dec 15:12 PM
IONIC BONDS
• The bond is an attraction between the oppositely charged IONS• Ionic compounds are called “Salts”• Ionic bonds have an E.N. difference of 1.7 or greater.• Ionic bonding also occurs in compounds that contain a polyatomic ion
An ionic bond is formed when electrons are transferred from the metal to the nonmetal to give each atom a stable octet.
Dec 15:41 PM
COVALENT BONDSA covalent bond is formed when two nonmetal atoms share a pair of electrons in order to achieve a stable octet
Dec 15:30 PM
Types of Covalent Bonds
NONPOLAR COVALENT POLAR COVALENTBOND BOND
Cl HH H
Polar covalent bonds occur between two different nonmetal atoms.
Unequal sharing of electrons
EN difference range of 0 1.7
Nonpolar covalent bonds occur between two identical nonmetal atoms.
Equal sharing of electrons
EN difference between atoms = 0
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Bonding Intro 2016.notebook
3
March 18, 2016
Dec 15:43 PM
Covalent Bonds
How many electrons are shared in each of these bonds?
SINGLE BOND DOUBLE BOND TRIPLE BOND