unit 7
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Unit 7. The Urinary System. Essential Questions. What are the functions of the kidney? How is urine formed and what are the components of urine? How does what we ingest have an effect on our urine? What role does ADH play in urine formation?. Day 1. Required Readings: 16.1, 16.2 - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Unit 7The Urinary System
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Essential Questions• What are the functions of the kidney?• How is urine formed and what are the
components of urine?• How does what we ingest have an
effect on our urine?• What role does ADH play in urine
formation?
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Day 1• Required Readings:
• 16.1, 16.2
• Learning Objectives:• Identify the organs of the urinary system and
describe their general functions• Describe the structure and blood supply of the
kidney• Describe the structure and functions of a nephron• Compare filtration, tubular reabsorption, and
tubular secretion• Explain how urine is formed
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Starter• Bozeman Video: Osmoregulation• What is the difference between an osmoconformer and
an osmoregulator?• How are salt water and fresh water fish’s urine
different?• What is/are:
• Nephrons• Loop of Henle• Glomerulus• Collecting duct
• Time: 20 minutes
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Activity 1• What are the 3 functions of the kidney?• Write a poem that outlines the
functions of the kidney• Time: 20 minutes
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Activity 2• On poster paper, draw a picture of a nephron
and include the following structures:• Glomerulus, Bowman’s capsule, descending
limb, ascending limb, collecting duct, loop of Henle
• On the ascending limb, descending limb, and collecting duct, include the following:• Where water is absorbed/secreted • Where salt is absorbed/secreted
• Time: 40 minutes
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Closing • Why is water removed in the descending limb
only to be reabsorbed in the ascending limb?• Which hormone is responsible in urine
production?• How does urine production alter with the
consumption of the following:• Caffeine• Alcohol• Excess water• Not enough water?
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Day 2• Required Readings:
• Kidney Dissection
• Learning Objectives:• To identify the structures and functions
of the structures of the kidney• To determine the fate of a soda
molecule
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Starter• Label the following parts on the kidney
and nephron:• Time: 10 minutes
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Answers• Kidney
• 1) Renal cortex• 2) Renal medulla• 3) Renal pelvis (minor/major calyx)• 4) Nephron• 5) Ureter
• Nephron• A) Glomerulus • B) Descending limb• C) Loop of Henle• D) Ascending Limb• E) Collecting Duct
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Activity 1• Kidney dissection• Read through the instructions and
dissect with your group• Clean up when you are finished• Time: 30 minutes
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Activity 2• Using the powerpoint slides as a guide,
write a story explaining what happens to a coke when you drink it
• Use a diagram to help aid your explanation
• Time: 20 minutes
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Homework• Complete your story – Due February 11
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Day 3• Required Readings:
• 16.3
• Learning Objectives:• Explain how water and electrolyte
balance and pH balance are maintained in body fluids
• Explain how nitrogenous wastes are kept within normal limits in body fluids
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Starter• The following four hormones act on the
kidneys:• Aldosterone• Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)• Atrial natriuretic hormone (ANH)• Parathyroid hormone
• What is the function of these hormones?• Where do the hormones come from?• Time: 15 minutes
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Activity 1• Read through “The 2000-Meter Row: A Case
in Homeostasis” with your group• For the questions, there are 2 systems we
haven’t talked about yet (nervous, endocrine), but try your best to incorporate those systems into your answers• The hormones you can talk about are the 4
that act on the kidneys as well as epinephrine (adrenaline)
• Time: 30 minutes
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Activity 2• You will be assigned numbers 1-4• Move to your new group and discuss
what was happening physiologically to Jim during his 2000m race
• Time: 15 minutes
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Activity 3• Create a poster for the athletes at TASOK
explaining the importance water intake• Everyone will create one
• Ideas to get you started:• How does dehydration negatively effect their
performance?• What are some long-term effects of dehydration• What are good drinks to have during and after
exercise? (Think: electrolyte balance)• What advantage would monitoring their pee
have? How should it look?
• Time: 30 minutes
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Closing & Homework• What hormones act on the kidneys and
what are their functions?• How does water intake effect an
athlete’s performance?• Homework:
• Coke story• Water poster• Read 16.4, 16.5
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Day 4• Required Readings:
• 16.4, 16.5
• Learning Objectives:• Describe the structure and function of
the ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra
• Describe the control of micturition• Indicate the normal components of
urine
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Starter• What are the components in urine?• What components would be a concern
if they were found in the urine?• What could a potential diagnosis be if
these components are found in the urine?
• Time: 10 minutes
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Activity 1• Create a model of the structures involved
in micturition• The model should be a working model that
shows what happens when urine enters the bladder• i.e. How much urine can the bladder hold?• What happens when urine accumulates in
the bladder?
• Time: 20 minutes
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Activity 2• Complete Lab 1: Urinalysis• You will need a hot plate, test tubes, test
tube rack, and test tube tongs• Put everything you used that needs to be
washed in the sink after• Please put the dissecting pans, dissecting
kits and stopwatches back in your lab bench when completed
• Time: 45 minutes
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Closing• What could the presence of glucose
indicate?• What could the presence of protein
indicate?
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Homework• Complete Lab 1: Urinalysis
• Due February 17
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Day 5• Required Readings:
• Modeling Kidney Function
• Learning Objectives:• Investigate the function of a human kidney
by constructing a model• Understand the mechanism of urine
formation in the kidney• Observe osmosis as it relates to kidney
filtration• Relate kidney function to homeostasis
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Starter• What is the function of kidneys with
regards to waste materials and blood composition?
• How do the kidneys help maintain homeostasis of body fluids?
• Time: 10 minutes
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Activity 1• Describe the flow of urine and what happens in
each of the following structures:• Nephron• Ureter• Ascending tubule• Bowman’s capsule• Bladder• Collecting duct• Glomerulus• Descending tubule• Urethra
• Time: 20 minutes
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Activity 2• Read through “Modeling Kidney
Function” with your group• Explain to me what you are going to do
before you begin• Clean-up when complete • Time: 30 minutes
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Activity 3• “Going Further”• Work with your group in the computer
lab to complete the first paragraph in this section
• Time: 25 minutes
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Homework• Urinalysis Lab• Modeling Kidney Function• “Going Further”
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Day 6• Required Readings:
• Urinalysis Lab
• Learning Objectives:• Analyze urine samples for colour, pH,
glucose, protein, and specific gravity• Use data collected from the tests to
determine potential causes of abnormal results
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Starter• Answer the pre-lab questions on S-2 of
your lab packet• Time: 15 minutes
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Activity 1• Read through “Activity 2” that starts on
page S-6• Each student will test their own urine
and answer the lab questions (1-3) for their own sample
• Create a data table to hand in with your answers
• Time: 10 minutes
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Activity 2• Obtain a sample of your urine to test
• You do not need to fill the cup completely – you only need ~25mL
• Complete the tests for your sample• Clean up when complete
• Throw anything that has touched your urine into the bin (pipettes, cups, paper towel, glucose strips, etc.)
• Time: 45 minutes
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Closing• What could the following indicate if
found in urine?• High pH• Glucose• Protein
• Time: 5 minutes
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Homework• Complete your urinalysis lab questions
if you did not complete them in class
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Day 7• Required Readings:
• 16.6
• Learning Objectives:• Describe the common disorders of the
urinary system
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Activity 1• Choose any 3 of the following disorders to research:
• Kidney stone, chronic kidney disease, urinary tract infection (UTI), hematuria, kidney disease, urinary incontinence
• Present your findings to me in any way you choose, for example:• Powerpoint, Table/chart, Venn diagram, Poem, Song, Comic
Strip, Diagram, Flow chart, etc.
• What to include:• Cause(s)• Signs & Symptoms• Treatments• Statistics
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Day 8• Summative assessment