Unit 4: Enlightenment and the Revolutions

The Scientific RevolutionMr. Mizell

Unit 4 Vocabulary, Copy DownRevolution – a drastic change in the political and social organization of a country

Enlightenment – political movement that supported the power of individuals

Rationalism – relying on reason and science

Tolerance – being fair and objective to differing views or people

Inalienable – not able to be taken away.

Unit 4 Vocabulary, Copy DownConstitution – political laws and ideas that

govern a nationAbsolutism – belief that all power rests with a

monarch who has a divine right to rule by God.Constitutional Monarchy – a monarchy

where the ruler’s power is limited by a constitution

Republic – type of government where power is in the hands of representatives elected by the people

Laissez-faire – Government keep “hands off” the economy/business

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zHUWP9zu4W8

EQ: How did the Scientific Revolution

change the way people viewed the world?

Historical ChangeRenaissance – Curiosity, Secularism,

Realism

Reformation – Challenge the way we think about God

Age of Exploration – Explored world. Now, time to explore Universe

Scientific Revolution – How people view their place in the universe; explore universe/science

Old ViewsGeocentric Theory - Earth was center of universe, did not moveGod made it special

Everything (sun, planets )revolved around it

Stars were fixed (did not move)

Why Believe this?Greek philosophers said this

Catholic Church teaches this – most believe it

What was the Scientific Revolution?A new way of thinking about the natural world and universe (using rationalism and mathematics)

New Scientific Ideas

Heliocentric TheoryNicolas Copernicus, astronomerSays Earth and planets revolve around the Sun (in the center) in circles

Orbits of PlanetsJohannes Kepler, astronomer

Used mathematical formulas to understand planets’ orbits

Planets move in ellipses (oval shape)

Telescopes & GravityGalileo

Discovered Jupiter’s moons with telescope

Gravity - Objects fall at same rate

Scientific MethodA logical procedure for gathering and testing ideasNot enough to think about something. You need to Experiment and test your hypothesis

Natural LawsSet forth by Isaac Newton

Says universe is linked by Natural Laws such as gravityUniverse works perfectly like a clock

God was creator of orderly universe

Overall effects of the Scientific RevolutionCatholic Church becomes defensive

Protestants are more open to Science

People begin to use reason and logicLess tradition - more science

DirectionsWork on Scientific Revolution Document Analysis silently

Work or read silently when finished