unit 3: zoom! from earth to habitats lesson 1 sort it...

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Sort It Out! L

ESSON 1

Unit 3: Zoom! From Earth to Habitats

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Scientists sort living and non-living things into different groups based on similar characteristics. There are many different ways to sort things: color, shape, size, and texture, for example! Scientists sort earth materials to easily discuss them.

Sort It Out! L

ESSON 1

Unit 3: Zoom! From Earth to Habitats

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Table of Contents 4 Launch!

Sorting. Scientists sort natural materials into different groups.

6 Wonderful EarthA1: Non-living Materials. Scientists sort by size, shape, texture, and more.

12 Who’s Been Sorting My Rocks?A2: Gravel. Scientists sort rocks into different groups based on size.

18 Sieve-ing SizesA3: Dirt. Scientists sort dirt into different groups based on size.

24 Sand SleuthingA4: Sand. Most sand in Hawaii comes from living sources.

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Launch!

Ready?LaunchPlace items into pillowcase.

Set?Unit 3-Lesson 1-Activity 1: • Wonderful Earth (Non-Living Material)Unit 3-Lesson 1-Activity 2: • Who’s Been Sorting My Rocks? (Rocks)Unit 3-Lesson 1-Activity 3: • Sieve-ing Sizes (Dirt)Unit 3-Lesson 1-Activity 4: • Sand Sleuth (Sand)

Go!Develop Know-Wonder-Learn chart with students.

MaterialsVarious items of different and similar shapes, colors and sizes (blocks, pipe cleaners, fruits, etc.)Pillowcase

Hawaii StandardsSC.K.4.1SC.K.6.1

(Sorting)

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Sorting!What is one way scientists group things?

Scientists sort natural materials into different groups.

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Launch!Sort and group similar items.

Reach into the sorting sack and choose 3 different items without •looking.If you get the same item twice, put one back, and choose again.

Walkaroundtheclassuntilyoufindotherswithitemsthatcan•be grouped together.They do not have to be the same item. They could be the same color, shape, size, or texture.

Startapilewhenyoufindsomeonethathasanitemwithsimilar•characteristics.Add to piles that have similar items to yours.

Discuss the characteristics you used to group your items.•

Mix everything up again and sort by another characteristic.•

How it worksSize, shape, color, texture, material! Scientists use different characteristics to group items into similar groups, just like you did! They not only sort non-living things, but they also sort plants, animals, cells in our bodies, celestial bodies in our solar system, and much more!

Scientists say......characteristic for a feature that helps to identify, tell apart, or describe something.

think about itWhat do you sort at home? Think about all of the different things you sort and share it with your classmates.

just for funFill a container with rice that has been dyed a variety of colors. Hide crayons in the rice and provide a strainer with holes large enough for the rice to pass through. Use the strainer to sort out the crayons from the rice.

Think about it...What characteristics do scientists use to sort different things?

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Ready?EngageFamiliarize yourself with Travel to the Beach words (U3.L1.A1-page 7).

ElaborateInstruct students to gather a sample of dirt from around their homes and bring to school in a sealed bag.

EvaluateColor rice four different colors.

Mix 2-tsp food coloring and 3-tsp rubbing alcohol together in a large clean yogurt or whip cream container. Add 2-cups rice and cover with lid. Slowly shake the container. Spread rice on cookie sheet. Make two batches red (mineral matter), one batch blue (water), one batch yellow (air), and half a batch green (organic matter).

Set?Unit 3-Lesson 1-Activity 1: • Wonderful Earth (Non-Living Material)Unit 3-Lesson 1-Activity 2: • Who’s Been Sorting My Rocks? (Gravel)Unit 3-Lesson 1-Activity 3: • Sieve-ing Sizes (Dirt)Unit 3-Lesson 1-Activity 4: • Sand Sleuth (Sand)


Wonderful Earth

MaterialsTravel to the Beach (mp3 and lyrics)Clear cups (2 per student)CookiesChocolate puddingWhipped topping CoconutflakesorraisinsSpoonsPaper towelsPotting soilSoil sample from home or schoolyardSeedsPaperPencils


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(Non-Living Materials)

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Non-Living materails!

Scientists sort natural materials by size, shape, texture, and more.

what characteristic

do rocks, minerals, and

decaying matter share?

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EngageListen and add motions to Earth Run in a class circle.

Turn on • Travel to the Beach.

Pretend to travel across different types of non-living natural •materials.

Hey kids, who wants to go to the beach?Butfirstwehavetocrosssomeruggedterrain.Like those huge boulders right in front of us. I guess we better climb over them. Climb, climb, climb.There you go, pull yourselves up. Climb, climb, climb.We made it! But we’re not there quite yet.Now we have to walk over these rough cobblestones. Good thing we brought our shoes today.Let’s go! Cobble, cobble, cobble, cobble, cobble, cobble.Boy, that was rough. But can you hear the ocean? Listen.Do you hear that? I think we’re getting close.Oh no, now we have to tip-toe through all this sharp lava rock.Here we go! Tip-toe, tip-toe, tip-toe, tip-toe, tip-toe, tip-toe. Glad that’s over with.Can you hear how loud the waves are? Listen.I think I can see the beach from here.It’sjustbeyondthisbigfieldofdirt.Let’s run! Patter, patter, patter, patter, patter, patter . . . squish, squish.Oh no, we got stuck in some mud!Pull your right foot out. Sploosh! Pull your left foot out. Sploosh!Made it! Hey, we’re at the beach!But we can’t splash in the waves just yet.First we have to sit on this hot sand. Take off your muddy shoes.Dump out the cobblestones.Dump out the lava rocks.Now we have to walk across all this wet sand. Pat, pat, pat, pat.Hey, look at our foot prints.Now get in the water. It’s cold.Now wash out all that mud, dirt, and sand.And now, splash!

Scientists Say......pedology for the study of soil.

Interesting FactThere are 23,000 soil series in various combinations with different slopes and surface textures in the U.S.

Imagine That!In most ecosystems, more life and diversity lives underground than above.

NOAA LinkLearn more about soil from NOAA’s National Estuarine Research Reserve System.

www.noaa.govSearch “Soil Composition and Formation”

Think about it...What are different types of non-living natural materials?

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ExploreCreate pretend soil individually.

Crush rocks and minerals (cookie) in resealable bag.•

Pour cookie crumbs into clear cup.•

Add decaying matter (chocolate pudding). •

Add water and gas (whipped cream).•

Sprinkledecomposers(coconutflakesorraisins).•

Mix.•

Compare your “soil” to real soil.•Is real soil alive?

Eat and enjoy! •

Think about it...Is soil alive?

Wonderful Earth


ExplainScientists sort natural materials by size, shape, texture, color, and more!

What are different types of non-living natural materials? Rocks, minerals, and decaying matter of all shapes and sizes!

Is soil alive? No! But parts of it come from once-living things. When producers (plants) and consumers (animals) die, decomposers break them down into pieces of the soil. This decaying matter (humus) provides nutrients for producers.

Interesting factThe average soil is composed of 45% minerals, 25% water, 25% air, and 5% organic matter.

Did you Know?Organic matter allows air toflowthrough,increasesthe water holding capacity, and contributes to the soil’s ability to stick together.

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Interesting factEarthworms eat dirt to get the organic matter in it. They poop out the soil and nutrients.

Just for funSay humus (hyou-mus). Say hummus (humm-us). Humus is the decaying matter in soil. Hummus is the yummy dip made from chickpeas. To remember the spelling, say, “Eating hummus twice as yummy (so spell with two Ms).


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ElaborateCompare potting soil to soil taken from your home or schoolyard as a class.

Display bags of soil brought in from student’s backyards or schoolyard.•

Scoop a sample of each soil in separate cups for each group.•

Use your senses to chart the similarities and differences.•

How it worksNo. Potting soil sold in stores has a lot of nutrients. Soil from your home or schoolyard may not have as many nutrients. It may have fewer decomposers in it breaking down dead matter. Or the plants in your schoolyard may be using the nutrients!

**Activity Extension**Do plants grow better in potting soil or schoolyard soil?

Make a prediction.•Look at each type of soil and predict which will be the best growing material for your seed.

Conduct an experiment.•Plant the same kind of seed in each type of soil. Give them the same amount of water and sunlight.

Record and discuss results.•

Think about it...Do all soil have the same amount of nutrients?

Wonderful Earth


EvaluateWhat characteristic do rocks, minerals, and decaying matter share?

Answer by making a chart to determine if rocks, minerals, and decaying matter are alive or not and if they are man-made or natural.

Inthefirstcolumn,writethislist:•Does it eat?Does it breathe?Does it defend?Does it grow?Is it made from something found in nature?

At the top of the second column, write: Rocks•

At the top of the third column, write: Minerals•

At the top of the fourth column, write: Decaying matter•

Go down each column and check answer each question.•

Explain your answers.•

What type of soil would have more nutrients: soil found in a desert, or soil found in a rainforest?

AssessSC.K.1.3 Collect data about living and non-living things.SC.K.6.1 Classify objects by their attributes (e.g., physical properties,

materials of which they are made).

SC.1.1.1 Collect, record, and organize data using simple tools, equipment, and techniques safely.

SC.2.8.1 Identify different Earth materials and classify them by their physical properties.

Hawaii neiHilo soil, on the uplands of Mauna Kea, consists of very deep, moderately well-drained soils that formed in many layers of volcanic ash and small amounts of dust from the deserts of central Asia.

Did You Know?Soils can be different based on: climate, time, organisms, and parent material.

Did you Know?Which ecosystem has more nutrients in its soil; deserts or rainforests?

A: Neither! Deserts have poor soil because the harsh climate makes it hard for plants to grow. Rainforests have poor soil because most of the nutrients are already within the living plants!

Interesting FactThe weight of all the bacteria in one acre of soil can equal the weight of a cow (or two!)


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Who’s Been Sorting My Rocks?

Gravel!

Ready?EngageAsk students to bring in 5-10 different size/types of rocks.

EvaluateMake salt dough.

Putflour,salt,andcreamoftartarinalargebowl.Pour boiling water into bowl all at once. Stir carefully with spoon to combine water.Let it cool for ten minutes. Then, knead by hand until uniformed. Add oil and knead again until combined.Divide in fourths. Add a two drops of food coloring to create different colored batches.Dough can be refrigerated for two days.

Set?Unit 3-Lesson 1-Activity 1: • Wonderful Earth (Non-Living Material)Unit 3-Lesson 1-Activity 3: • Sieve-ing Sizes (Dirt)Unit 3-Lesson 1-Activity 4: • Sand Sleuth (Sand)


MaterialsRocks (assorted sizes)PaperPencilsRuler (cm)Drafting compassFlour (3 cups)Salt (11/2 cups)Cream of tartar (1/2 Tbsp)Boiling water (3 cups)Vegetable oil (1/2 Tbsp)Food coloringMixing bowlMixing spoon

Hawaii StandardsSC.K.1.3SC.K.2.1SC.K.6.1

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What do scientists call

rocks bigger than two milimeter?

(Gravel)

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Scientists sort rocks into different groups based on size.


EngageSort gravel in small groups.

Go on a rock hunt in your schoolyard.•Or bring in rocks from home.

Sort rocks.•Use each of your senses (except taste).

Describe or write the characteristics of the different rock piles.•

**Alternative Activity for younger children**Teacher: Provide descriptive labels and samples on cards.•Students: Sort rocks based on the samples.•

did you know?Scientists typically group rocks into three types: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic.

Interesting FactTypes of gravel in order of size:boulders, cobbles, pebbles, granules.

Field trip ideaThe Lucoral Museum in Waikiki offers guided tours forschoolfieldtripstolookat their private collection of rocks and fossils.

www.lucoralmuseum.com

More factsCrystals made of different kinds of minerals, compose most rocks.

Think about it...How do scientists sort gravel?


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ExploreMeasure and record size of each rock material.

Draw three circles. •

Put the smallest rock in one circle, a medium-sized one in another, and the •largest rock in the third.

Measure length of each rock with a ruler. •

Recordyourfindings.•

Think about it...What is one tool scientists use to measure gravel?



ExplainAnyrocksbiggerthan2mmareclassifiedasgravel.Butthatdescribesalot of different rocks! So scientists sort gravel even further based on parent material, size, color, texture, and density (hardness).

How do scientists sort gravel? Size, color, shape, origin or texture. Who would have guessed there would be so many words to sort rocks!

What is one tool scientists use to measure gravel?Ruler! They use rulers and measuring tapes to measure larger pieces.

Name that scientistGeologist are scientists that study the solid earth.

Historical NoteApollo 17 astronaut, Harrison Schmitt became thefirstgeologistonthemoon.

did you know?The Mohs (sounds like Moe’s) Scale measures how hard natural materials are.

NOAA LinkDid you know there are geologist that specialize in oceans too. They are called marine geologists!

www.noaa.gov Search “Marine Geology and Geophyics Data”



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ElaborateMeasure gravel with a drafting compass individually.

Use a drafting compass (like a caliper) on gravel from • Explore.

Put tips of compass on both ends of gravel. •

Keep compass “legs” in place and move off rock. •

Place against a ruler. •

Record and compare results.•

How it worksDrafting compass! Did you have trouble using a ruler in the Explore? Rocks are often round and bumpy. Straight rulers do not work very well. But a drafting compass is the perfect tool to measure rocks of all different shapes. Scientists use a similar tool called calipers.

Think about it...What is another tool to measure gravel?

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EvaluateWhat do scientists call rocks bigger than 2mm?

Answer by making your own rocks.

Using different colored salt dough, make several rocks of •various sizes.Make some small, some medium, some big in each color.

Choose a partner.•

Give your partner your play-doh rocks to sort.•

Sort your partner’s rocks in the same way scientists do.•Remember, you can sort them in multiple ways!

Show your partner how you sorted their rocks.•

Repeat.•See how many ways you can sort them.

What tool would a scientist use to measure a boulder?

AssessSC.K.1.3 Collect data about living and non-living things.SC.K.2.1 Identify different types of technologies at home, in the classroom,

and/or in the world.SC.K.6.1 Classify objects by their attributes (e.g., physical properties,


SC.1.1.2 Explain the results of an investigation to an audience using simple data organizers (e.g., charts, graphs, pictures).


Scientists say......sedimentary rocks for rocky fragment deposited together by wind, water or ice, cement together into new rocks.

Did you know?Limestone and sandstone are common sedimentary rocks. You can often findfossilsembeddedin these rocks—they were deposited with the sediments!

Interesting factWhen molten rock called magma rises up from Earth’s mantle deep underground, it forms igneous rocks. Some igneous rocks erupt from volcanoes as lava.

Did you know?Geodes are ordinary balls of igneous or sedimentary rock on the outside, but contain beautiful crystals on the inside.



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SIEVE-ING SIZES

Ready?EngageAsk students to bring in two types of dirt or sand.

ExploreCut screen into squares, the size of craft sticks and tape edges with masking tape.

Set?Unit 3-Lesson 1-Activity 1: • Wonderful Earth (Non-Living Material)Unit 3-Lesson 1-Activity 2: • Who’s Been Sorting My Rocks? (Gravel)Unit 3-Lesson 1-Activity 4: • Sand Sleuth (Sand)


MaterialsDifferent types of dirtPaper platesCraft sticksGlueScreen (1/16 mm openings) Glass jar (1 per group) WaterPermanent pen

Hawaii StandardsSC.K.1.1SC.K.1.3SC.K.2.1SC.K.6.1

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(Dirt)

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Dirt!What do scientists call rocks

smaller than two milimeters?

Scientists sort dirt into different groups based on size.


EngageSort dirt in small groups.

Go on a dirt hunt in your schoolyard.•Or bring in dirt from home.

Pour dirt on plates to observe.•Use each of your senses (except taste).

Describe or write the characteristics of the different dirt piles.•

**Alternative Activity for younger children**Teacher: Provide descriptive labels and samples on cards.•Students: Sort dirt based on the samples.•

What’s in a word?Pedology is they study of soils. It is from the Greek pedon (soil) and logos (study).

Name that scientistPedologist study soil.

did you know?Soil contains both non-living things (rocks and minerals) and living things (bacteria, fungi, algae).

on a related noteOne cup of soil may hold as many bacteria as there are people on Earth.

Think about it...What senses can you use to describe dirt?


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ExploreSift soil in a sieve in small groups.

Make a sieve: Glue four craft sticks around edge of a square screen piece. •Let dry for a few minutes.

Glue four more craft sticks to other side of screen•Placeeachstickontopoffirstsetofsticks.

Sift dirt from • Engage through sieve. If it stays on top, it is sand. If it passes through, it is silt or clay.

Think about it...What tool do scientists use to measure dirt?

SIEVE-ING SIZES


ExplainYoujustlearnedthatanyrocklargerthantwomilimetersisclassifiedasgravel.Wellanyrocksmallerthantwomilimetersisclassifiedasdirt.Justlike with gravel, scientists then sort dirt even further based on size: sand (largest, just below gravel in size), silt (medium), and clay (smallest).

What senses can you use to describe dirt?Same as gravel! You can use touch and sight to describe its size, shape, color, and more!

What tool do scientists use to measure dirt?Sieves!Biggerpiecescannotfitthroughtheholessotheystayontop. Aunty says, scientists sort dirt based on their size and one size is called sand.

Scientists SayTypes of dirt in order of size: sand, silt, and clay.

Did You Know?Sand particles are large enough to be seen without theaidofmagnification.Silt particles can barely be seen by the eye. Clay particles can be seen only with a microscope!

Did you know?Dark colored soil usually means it is rich in nutrients. Plants and animals, both living and dead make up this type of soil.

Interesting FactThe reason clay hardens when it dries is because the water evaporates! Think back to your water cycle activity!


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ElaborateTest soil type in small groups.

Fill quart jar two-thirds full with clean water. •

Add different soil samples from• Engage until nearly full, leaving half an inch of air space at top.

Screw on lid and shake vigorously for one to two minutes so there are no •chunks of soil.

Set down in a place where can be undisturbed. •Wait one minute.

Mark a short line on side of jar at top of layer that has settled out. •Wait one hour.

Mark top of second layer. •Besuretonotdisturbthefirst.Wait24hours,orwhenwaterisbasicallyclear.

Mark top of third layer. •

How it worksSettling speed! Because sand is the biggest type of dirt, it will settle to the bottom most quickly. Silt will follow, and clay will settle last. You can see how much of each type of piece you have in your dirt by watching when they settle!

Sandy soils have 80-00% sand, 0-10% silt, and 0-10% clay.Loam soils have 25-50% sand, 30-50% silt, and 10-30% clay.Clay soils have 0-45% sand, 0-45% silt, and 50-100% clay.

Think about it...How do scientists classify dirt using source material?

SIEVE-ING SIZES


EvaluateWhat do scientists call rocks smaller than 2mm?

Answer by solving the following riddles.

I’m the tiniest type of dirt.You can’t see me with your eyes,Unless you have a microscope.Without one, don’t even try!

I am somewhere in the middleOn the scale of big small.I can pass through a sieveWithout a problem at all.

I’m found on beaches worldwide,From Hawaii to Peru.I can be made from different thingsEvenparrotfishpoop!

Can scientists use sieves to measure boulders?

AssessSC.K.1.1 Use the senses to make observations SC.K.1.3 Collect data about living and non-living things.SC.K.2.1 Identify different types of technologies at home, in the classroom,

and/or in the world.SC.K.6.1 Classify objects by their attributes (e.g., physical properties,




did you know?In agricultural soils, more than a thousand arthropod (e.g., spider) legs support your every step.

Web resourceThe Soil Conservation Service of the US Department of Agriculture conducts soil surveys and publishes soil survey reports, usually one for each county.

soils.usda.gov/survey

Interesting factThe texture of a soil can indicate its stability, strength, and drainage, which are important characteristics to know before farming land, constructing buildings and roads, or installing waste disposal system

NOAA LinkLearn how dirt changes coastlines.

oceanservice.noaa.gov Search “Deltas”

I am _____________________

I am _____________________

I am _____________________


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Ready?Engage Collect hole punched dots from three-holed puncher.

Cut tiny triangle shapes from black construction paper.Color dried rice with green food coloring.

ExploreAsk four parents to bring in quarter cup of sand from a beach.

Goal is to get sand from different locations on the island.MakephotocopiesofSandIdentificationKey(U3.L1.A4-page30).

Set?Unit 3-Lesson 1-Activity 1: • Wonderful Earth (Non-Living Material)Unit 3-Lesson 1-Activity 2: • Who’s Been Sorting My Rocks? (Gravel)Unit 3-Lesson 1-Activity 3: • Sieve-ing Sizes (Dirt)


MaterialsPaper plateWhite glueIndex cardsDried leavesGlitterPaper circles (from 3-hole punched paper)Dried spaghetti noodlesBlack construction paperDried rice (3 cups)Green food coloringBlack construction paperWhite crayonFlashlight Magnifying glass Store bought sand (non-coral sand)Sand from four beachesBowlsVinegarWaterClub sodaEye droppers


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24

Most sand in Hawaii comes from once-living sources.

What is a Non-Living natural

material that can come from a once-

living source?

SAND

Sand Sleuthing

(Sand)


EngageMake a bio-sand plate individually.

Spread a thin layer of glue on paper plate.•Use index card to spread glue on plate.

Sprinkle dried things that represent once-living sources of sand.•Calcifiedalgaepieces(Crusheddriedleaves)Dead plankton (Glitter)Bits of shell (Hole-punch dots or broken Styrofoam)Sea urchin spines (Crunched up spaghetti noodles)

Sprinkle dried things that represent never-living sources of sand.•Basalt rock (Cut pieces of black paper)Olivine (colored green dried rice)

** Activity Extension**Label the different sources of sand.

Scientists SayBiogenous comes from the Greek for “life and sand.” Biogenous sand is made from once-living things, like coral, shells, spines, plankton.

Fun factSparkling sand is made from dead diatoms (phytoplankton) which have a silica shell.

Did You Know?Like raindrops, every grain of sand has its own unique shape, color, and size.

Hawaii NeiOlivineisoneofthefirstcrystals to form when magma cools in Hawaiian lava.

Think about it...From what is Hawaii’s sand made?


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ExploreSort sand by shape individually.

Drawfivesquaresonablackconstructionpaper,withwhitecrayon.•

Place a dot of glue in each square and smear with piece of cardboard.•

Place a pinch of each type of sand inside each square and label them with the •name of the beach they are from.

Shineaflashlightanduseamagnifyingglasstohelpseeshapesofeachgrain•of sand.

Draw the different shapes you see on piece of paper labeled • Sandy Shapes.

Use the • Identification Key to determine the origin of the different sand grains.

Sand sleuthing

Think about it...Can you sort sand by its shape?


ExplainSand is made from either once-living things or never-living things. Most of the sand in Hawaii is made from once-living things. Most of the sand on the mainland comes from quartz, a never alive source.

From what is Hawaii’s sand made?Once-livingthings!Calcifiedalgae,brokencoral,urchinspines,shells,and dead plankton all break down into smaller pieces through wave action, making sand. If you look carefully at a handful of sand, you can sometimes see these different pieces.

Can you sort sand by its shape?Yes! The shape can help give you a clue as to from what it came.

Did You Know?Sand from islands or tropical sites have a lot of calcium from seashells.

On A Related Note...Inland lake, river, stream and pond sands havesilicon from rocks.

Historical noteAncient Egyptians used many forms of water clocks. Later, the amazingly accurate sand hourglass replaced them, as sand did not evaporate, spill,orneedrefilling.


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ElaborateBecome sand sleuths in small groups.

Gather beach sand from • Explore.

Put three pinches in bowl #1, #2, and #3. •Labelthebowlswiththebeachnameandnumberidentification.

Put three pinches of store bought sand in bowl #4, #5, and #6. •Labelthebowlswith“store”andnumberidentification.

Predict which liquid (water, club soda, or vinegar) will react to the sand. •Record your prediction.

Add one to two drops of water to bowl #1 and bowl #4. •Record your observations.

Repeat with club soda in bowls #2 and #5. •

Repeat with vinegar in bowls #3 and #6.•

How it worksReactions! Sand from once living things has calcium carbonate. If you add vinegar to calcium carbonate, it will react and bubble. Sand bought from the store is made of quartz and silica. It does not react to the vinegar. No sand reacts to club soda or water.

Think about it...How can you determine if sand originally came from a once living thing?

Sand Sleuthing


AssessSC.K.1.3 Collect data about living and non-living things.SC.K.6.1 Classify objects by their attributes (e.g., physical properties,



SC.2.1.1 Develop predictions based on observations.SC.2.1.2 Conduct a simple investigation using a systematic process safely

to test a prediction.SC.2.8.1 Identify different Earth materials and classify them by their

physical properties.

Hawaii NeiHawaii’s black sand beaches are eroded volcanic rock.

On A Related Note...Papakolea Beach at the south point of Hawaii island and a beach on Guam are the only two beaches in the US with green sand.

Web ResourceLearn more about sand in Hawaii at

http:hawaii.gov/dlnr >> Sand in Hawaii

Imagine that!Often referred to as singing or booming sand, these rare sands produce a tone when walked on or blown around by the wind.

EvaluateWhat is a non-Living natural material that can come from a once-living source?

Answer by making a sand drawing.

Fold construction paper in half.•Title it “Hawaii’s Sources of Sand.”

Title one half of paper • Once-Living and the other half Never-Living.

Draw an outline of a once-living thing that makes up sand.•

Squeeze white glue on the outline of your drawing.•

Sprinkle sand on the glue. •Shake off excess sand back into bowl.

Draw an outline of a never-living thing that makes up sand.•

Squeeze white glue on the outline of your second drawing.•

Sprinkle colored rice on the glue. •Shake off excess rice back into bowl.

What once-living things might make pink sand?


Sand Identification keyU3 L1 A4 Sort Sand Sleuthing (explore)

Halimeda: This green alga secretes calcium carbonate to giveitafirmerstructure.Theylooklikegreencoinsgluedtogetherwhen alive and white coins when dead.

Molluscs: Calcium carbonate in their shells turn into sand when the animal dies.

Algae Fragments: Some pink/red algae secrete calcium carbonate to defend against herbivores.

Coral Fragments: As corals grow they secrete a hard skeleton made from calcium carbonate. Waves can break apart coral to form sand. Some reef animals also nibble at coral which breaks it down into sand.

Urchins: Sand has skeletons and spines from urchins.

Foraminifera: These single-celled animals have a tan to yellow shell that is made of calcium carbonate.

Did you know most of Hawaii’s sand is made from once-living things? Wave action will toss around deadcalcifiedalgae,seaurchins,shells,plankton,andcoral.Thesepieceswillbreakdownintothefinegrainsofsandweseeonourbeaches.

The next time you are at the beach, look closely at a handful of sand. What makes the sand?


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unit 3: zoom! from earth to habitats lesson 1 sort it...

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