unit 3 two s f tories lying about - ncert

Let’s Begin

Youhavereadtwostoriesaboutflying. ‘HisFirstFlight’ isabouthowayoungbirdlearnstoflyand‘BlackAeroplane’isamystery.

1. Readthestory, ‘HisFirstFlight’again.Working ingroupsoffour,answerthefollowingquestionsselectingthecorrectoption.

?;

UNIT

3 Two STorieS abouT Flying

Q.1. Theyoungseagullwasafraidofflyingbecause_________________________________________.

(a) hefelthiswingswouldnotsupporthim (b) otherbirdknewtoflyverywell (c) theseawasverylarge (d) hismotherandfatherthreatenedhim

Q.2. Whydidhisfamilytaunthimabouthiscowardice? (a) Hewentwithhissistersandbrothers. (b) Hewasnotlisteningtothem. (c) Hewasnotacceptingtheirrequesttoflywiththem. (d) Hewasnotlikedbythematall.

Q.3. Howdidtheyoungseagullstartflying? (a) Hismothershowedhimthefishandmovedaway

fromhimtomakehimfly. (b) Hisbrothersandsisterstrainedhimtofly. (c) Hewashungryandhemoved tofly insearchof

food. (d) Hedidnotlearntoflyatall.

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Words and ExprEssions 2 – Class x32

Q.4. Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrueoftheyoungseagull?

(a) Hewaslazyanddidnotwanttofly. (b) Hewantedtofly,butwasafraidofflying. (c) His mother, father, brothers, and sisters helped

himfly. (d) Hishungermadehimfly.

Q.5. Say whether the following statements about theseagull are true or false.

(a) Theyoungseagulllikedtoflywithhisbrothersandsisters. ()

(b) Theyoungseagullwashungrysohestartedtofly. ( )

(c) Hewasscaredofflyingfirst. () (d) Heflewonhisowntogetthefood. ()

2. Youhaveanotherstory,‘TheBlackAeroplane’inthelesson.Readthestoryagainanddevelopatleastfivemultiplechoicequestionsbasedonthestory.Work inpairsandaskyourpartner to answer them. The questionsmay be based ontheevents,persons,reasonsandcausesoftheevents,andresultsinthestory.

Yourquestions

1.

2.

3.

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Unit 3 – Two StorieS aboUt Flying 33

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4.

5.

Reading CompRehension text iLet’snowreadthestoryofabusconductorandhispassengerswithadog.ThestoryiswrittenbyA.GGardiner.

AllaboutaDog

It was a bitterlycoldnight,andevenatthefarendofthebustheeastwindthatravedalongthestreetcutlikeaknife.Thebusstoppedandtwowomenandamangotintogetherandfilledthevacantplaces.Theyoungwomanwasdressedinsealskin,andcarriedoneofthoselittlePekinesedogsthatwomeninsealskinliketocarryintheirlaps.Theconductorcameinandtookthefares.Thenhiseyes restedwitholdmaliceon thebeadyeyedtoy dog. I saw trouble brewing. This was the opportunity forwhichhehadbeenwaitingandheintendedtomakethemostofit.IhadmarkedhimasthetypeofwhatMr.WellshascalledtheResentfulEmployee,themanwithagreatvaguegrievanceagainsteverythingandaparticulargrievanceagainstpassengerswhocameandsatinhisseatwhileheshiveredatthedoor.

“Youmusttakethatdogout,”hesaidwithsourvenom.“I shall certainly donothing of the kind. You can takemy

nameandaddress,”saidthewoman,whohadevidentlyexpectedthechallengeandknewthereply.

“Youmusttakethedogout—that’smyorders.”“Iwon’tgoonthetopinsuchweather.Itwouldkillme,”said

thewoman.“Certainlynot,”saidherladycompanion,“You’vegotacough

asitis.”“It’snonsense,”saidhermalecompanion.

bitterly

embittered

evidently

malice

Look Up and

Understand

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Theconductorpulledthebellandthebusstopped.“Thisbusdoesn’tgountilthatdogisbroughtout.”Andhesteppedontothepavementandwaited.Itwashismomentoftriumph.Hehadthelawonhissideandthewholebusfullofangrypeopleundertheharrow.Hisembitteredsoulwashavingarealholiday.

Thestorminsiderosehigh“Shameful!”“He’snobetterthanaGerman.”“Whyisn’theinthearmy?”“Callthepolice.Let’sallreporthim.”“Let’smakehimgiveusourfaresback.”Everybodywasonthesideoftheladyandthedog.

That little animal sat blinking at the dim lights in happyunconsciousness of the rumpus of which he was the cause.The conductor came to thedoor, “What’s yournumber?” saidone,takingoutapocket-bookwithagestureofterriblethings.“There’smynumber,”saidtheconductorimperturbably.“Giveusourfaresback.”“Youcan’tleaveushereallnight.”“Nofaresback,”saidtheconductor.

Two or three passengers got out and disappeared into thenight.Theconductortookanotherturnonthepavement,thenwentandhada talkwith thedriver.Anotherbus, the lastontheroad,sailedbyindifferenttotheshoutsofthepassengerstostop,“Theystickbyeachotherthevillains,”wasthecomment.

Someone pulled the bell violently. That brought the driverroundtothedoor,“Who’sconductorofthisbus?”hesaidandpaused for reply. “Nonecoming,”he returned tohisseat,andresumedbeatinghisarmsacrosshischest.Therewasnohopein that quarter. A policeman strolledup and looked in at thedoor.Anavalancheofindignantprotestsandappealsburstonhim. “Well, he’s gothis rules, youknow,”he said. “Give yournameandaddress.”“That’swhathe’sbeenoffered,andhewon’ttakeit.”“Oh,”saidthepoliceman,andhewentawayandtookhisstandafewyardsdownthestreet,wherehewasjoinedbytwomoreconstables.

Andstillthelittledogblinkedatthelights,andtheconductorwalked to and fro on the pavement, like a captain on thequarterdeckinthehourofvictory.Ayoungwoman,whosevoicehadrisenhighabovethegaleinside,descendedonhimwithanairofthreateningandslaughter.Hewasimmovableascoldasthenight,andashardasthepavement.Shepassedoninafuryofimpotencetothethreepolicemen,whostoodlikeagroupofstatuaryonthestreetwatchingthedrama.Thenshecameback,

avalanche

imperiously

imperturbably

indignant

quarterdeck

Look Up and

Understand

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imperiouslybeckonedtoher ‘youngman’whohadsatasilentwitnessofherrage,andvanished.Othersfollowed.Thebuswasemptying.Eventhedashingyoungfellowwhohaddemandedthenumberandwhohaddeclaredhewouldseethisthingthroughifhesatthereallnight,hadtakenanopportunitytoslipaway.

Meanwhile the Pekinese party was passing through everystageasof resistance toabject surrender. “I’ll goon the top.”saidthesealskinladyatlast.“Youmustn’t.”“Iwill.”“You’llhavepneumonia.”

“Letme take it.” (This from theman) “Certainly not.” Shewoulddiewithherdog.Whenshehaddisappearedupthestairs,theconductorcameback,pulledthebell,andthebuswenton.He stood sourly triumphant while his conduct was savagelydiscussedinhisfacebytheremnantoftheparty.

Thentheenginestruckwork,andtheconductorwenttohelpthedriver.Itwasalongjobandpresentlytheladywiththedogstoledownthestairsandre-enteredthebus.Whentheenginewas put right, the conductor came back and pulled the bell.Thenhiseyesfellonthedog,andhishandwenttothebell-ropeagain.Thedriver lookedaround, theconductorpointedto thedog, the bus stopped, and the struggle recommencedwith alltheoriginalfeatures—theconductorwalkingthepavement,thedriversmackinghisarmsonthebox,thelittledogblinkingatthelights,thesealskinladydeclaringthatshewouldnotgoonthetopandfinallygoing.

“I’vegotmyrules,”saidtheconductortomewhenIwasthelastpassengerleftbehind.Hehadwonhisvictory,butfeltthathewould like to justify himself to somebody. “Rules,” I said,“arenecessary things,but thereare rulesandrules.Somearehardandfastrules,liketherulesoftheroad,whichcannotbebrokenwithoutdangertolifeandlimb.Butsomeareonlyrulesforguidance,whichyoucanapplyorwinkat,ascommonsensedictates,likethatruleaboutthedogs.Theyarenotawhip,putinyourhandtoscourgeyourpassengerswith,butanauthorityforanemergency.Theyaremeanttobeobservedinthespirit,not intheletter, forthecomfortandnotthediscomfortofthepassengers.Youhavekept theruleandbroken itsspirit.Youmaymixyourruleswithalittlegoodwillandgoodtemper.”HetookitverywellandwhenIgotoffthebushesaid“Goodnight”quiteamiably.

abjectremnantscourge

smacking

Look Up and

Understand

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Now, complete the box narrating the story in the correctsequence.

VocabULary

1. Making adverbs: bitterly, imperturbably, violently, andevidentlyaresomewordsyouhavecomeacrossinthestory.Theseareadverbs.Afewwordsaregivenbelow.Makeadverbsofthesewordsandusetheminsentencesofyourown.(Takecareofthespellingwhenyouconverttheseintoadverbs.)

(a) Angry _________________________________________

_________________________________________

Once two women and aman got into a bus andfoundplacestosit.

Two or three passengersgot the money back andwalkedaway.

Theconductordidnotgiveup.Hesenttheladywiththedogawaytothetop.

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(b) Vague _________________________________________

_________________________________________

(c) Indignant _________________________________________

_________________________________________

(d) Threatening _________________________________________

_________________________________________

(e) Hurry _________________________________________

_________________________________________

2. Now,lookatthewordgivenbelowinitalic.Hewas immovable.‘im’istheprefixaddedtotheword‘movable’.Theprefix‘im’made‘immovable’anantonymof‘movable’.Now,makemorewordswiththeprefixim-whichareantonyms.

1.mobile—immobile 2.

3. 4.

5. 6.

7. 8.

3. Ingroupsoffive,createaword-weborcollocationchartofwordswithprefixes‘il’and‘in’.

Example:logical—illogical Example:secure—insecure

1. 1.

2. 2.

3. 3.

4. 4.

5. 5.

FUn Facts

For, Since, During

She is going to Mumbai for three years.I am working on the book since Thursday.Can you meet me during tea time.

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Grammar

A. PhrasalverbsThesentencebelow is taken fromthe textyouhave read.Thephrase in italic isaphrasalverb.Aphrasalverb isacombinationofwords (averb+apreposition, forexamplecheck in ora verb+anadverb, for examplebreak down).Whentheyareusedtogether,theyusuallytakeonadifferentmeaningtothatoftheoriginalverb.…Walk awayfromtheoldDakota.walk away is a phrasal verbwhichmeans to move away from.Findoutthemeaningofthefollowingphrasalverbsandusethemappropriatelyinsentences.

(a) walkin _______________________________________________________________________________________________

(b) walk out _________________________________________________________________________________________________

(c) takeaway _________________________________________________________________________________________________

(d) takeup _________________________________________________________________________________________________

(e) takein _________________________________________________________________________________________________

(f) takeout _________________________________________________________________________________________________

(g) giveaway _________________________________________________________________________________________________

(h) givein _________________________________________________________________________________________________

(i) giveup _________________________________________________________________________________________________

(j) putin _________________________________________________________________________________________________

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(k) putaway _________________________________________________________________________________________________

(l) putout _________________________________________________________________________________________________

B. The PassiveComparethetwosentencesgivenbelow:Rameshpaintedthewalls.ThewallswerepaintedbyRamesh. The first sentence is in active form and the second sentenceisinpassive form.Whenthepersondoingtheaction(Ramesh)isthesubject,weusetheverbintheactivevoice.Whenthesubjectiswhattheactionisdirectedat(thewalls),weusetheverbinthepassivevoice.Inthefirstsentence,wetalkedaboutRameshbut inthesecondsentencewetalkedaboutwhathappenedtothewalls. Inthepassivesentenceweuseby+agenttoaddimportantinformation,thatisby Ramesh.Wecanleaveoutby+agent if itdoesnotprovideanyspecificinformation.Example:Allthestudentsweregivensweetsyesterday.Myroomiscleanedeverydayinthemorning.Alargenumberoffilmsonwildlifeconservationhavebeenmade.

Use the words given below and frame sentences using thepassiveformsoftheverbs.

Examples:• Rice/cultivate/Gangetic valley and coastal region.

(SimplePresent)RiceiscultivatedinGangeticvalleyandcoastalregion.

• Thedocuments/sign/principal.(PresentPerfect)Thedocumentshavebeensignedbytheprincipal.

(a) TajMahal/build/ShahJahan.(SimplePast)

______________________________________________________

(b) Malaria virus/transmit/female Anopheles mosquito.(SimplePresent)

______________________________________________________

(c) Thecase/solve/policeandtwopersonsarrest.(PresentPerfect)

______________________________________________________

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(d) Manyhouses/andlives/destroy/thevolcaniceruptioninMt.Etna.(SimplePast)

_____________________________________________________

(e) Theultravioletrays/prevent/theozonelayer/enteringtheearth’ssurface.(SimplePresent)

______________________________________________________

(f) Thefield/convert/playground.(PresentPerfect)

______________________________________________________

C. Unscramblethefollowingsentencestomakemeaningfulones:(a) records/flying/many/who/Americanaviator/wasan/

AmeliaEarhart/set(b) thefirst/across/woman/solo/tofly/theAtlanticOcean/

she/became(c) a flight/July 1937/the globe/Earhart/disappeared/

to circumnavigate/somewhere/over the/Pacific/in/during

(d) was never/found/and/she was/officially declared/planewreckage/lost/atsea/her

(e) century/her/disappearance/remains/of the/one ofthe/greatest/unsolvedmysteries/twentieth

FUn Facts

comma Comma can be used to set off a dependent clause at the beginning of a sentence.After working for an hour, he decided to rest for a while.

1. ________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

2. ________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

3. ________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

4. ________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

5. ________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

(Source:https://io9.gizmodo.com/the-weirdest-unsolved-mysteries -of-world-war-ii-5886698)

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editinG

1. Use capital letters, commas, and full stops to edit thisparagraph.

In some parts of our country, there are frequent reports

about Unidentified Flying Objects (UFOs) which people

claimedtohaveseenflyingintheskyandwhicharebelieved

tobespaceshipscarryingaliens fromotherplanetssome

people have given evidences to support their observations

theysaidthattheyhavefoundmysteriousobjectsinpaddy

fields.Someothers,after seeingafilmonspacesaid that

they had seen unusual objects flying in the sky. Public

panickedtherewereargumentsanddiscussionsalloverthe

country.PolicewereonredalertManycommunitycentres

wereestablishedpeoplebecomemorevigilantgraduallythe

numberofsightingsreduced.

ListeninG

1. Doyoulikeriddles?Riddlesmakeusthinkandattempttosolvepuzzles throughvariouswaysandmeans.Read thisriddleoutloudandfindanswerstoit.Youcanalsodiscusswithyourfriends.Youwillnoticethatwespeakoutwhatwethink.ThisisknownasThink-aloudprotocol.Asyousolvetheriddles,speakoutalltheideasthatcometoyourmindtosolveit.

Riddle 1

Afarmerreturnsfromthemarket,whereheboughtagoat,acabbageandawolf(whatacrazymarket).Onthewayhomehemustcrossariver.Hisboatissmallandwon’tfitmore

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thanoneofhispurchases.Hecannotleavethegoatalonewiththecabbage(becausethegoatwouldeatit),norhecanleavethegoatalonewiththewolf(becausethegoatwouldbeeaten).

Howcanthefarmergeteverythingontheothersideinthisrivercrossingpuzzle?

Riddle 2

Threehumans,onebigmonkey,andtwosmallmonkeysaretocrossariver:

(a) Onlyhumansandthebigmonkeycanrowtheboat.

(b) Atalltimes,thenumberofhumansoneithersideoftherivermustbegreaterorequaltothenumberofmonkeyson that side (or else thehumanswill be killedby themonkeys!).

(c) Theboatonlyhasroomfortwo(monkeysorhumans).

(d) Monkeyscanjumpoutoftheboatwhenit’sontheriverbank.

Howwilltheycrosstheriver?Helpthemout.

WritinG

ArticleWriting

1. ‘Rulesaremeanttobeobservedinspiritnotonlyinletter’.Explainwhatyouunderstandby thisstatement.Writeanarticle in about 120–150words on how the rules can beeffectivelyimplementedinthesocietyandcitizenscanfollowitinthetruespirit.Youmayuseanyoftheideasgiveninthebox.Followthestagesinvolvedintheprocessapproachtowriting.

(a)Useitinthecontextofgender(protectionofwomen’srights/dowry/femaleinfanticide,etc.).

(b)In the context of environment (cutting of trees/poaching/pollution).

(c)Smoking in public/following traffic rules, etc. (addcartoonswithfunfacts,forexampleparkinginfrontofnoparkingsign).

(d)Inthecontextofvalueandselfdiscipline.

FUn Facts

comma Comma can be used before and after quotation marks.

“He is happy,” the Principal said.The principal said, “He is happy.”

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2. Youhavereadandexperiencedhowthelittleseagulllearnttoflyandthenthestoryofthemysteriousblackaeroplane.Youhavealso read the story, ‘All aboutadog’.Howwerethese experiences? You may have also experienced somesuch situations in your life: learning to ride on a bicycle,watchingacatoranyotheranimaltryingtojumpoverthewall,yourownbitterexperienceinadifficultsituation,etc.Thinkofsuchanexperienceandwritedownthepointsanddeveloptheideasintoanoutline.Writeyourexperienceslikeashortstory.

StoryWriting

______________________________________________________________________

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______________________________________________________________________

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______________________________________________________________________

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Project

Go around your neighbourhood and talk to people, particularly elders, and collect riddles and puzzles in their languages.

• Ask them how and why such riddles could have emerged.

• Collect at least 10 – 15 riddles and write them in an order with information.

• Find out more about the riddle.

• Present it to the class as a chart and oral presentation.

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unit 3 two s f tories lying about - ncert

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