unit 1 powerpoint #8 (the gilded age politics and reform)
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Unit 1 powerpoint #8 (the gilded age politics and reform)](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051513/547d18f6b4af9fef158b52ba/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Politics and Reform
![Page 2: Unit 1 powerpoint #8 (the gilded age politics and reform)](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051513/547d18f6b4af9fef158b52ba/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Two sides are even and there is not a way for one side to beat the other
![Page 3: Unit 1 powerpoint #8 (the gilded age politics and reform)](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051513/547d18f6b4af9fef158b52ba/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Party of morality
Reformers
Abolition
Temperance
![Page 4: Unit 1 powerpoint #8 (the gilded age politics and reform)](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051513/547d18f6b4af9fef158b52ba/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Party of Personal Liberty
Dominated the South
![Page 5: Unit 1 powerpoint #8 (the gilded age politics and reform)](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051513/547d18f6b4af9fef158b52ba/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
1876 and 1888
Presidents Hayes and Harrison win the
Electoral College but lose the popular vote
Has this happened recently?
![Page 6: Unit 1 powerpoint #8 (the gilded age politics and reform)](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051513/547d18f6b4af9fef158b52ba/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
![Page 7: Unit 1 powerpoint #8 (the gilded age politics and reform)](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051513/547d18f6b4af9fef158b52ba/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: Unit 1 powerpoint #8 (the gilded age politics and reform)](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051513/547d18f6b4af9fef158b52ba/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
The act of giving government jobs to
supporters of the winning party in an election
Also called the "Spoils System”
![Page 9: Unit 1 powerpoint #8 (the gilded age politics and reform)](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051513/547d18f6b4af9fef158b52ba/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: Unit 1 powerpoint #8 (the gilded age politics and reform)](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051513/547d18f6b4af9fef158b52ba/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: Unit 1 powerpoint #8 (the gilded age politics and reform)](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051513/547d18f6b4af9fef158b52ba/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Republican reformers who wanted an end
to the patronage system
![Page 12: Unit 1 powerpoint #8 (the gilded age politics and reform)](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051513/547d18f6b4af9fef158b52ba/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Republicans who supported patronage
Government jobs went to family and friends
![Page 13: Unit 1 powerpoint #8 (the gilded age politics and reform)](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051513/547d18f6b4af9fef158b52ba/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
President James Garfield is assassinated in 1881 in a train
station by a supporter who did not receive a job after the
election
“I am a Stalwart and Arthur is President now!!”
![Page 14: Unit 1 powerpoint #8 (the gilded age politics and reform)](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051513/547d18f6b4af9fef158b52ba/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Was passed in reaction to Garfield's assassination
Jobs must be filled according to the rules made by a bipartisan committee (Civil Service Commission)
Candidates must take an examination (Civil Service Exam) to qualify
![Page 15: Unit 1 powerpoint #8 (the gilded age politics and reform)](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051513/547d18f6b4af9fef158b52ba/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Gilded_Politics
![Page 16: Unit 1 powerpoint #8 (the gilded age politics and reform)](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051513/547d18f6b4af9fef158b52ba/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Nationally, some politicians pushed for reform in the hiring system, which had been based on Patronage (giving jobs and favors to those who helped a candidate get elected). Reformers pushed for adoption of a merit system(hiring the most qualified for jobs). The Pendleton Civil Service Act of 1883 authorized a bipartisan commission to make appointments for federal jobs based on performance.
Applicants for
federal jobs
are required to
take a Civil
Service Exam
![Page 17: Unit 1 powerpoint #8 (the gilded age politics and reform)](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051513/547d18f6b4af9fef158b52ba/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Rise of Monopolies
A monopoly is having exclusive control of a commodity
or service in a particular market, or a control that
makes possible the manipulation of prices.
![Page 18: Unit 1 powerpoint #8 (the gilded age politics and reform)](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051513/547d18f6b4af9fef158b52ba/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Robber Barons
Examples:
Andrew Carnegie (steel) U.S. Steel
Milton S. Hershey (Chocolate)
J. P. Morgan (banking, finance, industrial consolidation)
John D. Rockefeller (oil) Standard Oil
Leland Stanford (railroads)
Cornelius Vanderbilt (railroads)
The 19th century term for a businessman or
banker who dominated a respective industry and
amassed huge personal fortunes, typically by
anti-competitive or unfair business practices.
![Page 19: Unit 1 powerpoint #8 (the gilded age politics and reform)](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051513/547d18f6b4af9fef158b52ba/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Railroads gave rebates to large corporations because of their volume seemingly gouging smaller volume customers
Tariffs increased prices on manufactured goods and made it difficult for farmers to export
![Page 20: Unit 1 powerpoint #8 (the gilded age politics and reform)](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051513/547d18f6b4af9fef158b52ba/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
The federal government has the power to regulate rates for traffic between states
![Page 21: Unit 1 powerpoint #8 (the gilded age politics and reform)](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051513/547d18f6b4af9fef158b52ba/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
In response to Wabash v. Illinois, Congress passed a law that rates must be reasonable and just (fair)
It also made it illegal to charge higher rates for shorter hauls (prohibited discriminating against small markets)
It was ineffective because there was no enforcement of the law
![Page 22: Unit 1 powerpoint #8 (the gilded age politics and reform)](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051513/547d18f6b4af9fef158b52ba/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
The_Interstate_Commerce_Act
![Page 23: Unit 1 powerpoint #8 (the gilded age politics and reform)](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051513/547d18f6b4af9fef158b52ba/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Made it illegal to combine a company into a
trust or conspire to restrain trade or commerce
The law was ineffective because it was vague
and the courts did not enforce it
![Page 24: Unit 1 powerpoint #8 (the gilded age politics and reform)](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051513/547d18f6b4af9fef158b52ba/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
The_Sherman_Antitrust_Act
![Page 25: Unit 1 powerpoint #8 (the gilded age politics and reform)](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051513/547d18f6b4af9fef158b52ba/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
![Page 26: Unit 1 powerpoint #8 (the gilded age politics and reform)](https://reader034.vdocuments.mx/reader034/viewer/2022051513/547d18f6b4af9fef158b52ba/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Although the ICC and Sherman Antitrust
Act were ineffective they did set a
precedent for government regulation
Garfield's assassination leads to reforms
that are still in practice today