Unit 1: Introduction to World History

Today’s Topic: Non-Governmental Organizations

(NGOs)I Can:1. Define NGO2. Identify specific examples of NGOs3. Analyze the goals & structure of the UN

In your notes . . .

Definition: Non-Governmental Organization (NGO)• any non-profit, voluntary citizens' group which is organized around a

specific goal• can exist on a local, national or international level

• NGOs:• perform a variety of service and humanitarian functions, • raise awareness and monitor issues all over the world,• bring citizen concerns to governments,• and encourage political participation.

• Some are organized around specific issues, such as human rights, the environment or health issues.• Many NGOs work closely with the United Nations (UN).

Other NGOs

• As a class, let’s brainstorm a list of NGOs that exist today. We will come back to many of them in a few days.

The United Nations (UN)• Why was the UN created?

• The first half of the 20th century (1900s): WWI, the Great Depression, WWII.

• There had been a world-wide organization, called the League of Nations, that had tried to deal with these disasters, but it failed.

• In 1945, the UN was created in San Francisco to replace the League of Nations.• The UN headquarters can be found today in New York

City.• Today, there are 193 member nations in the UN.• They meet regularly to discuss and act on major issues

around the world.

• So what is the purpose of the UN really??

The Preamble to the UN Charter

• What is a charter?• What is a preamble?

• DIRECTIONS: With a partner, read the preamble to the UN Charter. Discuss the meaning of the preamble and, on the provided sheet, rewrite it in your own words. (Each person must write on their own sheet.)

• Be prepared to share!

Supplemental Reading: The United Nations• On your own, complete the provided reading on the history, goals, and

structure of the UN.• After reading each section of the reading, provide a “10% summary”.

• This means you should explain, in your own words, what the section of the text is telling you.

• If the original reading has 10 sentences, you may write 1 sentence as your summary. If the original reading has 100 sentences, you need to write about 10 sentences.

• You have the rest of class to complete the assignment. Anything not completed in class should be completed for homework.• This assignment is worth 20 HW points.• To earn the full 20 points, you must show real effort and thought in your summaries.

Homework Check

• Please take out your supplemental reading on the UN to be checked for completion.• Be prepared to share your summaries!

WednesdaySeptember 9, 2015

Unit 1: Introduction to World History

Today’s Topic: The United Nations

In your notes . . .

UN: The General Assembly

• 193 Members• Conducts business every day in New

York City.• All members meet every year in

September.

• General Assembly votes on how to respond to global issues• Simple majority (1/2) needed to win a

vote• 2/3 needed for security & budgetary

issues as well as the admission of new members

UN: The Security Council

• The Security Council deals with major issues.• All member nations are required to adhere to

Security Council decisions.• The council is made up of:• 5 Permanent Members – USA, Russia, UK, France,

China• Must have a unanimous vote in order to act.

• 10 Elected Members (from the General Assembly) – Angola, Chad, Chile, Jordan, Lithuania, Malaysia, New Zealand, Nigeria, Spain, Venezuela• Serve 2 Year Terms

UN Security CouncilBlue – Permanent MembersGreen – Elected Members

UN: The Secretariat

• Carries out the day-to-day responsibilities of running the UN• Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon of South

Korea (since 2007)

UN: Economic & Social Council

• Economic & Social Council• Handles funding for many issues• Regional economic commissions

exist (Africa, Europe, Latin America, Asia)• Commissions exist on food, drugs,

tech, social development, human rights, refugees

International Court of Justice

• Located at The Hague in the Netherlands• Known as the “International City of Peace and Justice”

• 15 justices elected by General Assembly from:• France, Somalia, Japan, Slovakia, Morocco, Brazil, UK,

China, USA, Italy, Uganda, India, Jamaica, Australia, Russia

• The ICoJ:• Does NOT put individuals on trial, but • Settles international disputes submitted to it by

member nations• Gives advisory opinions on legal questions referred to it

by United Nations

• Example cases – What are they working on now?

As a class . . .

• Let’s create a simple flow chart on the board that clearly shows the structure of the UN.• You should re-create the graphic organizer in your notes.• We will then look at a very detailed flow chart.

Exit Ticket – Limitations of the UN

• What limitations might hinder the UN from accomplishing its goals as stated in the preamble to its charter?• In your notes, brainstorm ideas with a neighbor.• Be prepared to share!