Unit 1, Chapter 1, Section 2: The Neolithic Revolution

When – Around 8000 BCE (10,000 years ago) to 4000 BCE

Neo – New; Lithic – Stone (New Stone Age)

What's the difference? Paleolithic – Hunters

and gatherers Followed food as it

traveled Nomadic lifestyle

Neolithic - SYSTEMATIC AGRICULTURE

DOMESTICATION A more settled

community lifestyle

What's being grown/domesticated?

Wheat and Barley (Rice in Asia) Cows, sheep, goats and pigs Cats and Dogs Horses, elephants, camels, llamas

Çatalhöyük One of the largest

preserved neolithic villages discovered.

Approximately 8700 years old

Could have housed around 6,000 people

Evidence of temples leading to early thoughts of religion

Çatalhöyük How are they getting

in to the houses/getting from house to house?

What else do you notice about the village?

Çatalhöyük – What do we do?

ARTISANS – People who specialize in the production of items or objects.

What are the results of the Neolithic Revolution?

Defensive walls Store houses Improved tools

Roles of men and women Men take on greater

role of herding and farming in addition to hunting.

Women take care of duties around home.

What do we get out of the Neolithic Era?

Basis for farming and domesticating animals Refinement of tools to help daily life Artisans specializing in individual products Basis for economies and wealth. Materials change from stone to copper to

bronze to iron

Odds and ends of the Paleolithic, Mesolithic and Neolithic Eras

Early surgeries using flint or obsidian knives

Kos, show the arrowheads!

Odds and ends of the Paleolithic, Mesolithic and Neolithic Eras

Early versions of boats and canoes dug out from trees (also known as dugout boats)

This is thought to have been built around 8500 B.C.

Odds and ends of the Paleolithic, Mesolithic and Neolithic Eras

This one was built around 6000 B.C. in Africa.

Other boats theorized to have been made of wood and wrapped in leather or animal hides.

Odds and ends of the Paleolithic, Mesolithic and Neolithic Eras

Possibly the first calendars.

Tailored clothing? Early dentistry. Beer and drugs? Fermentation of foods

for preservation. Furniture and lavatory

use. Lamps and early

flashlights.

Culture and Civilization Culture – A person

or a group of people's way of life

Civilization – A larger culture shared by a group of people located in a similar area.

Cities

No more nomadic lifestyles Area to connect a group of people Residents share a common lifestyle Each resident typically has a role within the

city

Government

• The need for rules and regulations

• Early governments lead by Monarchs (Kings and Queens)

Religion Seeking to find the

need to explain the world and what happens

Gods and Goddesses needed to be appeased for the civilization's success

Priests

Social Structure Social classes –

Groups of people rising to have more power than others

Writing The ability to keep

records and documents.

Also the ability to express one's self creatively.

Art Expressing one's

self creatively. Also for pleasing

those of the higher classes or the Gods and Goddesses.