unified multi-input dc-dc converter for hybrid distributed generation systems

8/13/2019 Unified Multi-Input DC-DC Converter for Hybrid Distributed Generation Systems

1/24

Unified Multi-input DC-DC Converter forHybrid Distributed Generating Systems

Made by :

Ajay Jamodkar

([email protected])

Anil Kumar

Ameya Chandrayan

Kaustubh Umathe

Under the guidance of :

Prof. M.V. AwareHOD Electrical Department

Visvesvaraya National

Institute of technology ,

Nagpur


2/24

INDIA'SENERGYASPIRATIONS Current Capacity : 173,855 MW

(utility) - 5th largest in the world

Peak shortage ~ 15% Environmental concerns

India 3rd largest emitter of CO2behind China and US

38% of emissions from powersector

Energy security concerns 67% power from coal-based

thermal plants - need to dependon imports

Net electricity generation requiredin 2020 : 1850 billion units Per Capita Electricity consumption in

2020 : ~ 1200 kWh

Still, well below world average of 2800kWh

How do we grow to ~ 2,000 billion kWh by 2020 ?


3/24

HOWTOGROWANDBESUSTAINABLE?

RenewableSources of

Energy

ReducingTransmissionand DistributionLosses.

Hybrids andElectricVehicles.

Smart Grid

Hybrid Distributed

Power Generation

Systems

EfficientTechnology to

Generate Powerfrom

Convectional

Power Sources


4/24

Various renewable sources of energy have different power generation

characteristics.

Need of Unified Multi-input DC-DC Converterfor Hybrid Distributed Generating Systems

Presently in order to integrate different renewable power generatingsources to a common bus different DC-DC converters are required.

Key factors to improve efficiency of distributed generatingsystem : Improving performance and efficiency of each of these devices. Most importantly increasing the overall efficiency of the integration

systems. Reducing cost and size of the overall system.

New power management algorithms for effective utilisation of theseresources

I-V characteristics of solar cell V-I characteristics of Fuel cell


5/24

.

We developed A new unified multi-Input DC-DC Converter topologywhich is developed for Hybrid Distributed Generating Systems.

It is used to integrate the renewables with energy storage device. Interface these with common converter to a grid

What we did ?

Advantages : This eliminates the dedicated DC-DC converters for each individual

renewable source. Therefore improves the overall conversion efficiency. A new single integral switching cycle having duty ratio control for each

resource to regulate optimal power flow . Improved reliability due to less count of components.


6/24

The control task is implemented using highspeed microcontroller (ATmega 328 ).

MOSFETS are used for high speed switching . Use of various current and voltage sensors to

manipulate input variables. Use of MPPT algorithm to maximize solar

power .

Working Principle :


7/24

Integrating power sources having different characteristics in a single unitis a unique feature.

The overriding MPPT algorithm continuously trying to maximise thepower evacuation to satisfy the load demand.

The economic operation through our robust power management algorithmenables the decision on optimal utilisation of available resources.

A storage device (Battery) in the system allows further support to the gridunder various operating conditions.

The low cost microcontrollers and less device count reduces the overall

cost and maintenance without compromising with the efficiency.

Use of Sine PWMbased inverter to maintain power quality on the outputside.

Use of I2C protocol to effectively communicate between differentcontrollers.

Main features :


8/24

An efficient yet cost effective way for integration of multiple renewablesources.

More reliable and efficient power conversion system .

Use of Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithm to extractmaximum available power from solar cells.

Efficient power management programme for optimal power flow is

realisation through duty cycle control.

It provides economical power to the grid with more stable support throughbattery energy storage having scope in future SMARTGRIDenvironment.

Commercial utility :

A Reduced size and low cost device implementing MPPT ,Power management,PWM algorithms thus making it more feasible in fast growing renewablemarket.

Thus using this technology, apart from meeting their own needs, individualswill be able to contribute power to the grid in a distributed grid system.

Practical Implementation of technology :


9/24

Current Status of the project :

The conceptualisation of having multi-input for interfacing different renewablehas been simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK.

A prototype of 500 W has beenbuilt with PV cell (24 Volt, 200 W) and fuel cell(through emulator-50 W) as power sources and battery for energy storage(12V, 7Ah).

(Main Project Prototype) The performance tests with different duty cycle control were carried out under

different operating conditions.

The power management programme was also verified in simulation withdifferent power flow condition. The MPPT algorithm with incrementalconductance method was tested off-line with the PV model simulator.

A fuel cell emulator was developed using controlled constant current sourcedue to cost concerns.

The integrated circuit performance was verified with a SPWM based inverterto convert the DC output of this converter to the load under offline condition

(THD Performance )


10/24

Future Work To be done :

Development of a more efficient and Robust Master Power managementalgorithm.

Miniaturization of the circuit Improving the THD of inverter in order to achieve power quality

requirements. Testing of the overall prototype under Of-grid and On-grid Loading

conditions. Modification according to industrial standards to make it suitable for open

market.

Our project won 3rdprize at GRID TECH 13, 4thInternationalexhibition and Conference organised by Power Grid corp. India ltdand supported by Ministry of Power.

Problems Faced : Insufficient funding.Availability of components .Need of a well equipped lab.

Time to time guidance from subject matter experts and industrial peopleworking in the same field.


11/24

Thank You


12/24

Backcomplete setup


13/24

Back


14/24Back


15/24

Back


16/24

Back


17/24

I-V characteristics of solar cell

Back


18/24

Back


19/24

BackMasterAlorithm


20/24

Back


21/24

Back


22/24

Back


23/24

Back


24/24

Back

unified multi-input dc-dc converter for hybrid distributed generation systems

Documents