Upload File

understanding the relationship between reading ... · pdf fileunderstanding the relationship...

  • Home
  • Documents
  • Understanding the relationship between reading ... · PDF fileUnderstanding the Relationship Between Reading Comprehension Skills and Strategies Strategies are generally more complex
2
Understanding the Relationship Between Reading Comprehension Skills and Strategies Strategies are generally more complex than skills because they require the orchestration of several skills to effectively use the strategy. In order to use the strategy of summarizing, students have to apply several skills including sequencing of events, making judgments, noting details, making generalizations, and using story structure or text organization. Effective instruction links comprehension skills to strategies to promote strategic reading. Teaching Children to Read: The Report of the National Reading Panel 2000) concluded that strategies employed by effective readers can be explicitly taught to improve reading comprehension. The NRP analyzed 203 studies of comprehension strategy instruction and found that there was research evident for the direct, explicit instruction of 8 strategies. Explanation of each strategy and the research supporting the use of the strategies is listed in the first section. It is important to infuse informational text into communication arts classrooms and, it is also important to integrate comprehension instruction into content area classrooms, especially for adolescent learners (Sadler 2001; Alvermann and Eakle 2003; Fisher and Frey 2004). Doing so helps improve the learning of the content and student’s comprehension abilities. Torgenson (2007) provides five recommendations for improving content area instruction: Recommendation 1: Provide explicit instruction and supportive practice in the use of effective comprehension strategies throughout the school day. Recommendation 2: Increase the amount and quality of open, sustained discussion of reading content. Recommendation 3: Set and maintain high standards for text, conversation, questions, and vocabulary. Recommendation 4: Increase students’ motivation and engagement with reading. Recommendation 5: Teach essential content knowledge so that all students master critical concepts. The following chart, based on research by Pressley and Afflerback (1995), outlines how strategies are used by students and can be taught and supported by teachers before reading, during reading, and after reading. What Good Readers Do Before, During, and After Reading What Teacher’s Can Do to Support All Readers Before, During, and After Reading Before Reading Before Reading

Upload: tranmien

Post on 03-Mar-2018

216 views

Category:

Documents


1 download

Report

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Understanding the relationship between reading ... · PDF fileUnderstanding the Relationship Between Reading Comprehension Skills and Strategies Strategies are generally more complex

UnderstandingtheRelationshipBetweenReadingComprehensionSkillsandStrategies

Strategiesaregenerallymorecomplexthanskillsbecausetheyrequiretheorchestrationofseveralskillstoeffectivelyusethestrategy.Inordertousethestrategyofsummarizing,studentshavetoapplyseveralskillsincludingsequencingofevents,makingjudgments,notingdetails,makinggeneralizations,andusingstorystructureortextorganization.Effectiveinstructionlinkscomprehensionskillstostrategiestopromotestrategicreading.

TeachingChildrentoRead:TheReportoftheNationalReadingPanel2000)concludedthatstrategiesemployedbyeffectivereaderscanbeexplicitlytaughttoimprovereadingcomprehension. TheNRPanalyzed203studiesofcomprehensionstrategyinstructionandfoundthattherewasresearchevidentforthedirect,explicitinstructionof8strategies.Explanationofeachstrategyandtheresearchsupportingtheuseofthestrategiesislistedinthefirstsection.Itisimportanttoinfuseinformationaltextintocommunicationartsclassroomsand,itisalsoimportanttointegratecomprehensioninstructionintocontentareaclassrooms,especiallyforadolescentlearners(Sadler2001;AlvermannandEakle2003;FisherandFrey2004).Doingsohelpsimprovethelearningofthecontentandstudent’scomprehensionabilities.Torgenson(2007)providesfiverecommendationsforimprovingcontentareainstruction:Recommendation1:Provideexplicitinstructionandsupportivepracticeintheuseofeffectivecomprehensionstrategiesthroughouttheschoolday.Recommendation2:Increasetheamountandqualityofopen,sustaineddiscussionofreadingcontent.Recommendation3:Setandmaintainhighstandardsfortext,conversation,questions,andvocabulary.Recommendation4:Increasestudents’motivationandengagementwithreading.Recommendation5:Teachessentialcontentknowledgesothatallstudentsmastercriticalconcepts.Thefollowingchart,basedonresearchbyPressleyandAfflerback(1995),outlineshowstrategiesareusedbystudentsandcanbetaughtandsupportedbyteachersbeforereading,duringreading,andafterreading.

WhatGoodReadersDo

Before,During,andAfterReadingWhatTeacher’sCanDotoSupportAllReaders

Before,During,andAfterReading

BeforeReading BeforeReading

Page 2: Understanding the relationship between reading ... · PDF fileUnderstanding the Relationship Between Reading Comprehension Skills and Strategies Strategies are generally more complex

SetagoalPreviewthetextPredictwhatthetextwillsay

IntroduceandteachkeyvocabularyActivatepriorknowledgeBuildcriticalbackgroundinformation

DuringReadingReadingsequentially,skimmingsomeparts,focusingonothersRereadingsomesectionsMakenotesTuneintomainideasandideasrelatedtogoalCheckandadaptpredictionsMonitorandrepaircomprehensionConnecttoworldknowledgetomakeinferencesParaphraseandsummarizepassagesRespondtoandevaluatetext

DuringReadingModel“goodreader”strategiesTeachstudentshowtomonitortheircomprehensionthroughdemonstrationsandthink‐aloudsDevelopandguidestudentsthroughdeepquestionsandhigherlevelthinkingTeachstudentshowtodrawinferencesthroughthinkaloudsandinitialandfollowupquestionsduringandafterreadingTeachstudentshowtosummarizethemainideaofselectedparagraphsAskstudentstostudentstoconfirm,disconfirm,orextendpredictionsandquestionsgeneratedpriortoreadingknowledgetomakeinferences.

AfterReadingRereadselectivelySummarizeReflectThinksabouthowinformationmightbeusedinthefuture

AfterReadingTeachstudentstoreflectuponwhattheyhavereadTeachstudentstorereadcriticalsectionsofthetextTeachstudentshowtosummarizewhattheyhavereadTeachstudentstothinkabouthowtheymightusetheinformationinthefuture

Source:Diamond,Gutlohn,Honig,TeachingReadingSourcebook,2008,p.613


The relationship between FL reading strategies and FL ... · Key words: FL reading strategies, language proficiency, strategy use in academic reading. ... FL reading strategy use

Relationship between Learning Strategies and Goal ... · Relationship between Learning Strategies and Goal Orientations: ... Relationship between learning strategies and goal

Lesson 1 Reading Strategies. Lesson 1: Reading Strategies Lesson 2: Math Strategies Lesson 3: Writing Strategies

Reading strategies

Lesson 1: English Composition 1 Review Topics Significance of Reading Reading Strategies The Relationship between Reading and Writing Purposes of Writing

READING COMPREHENSION AND READING STRATEGIES

Guided Reading Strategies for Reading Comprehension€¦ · reading strategies, during reading strategies, and post-reading strategies specifically modified to improve comprehension

Strategies for Reading Success - Wikispacesregion6pd.ncdpi.wikispaces.net/file/view/Strategies for Reading PPT... · they are speaking. ” Put Reading First ... Strategies for Reading

Relationship Development Strategies

READING COMPREHENSION AND READING STRATEGIES

1-Reading and Reading Strategies

L2 Students' Metacognitive Awareness of Reading Strategies ... · L2 Students' Metacognitive Awareness of Reading Strategies and its Relationship to Reading Comprehension Ana Cristina

M.A. Program in Translation for Business and EducationThe relationship between strategic reading instruction and student learning how to use L2-based reading strategies and L2 reading

Reading Strategies Writing Strategies

READING COMPREHENSION STRATEGIES€¦ · Strategies Overview Four Key Instructional Strategies • Read Aloud • Shared Reading • Guided Reading • Independent Reading . Section

Excerpts from Kidspiration® in the Classroom: Reading ... · Kidspiration® in the Classroom: Reading Essentials ... K-2 Comprehension Strategies for Reading ... Phonics is the relationship

Reading keys reading strategies slideshow

3. The Relationship between Saudi EFL College-Level Students’ Use of Reading Strategies and

Understanding the Relationship between Reading Fluency and … · 2017-08-27 · Understanding the Relationship between Reading Fluency and Reading Comprehension: Fluency Strategies