Understanding human relationship and Group dynamics

M.A.Psychology Sem-2

Interpersonal Attraction

"Interpersonal attraction is the

evaluation of another person

in a positive or negative

way".

-

Baron & Byrne (1977)

Image Source:https://favpng.com/png_view/law-of-attraction-

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Determinants of interpersonal attraction

Internal Determinants External Determinants Interactive Factors

1.Need for Affiliation 1. Physical

attractiveness

1.Similariry

Attitude Similarity/

Personality similarity/

Behavioral similarity

2.Affect 2.observable

characteristics

2.Mutual Liking

3.Ingratiation

4.Proximity

Theories of Interpersonal Attraction

Balance theory:

Image Source :https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Some-dynamics-of-social-

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Theories of Interpersonal Attraction

Exchange Theory by Thebaut & Kelly (1959)

• Main concepts-

• Reward

• Cost

• Outcome

• Comparision Level

Theories of Interpersonal Attraction

Complementry need theory by Winch(1958)

o Opposites attract

o Two types of complementry needs –TypeI,TypeII

o Complementry needs are reason behind interpersonal attraction

Group

"A group consists of two or more persons who share norms about certain things with one another and whose social roles are very inetrlocking."-Newcomb(1960)

Classification of group

• Primary and secondary group

• Formal and informal group

• In-group and out-group

• Mobile and immobile group

• Exclusive and Inclusive group

• Accidental and Purposive Group

• Membership and Reference Group

Process of Group formation

Forming

Norming

Storming Performing

Adjourning

Group Effectiveness: The group having satisfactory group productivity and optimum member satisfaction is called an effective group.

Determinants of Group Effectiveness

Factors relating to group structure Factors relating to group interactions

1.Size of group 1. Leadership style

2.Composition of group 2.Group-work motivation

3.Status hierarchy 3.Friendship relations

4. Channels of communication

Decision making in group Techniques:

1. Brainstorm Ideas

2. Nominal Group Technique

3. Delphi Technique

4. Put it to a Vote

5. Rank the Possibilities

6. Pros & Cons List

Process

Diagnosing Problem

Develop Alternatives

Evaluating the alternatives

Implementing and monitoring the decision

Leadership styles

Classification of Bogurdus(1940)-

1.Direct and indirect leadership

2.Partisan and scientific Leadership

3.Social ,executive and mental leadership

4.Autocratic,Chrismatic,Paternal and democratic leadership

5.Prophets ,saints, experts and boss

Leadership styles

Kimbal Young's classification-

1.Political boss

2.Democratic Leaders

3.Bureaucrats

4.Diplomat

5.Reformer

6.Thorist

Leadership styles

Kimbal Young's classification-

1.Political boss

2.Democratic Leaders

3.Bureaucrats

4.Diplomat

5.Reformer

6.Thorist

Leadership styles

• Lippit and White's classification-

• 1.Authoritarian Leadership

• 2.Democratic Leadership

• 3.Laissez-faire leadership

Qualities of an effective leader

Source : 1.An outline of Social Psychology –Arun Kumar Singh

2. Social Psychology - R.A. Baron, N.R. Branscombe ,

D. Byrne and G. Bharadwaj

Other e-resources

• http://egyankosh.ac.in/bitstream/123456789/20868/1/Unit-3.pdf

• http://www.egyankosh.ac.in/bitstream/123456789/54159/1/B-3U-6.pdf

• http://epgp.inflibnet.ac.in/Home/ViewSubject?catid=31

• http://egyankosh.ac.in/bitstream/123456789/8005/1/Unit-6.pdf

• http://egyankosh.ac.in/bitstream/123456789/20892/1/Unit-1.pdf