Under the Black Umbrella: Voices from Colonial Korea, 1910-1945 by Hildi KangReview by: Lucian W. PyeForeign Affairs, Vol. 81, No. 1 (Jan. - Feb., 2002), p. 227Published by: Council on Foreign RelationsStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/20033064 .

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Recent Books

helped toughen her character, which turned toward authoritarianism during her governance-most notably when she decreed a state of emergency in 1977 and set aside Indian democracy. The

Nehru family gave a great deal to Indian development, but they bet wrongly on the superiority of state planning and the Soviet Union.

Under the Black Umbrella: Voicesfrom ColonialKorea, 1910-1945. BY HILDI KANG. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2001, 166 pp. $25.00.

It is often said that Japan's colonial ventures produced two contrasting legacies: bitterness in Korea and posi tive memories in Taiwan. This book argues that Koreans had in fact more

mixed experiences. Kang, married to a Korean, learned from family conversa tions that life for Koreans under Japanese rule was often quite normal and even joyful. She then interviewed dozens of Koreans around San Fran cisco and used those talks as the basis for this fascinating work. Although

Kang does not claim to offer a repre sentative sample of Koreans' memories, she does illustrate their ambivalence.

Under the Japanese policy of assimila tion, for example, Koreans went to school with Japanese classmates, com peted with them at Japanese universities, and could even have Japanese subordi nates in the workplace. Conversely, Korean nationalist rebelliousness could lead to prison and harsh treatment. In short, Koreans experienced the same complex love-hate feelings about their Japanese rulers that characterize most colonial relationships. Although modern Korean nationalism still suppresses

positive memories of the colonial era, the more relaxed environment in Cali fornia has apparently allowed Koreans to revive them.

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Lynne Rienner, 2001, 218 pp. $49.95. This outstanding study of the Rwandan genocide by a U.N. diplomat augments earlier works with significant new analysis based on the author's extensive interviews and cogent insights about conflict resolution. Although not com pletely dismissing the conventional view that timely outside intervention could have prevented the 1994 holocaust, Jones argues for an appreciation of the conflict's complexities and the multiple roles played by outsiders during each of its stages. Particularly valuable are the discussion of the 14-month negotiation process that produced the unsuccessful 1993 Arusha accords and the analysis of why the abortive peace process failed to resolve the problem of extremist spoilers within the Hutu-dominated

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F O R E I G N AF FA I R S January/February 2002 [227]

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