SHUM, Y. F. Ultrasonic method of testing the strength of keramzite 0mydite) concrete. Beton et Zelezobeton, 12, No. 6, p. 15 (1966)

A method of ndt of concre te panels (approximately 35cm thick) or other concre te products as par t of a continuous production line is desc r ibed . It uses s tandard equipment and the technique is based on measu remen t of u l t rasonic velocity in the panels and compar ing it to s tandards of known quality (3 figures) (Ultrasonics 1967,abstract 633)

THOMAS, I. D. Insect and rodent e l iminat ion in food f ac to r i e s . Food Trade Review, 36, No. 9, p. 50 (1966)

A shor t desc r ip t ion of the Sona-guard, an ul t rasonic rodent control unit. The mains operated equipment is self contained and cons i s t s of a f rac t ional horsepower motor , c o m p r e s s o r and an ul t rasonic pneumatic t r ansduce r . The f requency of the the u l t rasonic waves var ies continuously and this p roves in- to lerable to ra t s and mice. Independent t r i a l s have e s t a b l i s h - ed that the unit is effective both indoors and outdoors. (1 f igure, 1 r e f e r ence ) (Ultrasonics 1967, ab s t r ac t 634)

during the p r o c e s s . Two or more w a t e r - j e t - c o u p l e d p robes with spec ia l ly developed scanning equipment can inspect tubes of d i ame t e r 1 .2-45cm for laminar and radial defec ts and measu re the wall th ickness . (2 f igures) (Ul t rasonics 1967, a b s t r a c t 638)

Ul t rasonic p r o c e s s speeds tube drawing. Steel, 159, No. 20, p. 38 (1966)

An u l t rasonica l ly v ibra ted mandre l reduces the t ime needed for the cold drawing of s t a in l e s s s tee l tubing by 36~/o. The f ixed-plug mandre l was used for th in-wal led 316 tubing of 0 .25mm (0.01 in.) wall th ickness and 4 .76mm (0. 1875 in) outside d i ame te r at t o l e rances 2.5~m (0.0Olin). In addition to the higher speeds achieved, longer mandre l life and be t te r sur face f inish a re repor ted . Different c r o s s - s e c t i o n a l shapes and s i z e s in a var ie ty of meta ls can be p r o c e s s e d by u l t r a son ics without any de te r io ra t ion in the i r quality. Another shor t a r t i c le in the same issue 'Ul t rasonic unit m e a s u r e s s t r e s s in p a r t s ' , d e s c r i b e s a new ins t rumen t for measur ing the amount of res idua l or applied s t r e s s on the sur face of meta ls . It is poss ib le to de t e rmine s t r e s s to within 1001b/in 2 (2 f igures) (Ultrasonics 1967 ,abs t rac t 639)

THORKILDSEN, R. E. and RICH, S. R. Cent r i fuga l -sonic defoaming of coat ings. TAPPI 49, No. 9, p. 95A (1966)

Continuous defoaming and deaera t ing of solutions used in paper coatings is accompl i shed by combining low a c c e l e r a - tion centr i fugal force and ul t rasonic energy. This p ro ce s s complete ly e l imina tes chemica l de foamer s , does not affect the chemica l p rope r t i e s of the ma te r i a l and can be used in continuous production. The machine, cal led the Sontifuge uses five a i r - and s t e a m - p o w e r e d t r a n s d u c e r s and has a throughput of 60gal/min. The machine has brought continuous economies in t ime and mate r ia l s and has considerably de - c r e a s e d the re jec t rate due to oil s p o t s , f i s h eye winking etc. The p roce s s is applicable in other indus t r ies (5 f igures , 1 r e fe rence ) (Ultrasonics 1967, abs t r ac t 635)

VYBORNOV, B. I. Method of in te rpre t ing osc i l l og rams in uRrasonic tes t ing of turb ine and c o m p r e s s o r blades . Zavodskaia Laborat ia , 32, No. 5, p. 560 (1966)

Detailed procedure is given for de te rmin ing the location and the s ignif icance of sur face c racks in power genera t ing machinery. P r i s m a t i c probes generat ing Rayleigh waves at 2.5MHz are d i scussed as well as coupling and scanning methods. Some common e r r o r s of in te rpre ta t ion a r i s ing f rom inhomogenet ies of mate r ia l s a re shown (5 f igures) (Ultrasonics 1967, abs t rac t 636)

WELLS, C. D. A c lo se r look at uRrasonic flaw detect ion cal ibrat ion. Br i t i sh Journal of Non-Destruct ive Test ing, 8, No. 4, p. 84 (1966)

A genera l d i scuss ion of the purposes and l imitat ions of the t ime, l inear i ty and amplitude ca l ibra t ion used in ndt. Special emphas i s is placed on wall th ickness m e a s u r e m e n t s , weld resting and the select ion of p robes and f requenc ies . Notes for guidance on decibels a re given and tables and graphs i l lus t ra te the p rob lems encountered with angle probes (11 f igures , 2 tables) (Ultrasonics 1967, abs t rac t 637)

Non-des t ruc t ive tube inspect ion. The Engineer , 222, No. 5778,p. 593 (1966)

A new range of ul t rasonic equipment developed by Stewarts and Lloyds and made by Davy and United Ins t ruments is descr ibed . It is continuous on-l ine equipment intended for tubes welded by the e lec t r i c r e s i s t ance p r o c e s s . Coupled to recording and a la rm devices it gives instantaneous in forma- tion to allow the opera tor to make n e c e s s a r y adjus tments

Ultrasonics: Big noise in aluminium joining. Welding Engineer, 51, No. 12, p. 39 (1966)

Ultrasonic welding is the best available process for produ- cing reliable bonds between aluminium parts or between parts made of aluminium and parts made from other mate- rials (e.g. stainless steel). This fact emerges from a com- prehensive paper based on a book shortly to be published. Ultrasonics is a solid state process,produces no heat and gives bond strength of 60-100% of parent metal. With avail- able equipment, spot, continuous-seam and ring welds are possible in material up to 3.2ram thick. (5 figures, 3 tables) (Ultrasonics 1967, abstract 640)

NDT--'Sound' r e a s o n s for the use of u l t rasonics . Welding Engineer , 41, No. 6, p. 48 (1966)

The ar t ic le is par t of a survey of ndt methods. Basic p r in - c iples of u l t rason ics , re la t ive cost of this technique and its applicabil i ty and advantages a re examined. Out of this s u r - vey a d i scuss ion is developed of the pr inc ip les and mer i t s of an u l t rasonic image convers ion sys t em has been publ ish- ed in the s ame journal (51, No. l l , p . 44, 1966) (Ul t rasonics 1967, abs t rac t 641)

Ultrasonics plus diamonds for machining glass and ceramics. Design and Components in Engineering, 8, No. 12, p. 6 (1966)

Comprehens ive descr ip t ion and working deta i l s of the new automatical ly control led rotat ing u l t rasonic t r ansduce r head. It uses d iamond- impregna ted tool bits , thus comple te ly e l i - minating the conventional abras ive s lu r ry . Depth of holes and to le rances achieved are much be t te r than previously poss ib le , e.g. in g lass , c e r a m i c s or aluminium 0 .75mm (0.03in) with an accuracy of +0.025mm (0. 001in) p r e s e n t s no difficulty. Slotting, dovetail ing, end-mi l l ing and t h r ead - forming a re other machining opera t ions on which useful in- format ion is given. (6 f igures , 1 table) (Ultrasonics 1967, abs t r ac t 642)

Ultrasonic leak detector, Instruments and Control Engineering, 66, No. 11, P. 42 (1966) A comprehensive paper on the increasing number of applica- tions for the ultrasonic translator-detector. The instrument senses the inaudible noises generated by the collision of gas molecules, friction in solids or corona discharge. Among new applications mentioned are detectors of gysoscopic fric- tion and as an aid in mass spectroscopy. It is simple to use, gives an instantaneous indication, and can be used in explos- ive atmospheres (12 figures) (URrasonic 1967, abstract 643)

132 ULTRASONICS April 1967 ~Produced by ~ISEOPRIST at The Gresham Press, Unwin Brothers Limited, Woking, Surrey