types of reactions 1.synthesis reactions 2.decomposition reactions 3.single displacement reactions...
TRANSCRIPT
Types of Reactions1. Synthesis reactions
2. Decomposition reactions
3. Single displacement reactions
4. Double displacement reactions
5. Combustion reactions
6. Acid Base reactions
You need to be able to identify each type.
1. Synthesis
Example C + O2
OO C + O O C
General: A + B AB
Ex. Synthesis Reaction
Practice
Balance
Na(s) + Cl2(g)
Mg(s) + F2(g)
Al(s) + F2(g)
NaCl(s)
MgF2(s)
AlF3(s)
2. Decomposition
Example: NaCl
General: AB A + B
Cl Na Cl + Na
Ex. Decomposition Reaction
3. Single DisplacementExample: Zn + CuCl2
ZnClCl Cu +
General: AB + C AC + B
ClCl Zn Cu+
Zn was oxidized
Went from neutral (0) to (+2)
Cu was reduced
Went from (+2) to Neutral (0)
Ex. Single Replacement Reaction
Single Replacement Reactions
• Write and balance the following single replacement reaction equation:
• Zn(s) + HCl(aq) ZnCl2 + H2(g)2
• NaCl(s) + F2(g) NaF(s) + Cl2(g)
• Al(s)+ Cu(NO3)2(aq)
2 2
Cu(s)+ Al(NO3)3(aq)3 232
4. Double displacement
Example: MgO + CaS
General: AB + CD AD + CB
SOMg Ca
+O S
Mg Ca+
Double Replacement Reactions
• Think about it like “foil”ing in algebra, first and last ions go together + inside ions go together
• Example:
AgNO3(aq) + NaCl(s) AgCl(s) + NaNO3(aq)
• Another example:
K2SO4(aq) + Ba(NO3)2(aq) KNO3(aq) + BaSO4(s) 2
5. Combustion Reactions• Combustion reactions - a
hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen gas.
• This is also called burning!!!
• In order to burn something you need the 3 things in the “fire triangle”:
• 1) Fuel (hydrocarbon)2) Oxygen 3) Something to ignite the reaction (spark)
Combustion Reactions• In general:
CxHy + O2 CO2 + H2O
• Products are ALWAYS
carbon dioxide and water. (although incomplete burning does cause some by-products like carbon monoxide)
• Combustion is used to heat homes and run automobiles (octane, as in gasoline, is C8H18)
Combustion
• Example• C5H12 + O2 CO2 + H2O
• Write the products and balance the following combustion reaction:• C10H22 + O2
5 68
Acid Base Reactions
• Looks just like double replacement
• Acids generally start with H
• Bases generally end with OH
• Products are always water and a salt
HCl + NaOH H2O + NaCl
H OH HOH or H2O
Mixed Practice
• State the type & balance the reaction
1. BaCl2 + H2SO4 BaSO4 + HCl
2. C6H12 + O2 CO2 + H2O
3. Zn + CuSO4 ZnSO4 + Cu
4. Cs + Br2 CsBr
5. FeCO3 CO2 + Fe