two new mite species of the genus stigmaeus (acari...

585

Turk J Zool2012; 36(5): 585-591 TBTAKdoi:10.3906/zoo-1110-26

Two new mite species of the genus Stigmaeus(Acari: Stigmaeidae) from Turkey

Gldem DNEL1, Salih DOAN2,*, Sevgi SEVSAY2, Durmu Ali BAL11Department of Science Education, Education Faculty, Erzincan University, Erzincan - TURKEY

2Department of Biology, Arts and Sciences Faculty, Erzincan University, Erzincan - TURKEY

Received: 28.10.2011 Accepted: 09.02.2012

Abstract: Two new mite species of the genus Stigmaeus from Turkey, S. tokatensis sp. nov. and S. amasyanus sp. nov., are described and illustrated based on females. A key to all known Turkish species of the genus is included.

Key words: Acari, Stigmaeidae, Stigmaeus, new species, Turkey

Research Article

* E-mail: [email protected]

IntroductionTh e genus Stigmaeus is one of the largest groups of the family Stigmaeidae. Members of this genus are found in or on soil, litter, grass, leaf, mulch, lichen, bark, beetle frass, rock crevices, and leaf cavities, and a few are parasitic on phlebotomine fl ies (Doan and Ayyldz, 2003; Dnel and Doan, 2011). Stigmaeus has a worldwide distribution with more than 100 described species. To date, 26 species of Stigmaeus are described or reported from Turkey (Doan, 2007; Erman et al., 2007; Dnel and Doan, 2011; zelik and Doan, 2011). In this paper, 2 species are described as new: Stigmaeus tokatensis sp. nov. and Stigmaeus amasyanus sp. nov. A key to the species of Stigmaeus recorded from Turkey is also provided.

Materials and methodsMethods used for specimen collection, extraction, material preservation, preparation, and drawing of

the specimens were as discussed by Doan (2006). Dorsal setal and leg setal designations follow Kethley (1990) and Grandjean (1944), respectively. Th e chaetotaxy of the leg segments is given with solenidia in parentheses. All of the measurements are given in micrometers (m) and refer to the length of the structure unless otherwise stated. Measurements of the holotype are given fi rst, followed in parentheses by those of the paratypes. Th e type materials are deposited in Acarology Laboratory of Erzincan University, Erzincan, Turkey.

Results and discussionFamily: Stigmaeidae OudemansGenus: Stigmaeus KochType species: Stigmaeus cruentus Koch, 1836.Idiosoma narrowly to broadly oval. Prodorsum without shields or typically with a large shield, with 3

Two new mite species of the genus Stigmaeus (Acari: Stigmaeidae) from Turkey

586

or 4 pairs of setae, setae sce on small auxiliary shields. Eyes present or absent, postocular bodies present or absent. Hysterosoma without distinct shields or with a central and paired or unpaired distinctive shields: marginal, zonal, intercalary, and suranal. h3 absent or present. Humerals in ventrolateral position. Coxisternal shields present, divided along midline. Ventral opisthosomal area with 3 to 5 pairs of aggenital setae, genital and anal valves fused or contiguous, with 1 to 3 pairs of genital setae and 3 pairs of pseudanal setae. Chelicerae separate.

Palptibial claw subequal to or slightly shorter than palptarsus; accessory claw seta-like or spine-like. Terminal eupathidia on palptarsus basally fused and split into 3 long prongs. Counts of setae and solenidia from palptrochanter to palptarsus: 0322 + 1 claw + 1 accessory claw4 + 1 + 1 subterminal spine-like eupathidium + 3 eupathidia (basally fused). Subcapitulum with 2 pairs of subcapitular setae (Summers, 1962; Khanjani and Ueckermann, 2002; Fan and Zhang, 2005; Faraji and Ueckermann, 2006; Dnel and Doan, 2011).

Key to the Turkish species of Stigmaeus1- Propodosomal shield present ................................................................................................................................ 2- Propodosomal shield absent .................................................................................................S. tokatensis sp. nov.2- Central and marginal shield present ..................................................................................................................... 3- Central and marginal shield absent ......................................................................................S. elongatus Berlese3- Central shield without setae ................................................................................................................................... 4- Central shield with 2 or 3 pairs of setae ............................................................................................................... 54- Genua II with 2 setae ........................................................................................... S. karabagiensis Akyol & Ko - Genua II with 4 setae ..........................................................................................S. devlethanensis Akyol & Ko5- Central shield with 3 pairs of setae ..................................................................................................................... 6- Central shield with 2 pairs of setae ................................................................................................................... 126- Femur II with 5 setae ............................................................................................................................................ 7 - Femur II with 4 setae .............................................................................................. S. ayyildizi Dnel & Doan7- Genua II with 3 or 4 setae .................................................................................................................................... 8 - Genua II with 2 setae .......................................................................................................................................... 11 8- Genua II with 3 setae ......................................................................................................... S. seferihisarensis Ko - Genua II with 4 setae .............................................................................................................................................. 9 9- ve/sci = 2.6................................................................................................................................S. solidus Kuznetsov - ve/sci = 1.4-1.7 ....................................................................................................................................................... 10 10- vi and ve equal in length, idiosoma 390 ................................................................ S. kamili Doan & Ayyldz- vi shorter than ve, idiosoma 480 ............................................................................................ S. scaber Summers 11- ve/e2 = 1.4, all dorsal setae simple ................................................................................. S. longipilis (Canestrini)- ve/e2 = 6.3, most dorsal setae pectinate ................................................................................. S. fi delis Kuznetsov12- Two median zonal shields .................................................................................................................................... 13- One median zonal shield .................................................................................................... S. amasyanus sp. nov.13- Dorsum with 2 extra nonsetose shields laterally .................................................S. additicius Dnel & Doan- Dorsum without extra shields.............................................................................................................................. 14

G. DNEL, S. DOAN, S. SEVSAY, D. A. BAL

587

Stigmaeus tokatensis sp. nov. Holotype. Female (Figures 1 and 2). Length of body 288 (285-295), width 120 (118-

135).Dorsum. Body elongated. Prodorsum without

shield. Apodemal marking located between setae ve. Eyes absent. Opisthosoma with shield. Small shields with setae e2. Intercalary shield divided, with setae f1. Suranal shield entire, with 3 pairs of setae (h1-3). Dorsal body setae faintly serrated. Dimensions of setae as follows: vi: 18 (18-20); ve: 43 (38-47); sci: 20 (20-25); sce: 50 (47-57); c1: 10 (8-13); c2: 45 (40-53); d1: 10 (8-15); d2: 10 (8-13); e1: 10 (10-15); e2: 15

(13-20); f1: 15 (10-20); h1: 27 (23-30); h2: 30 (27-37); h3: 20 (18-25); vi-vi: 25 (20-30); ve-ve: 38 (30-43); vi-ve: 13 (10-18); sci-sci: 45 (40-48); ve-sci: 43 (40-47); sci-sce: 38 (33-40); sce-sce: 105 (100-110); c1-c1: 115 (100-118); d1-d1: 30 (30-35); d2-d2: 93 (90-105); c1-d1: 53 (50-55); c1-d2: 48 (50-54); d1-d2: 35 (30-37); e1-e1: 23 (20-27); d1-e1: 38 (30-40); f1-f1: 43 (40-47); e1-f1: 33 (30-35); e2-f1: 28 (25-33); h1-h1: 28 (25-30); h2-h2: 43 (35-40); h3-h3: 63 (60-68).

Venter. Coxisternal shields divided along midline, bearing 3 pairs of setae (1a, 3a, and 4a). Four pairs of aggenital setae (ag1-4) located on the same shield. Genital cover bearing 3 pairs of setae (g1-3). Anal cover with 3 pairs of setae (ps1-3). Dimensions of setae

14- Five pairs of aggenital setae .......................................................................................S. furcatus Dnel & Doan- Th ree or 4 pairs of aggenital setae ....................................................................................................................... 1515- Suranal shield divided ........................................................................................................................................... 16- Suranal shield entire .............................................................................................................................................. 1716- Genua I with 6 setae ...............................................................................................................S. planus Kuznetsov - Genua I with 4 setae .......................................................................................................................... S. urhani Ko17- Femur II with 4 setae ............................................................................................................................................ 18- Femur II with 5 setae ............................................................................................................................................ 1918- Postocular bodies absent ..........................................................................................S. angustus Dnel & Doan- Postocular bodies present ......................................................................................................S. pilatus Kuznetsov19- Genua III and IV without setae ........................................................................................................................... 20- Genua III and IV with 1 or 2 setae ...................................................................................................................... 2120- Genua II with 3 setae ............................................................................................. S. kelkitensis Dnel & Doan- Genua II with 2 setae ............................................................................................S. kumalariensis Akyol & Ko 21- Genua III and IV with 1 seta................................................................................................................................ 22- Genua III and IV with 2 setae ................................................................................. S. dazkiriensis Akyol & Ko22- Diameter of postocular bodies 93 .................................................................................. S. glabrisetus Summers- Diameter of postocular bodies 53 ....................................................................................................................... 2323- Dorsal setae with truncated, jagged tips ............................................................................................................. 24- Dorsal setae not as above...................................................................................................................................... 2524- ve/sci = 1.6, idiosoma 561 .................................................................................................... S. obtectus Summers- ve/sci = 3.1, idiosoma 322 .............................................................................S. uzunolukensis zelik & Doan 25- ve/sci = 2.3, idiosoma 394 .........................................................................................................S. siculus (Berlese)- ve/sci = 1.9, idiosoma 500 .............................................................................................................S. luxtoni Wood


588

as follows: ag1 = ag2: 10 (8-12); ag3: 12 (10-15); ag4: 15 (10-15); g1 = g2: 8 (8-10); g3: 10 (10-12); ps1: 15 (10-18); ps2: 13 (10-15); ps3: 15 (13-18).

Legs. Leg I: 175 (170-185), leg II: 156 (150-165), leg III: 148 (140-153), leg IV: 163 (160-165). Chaetotaxy of leg segments as follows: coxae 22

22, trochanters 1121, femora 6632, genua 6()423, tibiae 7(,p)6(p)6(p)6(p), tarsi 14()10()8()8(). Genua I with solenidion . All tarsi with solenidion .

Gnathosoma. Chelicera 65 (60-70), palp 63 (60-67) long. Subcapitulum with 2 pairs of adoral setae

100 m A, B

A

C

B

65 m C

100 mA C

DB

A-D

Figure 1. Stigmaeus tokatensis sp. nov. female: A) dorsal view of idiosoma, B) ventral view of idiosoma, C) palp.

Figure 2. Stigmaeus tokatensis sp. nov. female: A) leg I, B) leg II, C) leg III, D) leg IV.


589

(ro1,2) distally and 2 pairs of subcapitular setae (m and n) proximally. Dimension of setae: m: 23 (20-25); n: 15 (13-18), distances between setae: m-m: 18 (15-20); n-n: 23 (20-25).

Male and other immature stages: Unknown.Etymology: Th e new species name tokatensis

refers to the type locality, Tokat.Type material: Holotype , 8 paratypes , from

decayed bark of a tree, 402722N, 370255E, 398 m, Tokat, Turkey, 8 IV 2010.

Remarks: Th is new species resembles Stigmaeus elongatus Berlese, S. candidus Fan & Li, and S. arboricola Wood (Berlese, 1886; Fan and Li, 1993; Wood, 1981). However, it can be distinguished from all of those by the following combinations of features: propodosomal shield absent, suranal and aggenital shields entire, numbers of setae on leg femora and genua 6-6-3-2 and 6-4-2-3, respectively. Diff erences between the new species and related species are given in the Table.

Stigmaeus amasyanus sp. nov. Holotype. Female (Figures 3 and 4). Length of body 303 (310), width 130 (135).Dorsum. Body elongated, narrow between

propodosoma and hysterosoma. Dorsal shields with reticulum. Propodosomal shield with 3 pairs of setae. Posterior margin of propodosomal shield indenting forward. Eyes absent. Apodemal marking on propodosomal shield. Setae sce located on auxiliary shields. Central shield with 2 pairs of setae. e1 located on median zonal shield. Median zonal shield single. Setae d2 located on marginal shields and setae e2 located on lateral zonal shields. Intercalary

shield divided, with setae f1. Suranal shield entire, recessed anteriorly, with 3 pairs of setae (h1-3). Dorsal ornamentations as shown in Figure 3. Dorsal body setae faintly serrated. Dimensions of setae as follows: vi: 18 (20); ve: 40 (44); sci: 20 (22); sce: 35 (40); c1: 15 (18); c2: 38 (43); d1: 25 (28); d2: 28 (30); e1: 25 (28); e2: 23 (25); f1: 25 (28); h1: 20 (23); h2: 25 (28); h3: 18 (20). Distances between setae: vi-vi: 28 (28); ve-ve: 45 (48); vi-ve: 13 (15); sci-sci: 48 (50); ve-sci: 53 (55); sci-sce: 40 (45); sce-sce: 110 (115); c1-c1: 110 (115); d1-d1: 30 (35); d2-d2: 90 (93); c1-d1: 50 (55); c1-d2: 45 (50); d1-d2: 25 (30); e1-e1: 27 (30); d1-e1: 37 (40); d1-e2: 48 (55); e2-e2: 55 (60); e1-e2: 25 (27); e2-d2: 63 (65); f1-f1: 45 (47); e1-f1: 33 (35); e2-f1: 20 (23); h1-h1: 30 (35); h2-h2: 45 (48); h1-h2: 15 (18); h3-h3: 63 (65).

Venter. Setae c2 placed on humeral shields. Coxisternal shields separated, bearing 3 pairs of setae. Aggenital shield with 4 pairs of setae. Genital covers bearing 3 pairs of setae. Pseudanal covers bearing 3 pairs of setae. Ventral shields smooth. Dimensions of setae as follows: ag1 = ag2: 8 (10); ag3: 15 (18); ag4: 20 (22); g1: 8 (10); g2 = g3: 10 (12); ps1: 20 (24); ps2: 25 (28); ps3: 28 (30).

Legs. Leg I: 185 (193), leg II: 165 (168), leg III: 153 (160), leg IV: 170 (200). Chaetotaxy of leg segments as follows: coxae 2222, trochanters 1121, femora 6432, genua 6()533, tibiae 7(,p)6(p)6(p)6(p), tarsi 14()10()8()8(). Genua I with solenidion . All tarsi with solenidion .

Gnathosoma. Chelicera 73 (80), palp 70 (80). Subcapitulum with 2 pairs of adoral setae distally and 2 pairs of subcapitular setae proximally. Dimension of setae: m: 18 (20); n: 23 (25), distances between setae: m-m: 18 (20); n-n: 25 (25).

Table. Diff erences between S. tokatensis sp. nov. and related species.

Species Propodosomal shield Setae on femora Setae on genua Aggenital shield Suranal shield

S. elongatus (=luteus) + 6-6-3-2 6-5-3-3 divided or entire entire

S. arboricola - 4-4-3-2 5-1-0-0 divided divided

S. candidus - 6-5-3-2 6-2-0-1 divided or entire entire

S. tokatensis sp. nov. - 6-6-3-2 6-4-2-3 entire entire

+ yes, - no.


590

100 m

A B

A, B

100 m

A C

DB

A-D

Figure 3. Stigmaeus amasyanus sp. nov. female: A) dorsal view of idiosoma, B) ventral view of idiosoma.

Figure 4. Stigmaeus amasyanus sp. nov. female: A) leg I, B) leg II, C) leg III, D) leg IV.


591

Male and other immature stages: Unknown.Etymology: Th e new species name amasyanus

refers to the type locality, Amasya.Type Material: Holotype and one paratype

from moss on bark of Pinus sp., 404456N, 361808E, 260 m, Amasya, Turkey, 21 V 2010.

Remarks: Th is new species resembles Stigmaeus stercus Kuznetsov & Petrova in bearing a single me-dian zonal shield, and same setal formula of genua 6()533 (Kuznetsov and Petrova, 1979). Howev-er, it can be distinguished from the latter by suranal shield recessed anteriorly (smooth in S. stercus), fem-ora 6432 (6632 in S. stercus), and aggenital setae 4 pairs (5 pairs in S. stercus).

ReferencesBerlese, A. 1886. Acari, Myriapoda et Scorpiones ucusque in Italia

reperta. Padova, fasc. 30, No 7.

Doan, S. 2006. Contributions to the knowledge of the raphignathoid mites of Turkey (Acari, Raphignathoidea) with description of a new species. Internat. J. Acarol. 32: 371-375.

Doan, S. 2007. Checklist of raphignathoid mites (Acari: Raphignathoidea) of Turkey. Zootaxa 1454: 1-26.

Doan, S. and Ayyldz, N. 2003. Stigmaeus kamili, a new species of the genus Stigmaeus (Acari, Stigmaeidae) from Turkey with new data of other stigmaeid mites. Arch. Sci. 56: 1-10.

Dnel, G. and Doan, S. 2011. Th e stigmaeid mites (Acari: Stigmaeidae) of Kelkit Valley (Turkey). Zootaxa 2942: 1-56.

Erman, O., zkan, M., Ayyldz, N. and Doan, S. 2007. Checklist of the mites (Arachnida: Acari) of Turkey. Second supplement. Zootaxa 1532: 1-21.

Fan, Q.H. and Li, L. 1993. Description of three new species of superfamily Raphignathoidea (Acari: Actinedida). J. Fujian Agr. Univ. 22(3): 321-324.

Fan, Q.H. and Zhang, Z.Q. 2005. Raphignathoidea (Acari: Prostig-mata). Fauna of New Zealand 52. Manaaki Whenua Press, Lin-coln, New Zealand.

Faraji, F. and Ueckermann, E.A. 2006. A new species of Stigmaeus from Spain, re-description of S. corticeus Kuznetzov & Wainstein and a key to the European species of Stigmaeus (Stigmaeidae). Acarologia 46: 87-93.

Grandjean, F. 1944. Observations sur les acariens de la famille des Stigmaeidae. Arch. Sci. Phy. Natur. 26: 103-131.

Kethley, J. 1990. Acarina: Prostigmata (Actinedida). In: Soil Biology Guide (ed. D.L. Dindal), John Wiley and Sons, New York, pp. 667-756.

Khanjani, M. and Ueckermann, E.A. 2002. Th e stigmaeid mites of Iran (Acari: Stigmaeidae). Internat. J. Acarol. 28(4): 317-339.

Kuznetsov, H.H. and Petrova, A.D. 1979. Th ree new species of prostigmatic mites (Acariformes, Tydeidae, Stigmaeidae), from the caves of the Caucasus and central Asia. Nauchnye Doki. Vyss. Shkoly Biol. Nauki 10: 30-33.

zelik, S. and Doan, S. 2011. A systematic investigation on stigmaeid mites (Acari: Stigmaeidae) of Uzunoluk forest (Erzurum, Turkey). Trk. Entomol. Derg. 35(4): 6 99-719 (in Turkish with English abstract).

Summers, F.M. 1962. Th e genus Stigmaeus (Acarina: Stigmaeidae). Hilgardia 33: 491-537.

Wood, T.G. 1981. New species and records of Stigmaeidae (Acari: Prostigmata) from New Zealand. III. Genus Stigmaeus Koch. N.Z. J. Zool. 8: 369-377.

two new mite species of the genus stigmaeus (acari...

Documents