Tsuyoshi KawakamiILO Decent Work Technical Support Team

for East, and Southeast Asia and the Pacific

Integrating rights and protection in value chain and local development

Participatory approaches to improving safety, health and working conditions in grassroots workplaces

Examples of participatory programmes to improve working conditions in grassroots workplaces

Work Improvement in Neighbourhood Development (WIND)

Work Improvement in Small Enterprises (WISE)

Work Improvement for Safe Home (WISH)

Work Improvement in Small Construction Sites (WISCON)

Work adjustment for Recycling and Managing Waste (WARM)

WIND programme: WIND programme: Approach to farmersApproach to farmers

Principles inPrinciples in ＷＩＮＤ ＷＩＮＤ training training programmeprogramme

1. Learn from local good examples;1. Learn from local good examples;

2. Start with simple, low-cost 2. Start with simple, low-cost improvements;improvements;

3. Use easy-to-use training materials;3. Use easy-to-use training materials;

4. Train farmer trainers;4. Train farmer trainers;

5. Sustain farmer trainer networks.5. Sustain farmer trainer networks.

Implementing a WIND training programme

1. Action-checklist exercise to find improvement points

2. Farmer trainer showing local good examples

3. Husbands and wives jointly making their action proposals

Implementing a WIND training programme

4. Husbands and wives presenting proposals. (Follow-up visits to them will be made a few months later)

Action checklist

9. Adjust the work height so that work is done at elbow level or slightly lower than elbow level.

Do you propose action ? No Yes Priority Remarks:……………….…………………………………………..…………………..10. Provide stable chairs or benches with sturdy backrests.

Do you propose action ? No Yes Priority Remarks:………………….…………………………………………..………………..11. Choose work methods to alternate standing and sitting and to avoid bending and squatting postures as much as possible.

Do you propose action ? No Yes Priority Remarks:…………….……………………………………………..…………………..

Example of WIND Action-Checklist with good example illustrations

Easy-to-understand illustrations 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 as a

tool of WIND farmer trainers

Before improvements

After improvements

Safe storage of agro-chemicals

Easy-to-understand illustrations as a tool of WIND farmer trainers

Taking short breaks to recover

from fatigue and prevent accidents

Easy-to-understand illustrations as a tool of WIND farmer trainers

Improvement examples made by farmersExample １； Self-made hand trucks

for carrying heavy materials

Example 2 ： Covering a moving machine belt

Before improvement After improvement

Improvement examples made by farmers

Example 3 ： Safe storage of pesticides (left) and used bottles (right)

Improvement examples made by farmers

Example 4: Improving a community bridge

Improvement examples made by farmers

Before improvement 　 After improvement

Costs spent for making improvements after a WIND training workshop

Farmers can make many low-cost improvements by using their own ideas and locally

available materialsimprovements/cost

zero <1 USD >1 USD > 5 USD 5USD <   total

kitchen ********* ***** ****** *** * 24

Resting corner *********** **** *******

** * - 23

Work environment ***** *** ** **** - 14Income generation * - *** ***** ***** 14Carrying heavy materials ** * **** *** * 11

From a WIND workshop in Cantho city, Vietnam

Extending WIND training WIND farmer volunteers train neighbouring

farmers 　　　　　　　　　　WIND farmer

volunteer

24 WIND trainer workshops held

480 WIND farmer volunteers trained

Developing WIND farmer volunteer systems in Vietnam - Supported by ILO/Japan multibilateral

programme from 2005-2007 -

28,508 improvements ： made by participating farmers

7,922 farmers ： trained by WIND farmer volunteers

:

Central government

Provincial committee

WIND farmer volunteers

Neighbouring farmers

Policy support & training

materials 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

　　

WIND training and follow-up

activities

Training and supporting farmer

volunteers

ILO Technical Cooperation

Government support to WIND farmer volunteers in Vietnam

1st National Safety and Health Programme （ 2006-2010 ） ;

- adopted WIND farmer volunteer systems; and - allocated national budget for increasing coverage.

WIND Training integrated into National Safety and Health Programme

Bring workplace voices to national policy !

Advisory support at national policy level

Action-oriented training at

grassroots level

Interactions

ILO instruments

ILO training programmes

Training WIND farmer volunteers

WIND training by farmer volunteers

Summary: Steps taken to extend WIND training and reach more grassroots

farmers Step 1

Integrating into national policy & programme

Reaching more farmers

Follow-up and networking farmer volunteers

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

Step 5

Collecting local good examples

1.Good practice approach

2.Cooperation with local people’s networks

3.Photos sheets for on-site training activities

WISH Programme: Approach to home workers in Cambodia

Start with participatory, action-checklist exercise

21. Increase natural ventilation by having more openings, windows or open doorways.

Do you propose action ?o No o Yes o Priority Remarks:……………….…………………………………………..…………………..

22. Provide adequate clothes and personal protective equipment such as glasses, shoes, and gloves.

Do you propose action ?o No o Yes o Priority Remarks:………….……………………………………………..……………………..

23. Provide at least two unobstructed exits from rooms and enough fire extinguishers.

Do you propose action ?o No o Yes o Priority Remarks:……….……………………………………………..………………………..

WISH (Work Improvement for Safe Home) action checklist with illustrations

Group work for identifying practical actions for improvements

Group discussion Presentation

Follow-up visits to see improvements

Simple changes improve safety, productivity

• Simple seating arrangement >>> Reduced low-back stress

• Materials located within easy reach >>> Higher productivity and income (quality products)

Extending WISH training: Training Cambodian trainers to use

good example photo sheets

Government as a facilitator

Reaching home workplaces -Support varied people’s networks in informal economy workplaces-

NGOs

Home workers

Workers

Government inspectors

Home workers

Home workers

Home workers

Employers

Follow-up visitsAchievement workshops

WISCON Programme: Approach to small construction sites

1. Direct visit to construction sites

2. Listening to workers’ voices

3. Developing illustrations showing good examples

Checklist exercise

11. Evenly distribute materials over scaffolds to avoid overloading.

Do you propose action? No Yes PriorityRemarks:………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

12. Secure ladders at or near the top even if only used for a short time.

Do you propose action? No Yes PriorityRemarks:………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

13. Use safe lines for the roof work and the work at height.

Do you propose action? No Yes PriorityRemarks:………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

14. Secure the scaffold to the building in enough places to prevent scaffold collapse.

Do you propose action? No Yes PriorityRemarks:………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

15. Mount all the uprights of the scaffold on proper base plates.

Do you propose action? No Yes PriorityRemarks:………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

III. WORK AT HEIGHTIII. WORK AT HEIGHT

WISCON action checklist

Workplace action to H1N1 prevention

Promoting tripartite cooperation through

participatory approaches

The ILO developed tools which can support employers’ and workers’ actions to reduce their infection risks and protect their businesses under possible pandemic situations.

Available in several languages (i.e. Japanese, French, Spanish, Thai, Khmer, Vietnamese, Laotian, Bahasa Malaysia, Bahasa Indonesia): http://www.ilo.org/asia/whatwedo/projects/lang--en/WCMS_099390/index.htm

Develop participatory training manual

Page 6

Example of Workplace Action ChecklistV. Minimize human-to-human contact at workplace.

17. Keep 1.50 meters or more between work stations.

Do you propose action ?o No o Yes o Priority Remarks:…….……………………………………………..…………………………..

18. Promote one-way use of staircases and paths.Do you propose action ?o No o Yes o Priority Remarks:…………….…………………………………………..……………………..

19. Assign staff to work at home if the work can be done at home.

Do you propose action ? No Yes Priority Remarks:……………………….……………………………………………..………..

20. Organize telephone or internet meetings instead of face-to-face meetings.

Do you propose action ? No Yes Priority Remarks:………………….…………………………………………..………………..

Establish a company practice that everyone washes their hands carefully.

Cover all key aspects to keep your business running and protect your workers.

Extending OSH protection to child workers in Cambodia

Back pains

Cutting injuries

Skin problems

Participatory training directly to workers and employers

Checklist exercise in a salt field

Photo sheets showing local good examples

WARM Programme: Approach to waste collectors in Fiji

1. Joint improvements in working conditions of waste collectors and 3R (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle waste)

2. Cooperation with the community and local government units

Fact-finding survey to collect good practices

Garbage collection - starting time: 7 am - finishing time: 3:30 pmWorking hours: 8 :30Number of trips: 3Lunch break: no

Cooperation by two workers to carry heavy waste containers

Learning from local good examples

Wheeled containers with good handholdsLearning from existing local good examples

Developing clear-cut illustrations showing good practicesDeveloping clear-cut illustrations showing good practices

1- Store waste properly.Do you propose action ? No Yes PriorityRemarks:…………….………………….2. Place waste at waist level ofcollectors.Do you propose action ? No Yes PriorityRemarks:…………….………………….3. Use safe waste containers withappropriate size.Do you propose action ? No Yes PriorityRemarks:…………….………………….4. Attach grips or holders to all wastecontainers.Do you propose action ? No Yes PriorityRemarks:…………….………………….

WARM Action-checklist for waste collectors

WARM Checklist Exercise

Group work: Waste collectors and representatives of the community

Conclusion; Participatory training programmes help local people:

1. Take a fresh look at multiple workplace needs;

2. Implement low-cost, practical improvement measures;

3. Gather local wisdom and initiative;

4. Strengthen their networks for practical action.

Thank you…

Occupational Safety and Health, ILO DecentOccupational Safety and Health, ILO Decent Work TeamWork Team