tsunami warning agreements with the ctbto presented at the eighth meeting of the working group on...
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Tsunami warning agreements with the CTBTO
Presented at the
Eighth meeting of the Working Group on Tsunamis and Other Hazards Related to Sea-Level Warning and Mitigation Systems IOC/TOWS-WG-VIII
12 - 13 March 2015, Morioka, Japan
Martin Kalinowski
Capacity Building and Training Section
International Data Centre Division
Provisional Technical Secretariat of the Preparatory Commission for the
Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO)
Vienna International Centre, P.O. Box 1200, A-1400 Vienna, Austria
I. Introduction to the CTBTO and the International Monitoring System (IMS)
II. Tsunami warning with IMS data
Overview
I. Introduction to the CTBTO and the International Monitoring System (IMS)
Elements of the CTBT Verification Regime
InternationalMonitoring
System321 stations:
seismic,hydro-acoustic,
infrasound,radionuclide
IDC&GCI
Consultation and
Clarification
Right to clarify matters indicating
possible non-compliance
On-SiteInspection
Conduct ofon-site
verification activities
Confidence BuildingMeasures
Large chemical Explosions:
Prevent misinterpretations
and calibrate seismic IMS component
IFE = Integrated Field Experiment3 November -9 December 2014
The complete International Monitoring System: 337
Seismic Primary ArraySeismic Primary 3-comp Station
Seismic Auxiliary ArraySeismic Auxiliary 3-comp Station
Hydroacoustic (hydrophone) StationHydroacoustic (T-phase) Station
Infrasound StationRadionuclide StationRadionuclide Lab
Seismic Primary ArraySeismic Primary 3-comp Station
Seismic Auxiliary ArraySeismic Auxiliary 3-comp Station
Hydroacoustic (hydrophone) StationHydroacoustic (T-phase) Station
Infrasound StationRadionuclide StationRadionuclide Lab
Seismic Primary ArraySeismic Primary 3-comp Station
Seismic Auxiliary ArraySeismic Auxiliary 3-comp Station
Hydroacoustic (hydrophone) StationHydroacoustic (T-phase) Station
Infrasound StationRadionuclide StationRadionuclide Lab
Demonstrated effectiveness of the International Monitoring System
• Xenon-131m and xenon-133• Detected at Takasaki, Japan, and
Ussuriysk, Russia• Estimated date of fission coincides
with 12 February 2013• DPRK site identified as possible
source using ATM
Error Ellipses for 2006, 2009 and 2013 DPRK Announced Nuclear Tests
Civil and Scientific Applications
International Monitoring System data can be applied forTsunami warning
SumatraDecember
2004
Aviation hazards
EyjafjallajokulMarch 2010
UralsFebruary 2013
MeteoritesFukushima
March 2011
Radiation releases
Earthquake monitoring
Emergency Preparedness and Response After Fukushima Accident
This picture show time development of detections for each day after the accident. Level 5Level 5 = multiple fission products detected, Level 4Level 4 = one fission products detected, Level 3Level 3 = fission products typical for the station detected. Level 1 and 2 Level 1 and 2 = only natural radioactivity detected
CTBTO member of the Inter-Agency Committee on Radiological and Nuclear Emergencies
(IACRNE) since 14.3.2012
CTBTO operates a unique global network of highly-sensitive detectors of atmospheric radioactivity.
II. Tsunami warning with IMS data
Tsunami Arrangement/Agreement: Present Status map
Data forwarding configured for 14 Tsunami Warning Centres in 13 States
•Australia•France•Greece•Indonesia•Japan•Malaysia•Myanmar•Philippines•Republic of Korea •Russian Federation•Thailand•Turkey•USA Currently 98 stations are used for TW.
IDC/CBT
Data Forwarded to each Tsunami Warning Center
The Numbers above each bar indicate the number of Centres actively receiving data (>0 MB) in that year.
NOTE: the USA has TWO centres (Hawaii and Alaska) however the total count for USA is only shown once.
Conclusions: The number of tsunami warning agreements is increasing as well as the volume of IMS data used for this purpose.
Steps in a Tsunami Alert
Page 12
Data Delay: Transmission
CTBTO/IMS: 30 seconds at most
Page 13Conclusions: The IMS data are rapidly available.
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300delay (sec)
perc
enta
ge
LISS,IRIS
CTBTO/IMS
CTBTO/IMS(under upgrading)
Data Delay: Receipt
CTBTO/IMS: 30 seconds at most LISS: 100 seconds on average IRIS: 180 seconds on average
Source: N. NISHIDENWPTAC Japan
Page 14
Summary
• The number of tsunami warning agreements is increasing: 14 tsunami warning centres.
• The volume of IMS data used for this purpose increases: >2 TB/y from 98 stations.
• More tsunami warning centres are encouraged to seek an agreement with the CTBTO.
THANK YOUThe figures used in this presentation are approximate and based on official government sources, as well as on information provided by research institutions such as the Natural Resources Defence Council in Washington D.C., and the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI).