ts the topic sentence 3

7/27/2019 TS the Topic Sentence 3

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http://www.monash.edu.au/lls/llonline/writing/science/paragraphs/1.2.xml

Check your version against this sample answer. Notice that the first sentence is the topic

sentence.

Garlic (Allium sativum L.) has been used for centuries for medicinal purposes. Its use

for healing purposes can be traced back as far as 1550BC when documentations of its

therapeutic use first appear in Egypt (Hassan, 2003; Rivlin, 2001). In modern times belief in

the beneficial effects of garlic on health has led to it being used for a number of conditions.

Garlic has been shown to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease (Aboul-Enein and Aboul-

Enein, 2005), and possess anti-microbial (Sivam, 2001) and antioxidant properties (Imai et

al., 1994). This essay will explore research into garlic's potential roles in reducing cancer risk

and in treating cancer.

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is one of the most common genetic disorders. CF is inherited as an

autosomal recessive trait and a defective gene causes the body to produce an abnormalamount of very thick, sticky mucus which clogs the lungs and pancreas, interfering with

breathing and digestion. This mucus builds up in the breathing passages in the lungs and

the pancreas and respiratory complications develop from the blockage of the bronchial

passages. Eventually, the cilia which are responsible for clearing the mucus are destroyed.

In addition, the mucus traps bacteria which cause infections and permanent damage to the

lungs, and may also block the ducts of the pancreas which contains enzymes necessary for

the digestion of food.

http://www.victoria.ac.nz/llc/academic-writing/tsent3.html

Student success at university is the result of a number of inter-related factors.

The most important factor is a student's past experience of study. If a student

has already developed good study habits, study at university should not be

difficult. Good study habits need to be complemented by interest and motivation,

factors which are important when competition gets tough. We should however

not underestimate the distracting effects of financial and personal difficulties. All

students have to grapple with these at some stage of their university life. Beyond

the personal factors it has to be said that there is also a certain element of luck

involved in success: this includes finding excellent teachers and the subject

matter that inspires one to give one's best.

Whether genetic engineering indeed has the benefits promised for us all without the dangers

remains open, but it is certainly here to stay.

Animal breeding for particular features may soon become obsolete with the new-

found ability of scientists to work at the level of genes. On the one hand there

are those who embrace the new bio-technology: genetic engineering. They argue

that many genetic changes will be hugely beneficial and harmless. As long as

safeguards are in place, they claim, humans would be foolish not to take

advantage of the many benefits genetic engineering has to offer. Others haveseen the speed with which gene manipulation can get out of hand, mixing
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species so that vegetable and animal are no longer distinguishable. They want to

wind the clock back. But can they?

1. There are many reasons why students panic during final exams.

The possible reasons are: not being prepared

information overload

Two further key points suggested for a paragraph with the given topicsentence: wrong expectations about exam format bad time management

A paragraph based on the given topic sentence may look like this:

There are many reasons why students panic during final exams. The reason

students frequently give is that they are not sufficiently prepared. Also often

heard is the complaint that there was too much to learn and to retain. Somestudents report feeling panic when they find an exam format they did not

expect. But the most widespread problem today is bad time management, a

result of too many conflicting demands especially the competing demands of

study and work.

2. New Zealand trade efforts have recently started to focus on South America as a new

destination for our export products.

Benefits of increased trade with South America are: growing, stable major economies provide increasing trading opportunities

diverse trading opportunities throughout a huge region

Two further key points suggested for a paragraph with the given topicsentence: New Zealand no longer so dependent on Australia and Asia increased interest in Spanish language and culture

A paragraph based on the given topic sentence may look like this:

New Zealand trade efforts have recently started to focus on South America as a

new destination for our export products. There are several economic and even

cultural beneifts to be gained from increased trade with South America. First, it

means that New Zealand is no longer so dependent on Australia and Asia.

Secondly, New Zealand gains the benefit of the many diverse trading

opportunities that this huge region has to offer. Thirdly, since the major South

American economies are stable and growing, trading opportunities are likely to

increase. Lastly, more New Zealanders will become interested in this region and

want to learn Spanish and enjoy cultural exchanges. Thus closer ties with South

America will benefit New Zealand economically and culturally in the same way as

has already happened with Asia.


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In my country, one of the most urgent problems facing the government today

relates to agriculture. The first fact to consider is that over 60 percent of the

population live in rural communities. In these rural areas 70 percent of the

available agricultural land suffers from dryness and lack of irrigation. And

without irrigation, agricultural production is wholly dependent on the uncertain

rainfall. To understand the nature of this problem one has to look at some of the

facts. As a result, the crops are usually marginal with hardly enough production

to feed the farmer's family.

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