tri-generation fuel cell technologies for location-specific … · 2015-06-16 · kersey manliclic....

Kersey ManliclicBrendan Shaffer

Professor Scott Samuelsen, Principal InvestigatorAdvanced Power and Energy Program

University of California, IrvineJune 9, 2015

Tri-Generation Fuel Cell Technologies for Location-Specific Applications

This presentation does not contain any proprietary, confidential, or otherwise restricted information

Project ID: SA047

2015 U.S. DOE Hydrogen and Fuel Cells

Program and Vehicle Technologies

Office Annual Merit Review and Peer

Evaluation Meeting

2/20Advanced Power and Energy Program 2015

OverviewTimeline• State date – January 2014

• End date – April 2015

• Percent complete – 98%

Budget• Total funding spent as of 3/30/15:

$139,840

• Total DOE Project Value: $149,967

Barriers & Targets

Partners/Collaborators• National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)

• Toyotao Market Data / Perspective

• Future market behavior

• Siloed analytical capability

• Unplanned studies and analysis

• Target: Work with industry and other stakeholders to assess and identify infrastructure scenarios and options for both long term transportation needs and early market opportunities for hydrogen and fuel cells


Relevance – Objectives • Limited hydrogen refueling infrastructure remains major barrier to FCEV commercialization

• To achieve significant carbon reductions, hydrogen must be produced renewably

• High temperature tri-generation fuel cell systems highly effective use of biogas resources

Objectives

• Assess potential number and location of tri-generation fuel cells, producing electricity, heat, and hydrogen, in an early fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) market scenario (circa 2015) in NY, NJ, CT, MA• Consider use of natural gas and anaerobic digester gas as feedstock• Also consider viability of the Tri-Gen units serving as a local hub for hydrogen production

Targets Addressed

• Strategic siting of Tri-Gen for effective use of biogas to serve early FCEV markets


Milestones

o February 2014o Kickoff meeting with National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)

o Draft Final Reporto Jan 2015

o Final Report o Apr 2015


Approach

• Project Overview

Analysis Inputs

Alt Vehicles Sales DataPopulation DataLand Use DataDemographic DataSpatial Infrastructure DataData CleanupSelection Criteria

Studies & Analysis

Identify:• key early FCEV markets • potential Tri-Gen sites

(NG, Biogas)• potential Tri-Gen hubsEstimate:• H2, electricity, and heat

production• Cost: H2

Models & Tools

STREET – Spatially and Temporally Resolved Energy and Environment ToolFC PowerH2A

Outputs & Deliverables

Final Report

Assesses and identifies infrastructure scenarios and options for early market opportunities for hydrogen and fuel cells

Feedback from NREL


• How to site with multiple products (i.e., markets)?

Approach

• Electricity

• Heat

• Hydrogen

High Temperature Fuel CellTri-Generation System

Electric

Industrial – Heating / Cooling

Transportation – Light Duty

Residential/Commercial –Heating / Cooling

Industrial

Transportation – NonLight Duty

Used hydrogen demand to site and size Tri-Gen systems

GHG Emission Inventory by Sector in US

US Energy Information Administration


Approach

ADG

NG

At WWRF

Central Hub

At HRS

FEEDSTOCKTri-Gen System

Location Sizing Methodology

Central Hub –On NG Pipeline

H2 Demand(6,10,15 min)

H2 Demand(6,10,15 min)H2 Demand

(1,5,10 Hubs)

Biogas available

Delivery

GH2 Truck

LH2 Truck

Pipeline

GH2 Truck

LH2 Truck

Pipeline

Requires determination of hydrogen refueling station

network

Set Covering Analysis for Early Market Clusters

Economics

FC PowerH2A


Results: Top 25 WWRFs & H2 Production Potential

• Several WWRFs with large potential (>8 MW)

Deer Island WWTP

Passaic Valley

Deer Island

Passaic Valley


Results: ADG, at WWRF

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

Hydr

ogen

[kg/

day]

Potential Supply

Potential Demand - 6min

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

Hydr

ogen

[kg/

day]

Potential Supply


• WWRFs not always near FCEV markets

• Some unserved demand

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

6min 10min 15min

MW

Inst

alle

d

37,000 FCEVs10,000 FCEVs


Results: ADG, at WWRF

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

Hydr

ogen

[kg/

day]

Potential Supply


0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

9000

Hydr

ogen

[kg/

day]

Potential Supply


• WWRFs not always near FCEV markets

• Some unserved demand• Cost is highly dependent on FCEV

demand0

5

10

15

20

25

6min 10min 15min

$/kg

37,000 FCEVs

10,000 FCEVs


Results: Hydrogen Refueling Station Network• FCEV Cluster Identification

– Top 50% of zip codes in alt. vehicle sales (also used 25%, 75% but not presented here)

Top 50% zip codes shown in RED


Results: Hydrogen Refueling Station Network• Hydrogen Refueling Station (HRS) Network

– Set covering analysis (6 minute service coverage) 313 stations

Top 50% zip codes shown in RED

Legend• HRS


Results: ADG, Central Hub

• Low FCEV sales leads to high cost• More hubs lower delivery costs

and lower overall cost

02468

10

0 20,000 40,000 60,000

$/kg

FCEVs in NE

GasLiq

0123456789

10

10,000 25,000 50,000

$/kg

FCEVs

DeliveryProduction/CSD

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

10,000 25,000 50,000

$/kg

FCEVs

DeliveryProduction/CSD

5 hubs

10 hubs

Gaseous truck lower cost than liquid


Results: NG, at HRS

0

20

40

60

80

100

10000 25000 50000

$/kg

/ M

W

FCEVs Sold

$/kgMW install• Low FCEV sales leads to high

cost• Smaller Tri-Gen systems more

costly


Results: NG, Central Hub

• Ranking candidate sites along Natural Gas Pipeline based on alt vehicles covered


Results: NG, Central Hub

02468

101214161820

10,000 25,000 50,000

$/kg

FCEVs in NE

Delivery

Production/CSD

02468

101214161820

10,000 25,000 50,000

$/kg

FCEVs in NE

Delivery

Production/CSD

02468

101214161820

10,000 25,000 50,000

$/kg

FCEVs in NE

Delivery

Production/CSD

1 hubs 5 hubs

10 hubs

• Low FCEV sales leads to high cost• More hubs lower delivery costs

and lower overall cost


Results: NG, Central Hub• Traveling Salesman algorithm to determine chained trips

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

10,000 25,000 50,000

$/kg

FCEVs in NE

GasLiq

5 hubs

• Results in longer trips liquid trucks less costly


Results: Scenario Comparison • 6 min coverage for station demand estimation• Central Hub cases: 5 hubs

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

ADGCentral

Hub

NGCentral

Hub

NGCentral

HubTraveling

NG Onsite ADG atWWRF

$/kg

010000200003000040000500006000070000

ADGCentral

Hub

NGCentral

Hub

NGCentral

HubTraveling

NGOnsite

ADG atWWRF

Tota

l H2

Dem

and

[kg/

day]

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

ADG CentralHub

NG CentralHub

NG CentralHub

Traveling

NG Onsite ADG atWWRF

Capi

tal C

ost [

$MM

]• Central hub lower cost• NG Central hub lowest cost


Collaborations

Primary Collaborator• National Renewable Energy Laboratory

Secondary Collaborator• Toyota (market data and perspective)• Massachusetts Clean Energy Center• New York State: Dept. of Conservation

Leveraging past and current collaborators• DOE Biogas Tri-Gen Demonstration

• National Fuel Cell Research Center• Orange County Sanitation District• FuelCell Energy• Air Products


Summary • ADG, at WWRF

• WWRF not always near FCEV markets• Some WWRF do not have enough biogas to serve demand

• ADG, Central Hub• More hubs lower cost• High sales scenarios cost < $7/kg

• NG, Central Hub• More hubs lower cost • Chained trips decrease delivery cost• High sales scenario cost < $5/kg

• NG, at HRS• Some Tri-Gen systems in lower demand areas very small

expensive with cost > $20/kg

Lowest cost scenario NG, Central Hub


Acronyms

• Dept. of Energy (DOE)• Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV)• Wastewater Recovery Facility (WWRF)• Anaerobic Digester Gas (ADG)• Natural Gas (NG)• Northeast (NE)• National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)• Spatially and Temporally Resolved Energy and Environment

Tool (STREET)• United States Geological Survey (USGS)• Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP)

tri-generation fuel cell technologies for location-specific … · 2015-06-16 · kersey manliclic....

Documents