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1SLOA167–May 2012Submit Documentation Feedback

Copyright © 2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated

TRF7960A RFID Multiplexer Example System

Application ReportSLOA167–May 2012


Josh Wyatt...................................................................................... Embedded RF Applications/Systems

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this application report is to describe in concise detail the 16-channel high-frequency (HF)(13.56 MHz) RFID Reader System (based on the TRF7960A RFID IC) designed by Texas Instruments forcustomer use. The system hardware is comprised of one (1) RFID controller board and four (4) antennaboards, along with their associated cables (power, RF, GPIO, and host communication). The systemfirmware resides on Texas Instruments MSP430F2370 and supports the ISO/IEC15693 protocol inaddition to communication with a host. The host software resides on the controller, and the host commanddetails are also described in this document for reference during development and integration.

Contents1 System Theory of Operation and Concepts .............................................................................. 22 System Hardware............................................................................................................ 33 System Firmware ............................................................................................................ 44 System Host Commands ................................................................................................... 75 Performance Measurements and Testing............................................................................... 116 References .................................................................................................................. 12Appendix A Schematics ......................................................................................................... 13Appendix B Layout Images ..................................................................................................... 17Appendix C Cable Details....................................................................................................... 18

List of Figures

1 TRF7960A Multiplexer RFID System Block Diagram ................................................................... 22 PE42440 Functional Diagram and Truth Table .......................................................................... 43 PE4257 Functional Diagram and Truth Table ........................................................................... 54 PE42440 and PE4257 Antenna Circuit Arrangement Detail Diagram ................................................ 55 RFID Controller Host Protocol General Format.......................................................................... 76 Example Application Flow Chart ........................................................................................ 107 TRF7960A Out (Approximately +23 dBm) ............................................................................. 118 TRF7960A to PE42440 Out (Approximately 0.5-dBm Loss) ......................................................... 119 TRF7960A to PE42440 to PE4257 out (Approximately 0.8-dBm Loss) ............................................ 1210 RFID Controller Board (1 of 2) ........................................................................................... 1411 RFID Controller Board (2 of 2) ........................................................................................... 1512 Antenna Board.............................................................................................................. 1613 RFID Controller Board Layout ............................................................................................ 1714 RFID Antenna Board Layout.............................................................................................. 1715 Signal Cascade Concept .................................................................................................. 1816 Cabling for Signal Cascade Concept .................................................................................... 1917 GPIO Cable Diagram ...................................................................................................... 20

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Host (PC)

TRF7960A

Multiplexer

RFID Controller

BoardRS-232

+9 VDC to +12 VDC

RFID Antenna Board 1

cA1 A2 cA3 A4


cA5 A6 cA7 A8


cA9 A10 cA11 A12


cA13 A14 cA15 A16

RF

RF

RF

RF

GPIO and +3.3 VDC

GPIO and +3.3 VDC

GPIO and +3.3 VDC

GPIO and +3.3 VDC

System Theory of Operation and Concepts www.ti.com

2 SLOA167–May 2012Submit Documentation Feedback



1 System Theory of Operation and ConceptsThe purpose of the system is to read individual RFID transponders (or tags) in up to sixteen differentlocations. This system goal is accomplished by using one RFID reader controller board and four identicalantenna boards (with four antennas on each board), each of which is cascaded. See Figure 1 for the mainsystem block diagram.

Figure 1. TRF7960A Multiplexer RFID System Block Diagram

The system design shown above in Figure 1 was done to the project requirements for one antenna boarddesign (with four addressable antennas onboard) and a simplified wired connectivity scheme which allowsfor four of these identical antenna boards to be connected to each other and the RFID controller boardwith the absolute least amount of cabling physically possible.

The system works by first initializing the RFID IC (TRF7960A) upon power up. Antenna 1 (on AntennaBoard 1) is selected by default. The host would then issue a series of commands to:1. Turn on the RFID IC transmitter2. Issue a single slot ISO/IEC15693 Inventory Command3. Receive a response from the transponder in the field (if one was present)4. Turn off the transmitter5. Switch to the next antenna and then repeat steps 1-5 until all sixteen antennas in the system are

addressed and the transponders in their respective fields are read.

These steps are described in much greater detail later in the document and a flow chart is also provided inthis document to clearly show the example application process.

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www.ti.com System Hardware




2 System Hardware

2.1 RFID Controller BoardThe RFID controller board main components consist of one TRF7960A RFID IC, one MSP430F2370microcontroller, one SN65176B RS-485 transceiver, two MAX3232E RS-232 drivers/receivers, and oneREG117-5 (+5 VDC, 800 mA) linear regulator. The MSP430 holds the firmware that is required tocommunicate with the host via its UART channel and to initialize and communicate with the TRF7960A viaits SPI channel. The MSP430 firmware also takes properly formatted commands from the host andcontrols the RF switches located on the antenna boards via its GPIO ports, then reports the results backto the host via the UART channel. The linear regulator takes the +9 VDC to +12 VDC from the powersupply and down converts this voltage to +5 VDC for the TRF7960A to operate at full power. TheTRF7960A provides +3.3 VDC (via VDD_X) and a 6.78-MHz system clock (via SYS_CLK) to the MSP430for high-speed operation. The TRF7960A also provides +3.3 VDC to the RF switches via VDD_X. One ofthe RS-232 drivers/receivers is for direct host (that is, PC) RS-232 communications with the MSP430(UART side). The second RS-232 driver/receiver is connected to the first RS-232 driver transceiver (DB9side) and the RS-485 transceiver to create a simple RS-485 to RS-232 converter that simplifies theconnection to the MSP430F2370. Minor components consist of one 18-position Micro Mate-N-Lokconnector, one RJ-45 connector, one SMA connector, one DB9 connector (optionally populated for TItesting), a power connector, along with the required passive and active components necessary for properpower supply filtering, impedance matching, and charge pump voltage generation of the circuits on theboard. A full schematic and layout of the RFID controller board is shown in Appendix A. Data sheets forthe components that are used on this board can be found in References.

2.2 RFID Antenna BoardThe RFID antenna board main components consist of four PCB trace loop antennas (tuned for13.56 MHz, Q < 20), one Peregrine Semiconductor PE42440 SP4T RF switch, and one PeregrineSemiconductor PE4257 SPDT RF switch. The minor components on the board are two 18-position MicroMate-N-Lok (for GPIO and +3.3 VDC in and GPIO and +3.3 VDC feedthrough to next antenna board), andtwo SMA connectors (for RF in and RF out to next antenna board). There are four of these boards (total)in the system. A full schematic and layout of the RFID antenna board is shown in Appendix A. Data sheetsfor the components that are used on this board can be found in References.

2.3 System Cables and Connections

2.3.1 Host CommunicationHost communication is achieved via either RS-232 or RS-485. The RS232 cable should be pinned outaccording to industry standard for DCE to DTE (RS-232 DB9 pins 2, 3 and 5). The RS-485 cable is acustom nonstandard implementation using CAT5 cable (uses TX/RX_1, TX/RX_2 and RTS).

2.3.2 Power CableCustom power cable is required for delivering +12 VDC to RFID controller board.

2.3.3 RF CablesIndustry standard 50-Ω coaxial cables with SMA plugs on both ends are required for this system. RG-316is recommended cable type.

2.3.4 GPIO and +3.3 VDC CablesGPIO cables to be used in this system are terminated into 18-position Micro Mate-N-Lok connectors. Thewires in these cables are terminated with receptacle contacts for mating to Micro Mate-N-Lok boardheader.

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System Hardware www.ti.com




2.4 ISO/IEC15693 TransponderThe requirement for this system was for ISO15693 compliant transponder with 2048 or 256 bits of usermemory. The Texas Instruments transponder and inlay offerings fit exactly this requirement and are whatis used in this application. Data sheets for these components can be found in References.

3 System FirmwareMSP430F2370 firmware used for this project is based on TRF7960A EVM firmware (see References).This firmware project that is provided with this application report (now named _MUX_TRF7960A) hasbeen modified for use in this application to support extended GPIO port control of up to 16 antennas andexclude (but not remove support for) the other ISO protocols. The firmware has also been modified toreturn the unique identifier (UID) of the transponder as one would read it (versus the way it is returnedover the air). For example, the transponder UID is returned over the air LSByte first, so then the firmwarefile uart.c was modified to manipulate the returned UID so that any host controller software is relieved ofthis task. (that is, the UID is now returned to the host as E00781BCC1912470 rather than702491C1BC8107E0).

3.1 MSP430F2370 SetupThe MSP430F2370 firmware initializes the TRF7960A RFID Reader IC and configures it forISO/IEC15693 operation using the default settings for the IC (full power out (+23 dBm), high transponderdata rate (26.4 kbps), and 1 of 4 data coding).

3.2 ISO/IEC15693 SupportThe MSP430F2370 firmware supports all ISO15693 commands currently known to be relevant to thisproject and allows for all mandatory and optional commands listed in the standard that do not apply to thisproject currently, but could be used later.

3.3 GPIO ControlThe firmware provides support for the hardware to control up to 16 antennas via the GPIO available onthe MSP430F2370 directly driving the control lines on the PE42440 and PE4257 RF switch ICs used onthe antenna boards. One PE42440 switch and one PE4257 switch are mounted on each antenna board toaccommodate the four PCB trace antennas and provide for output to next antenna board. The PE42440and PE4257 switch functional diagrams and truth tables are shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, respectively,for reference. Table 1 is the combined (PE42440 + PE4257, as connected on each antenna board) truthtable. Figure 4 shows the block diagram of this circuit arrangement. The details about the switches andthe circuit arrangement are important to understand before looking at entire system arrangement.

Figure 2. PE42440 Functional Diagram and Truth Table

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PE42440

PE4257RFC

ANT 1

ANT 2

ANT 4

ANT 3

RFC

RF OUT (to next antenna board)

RF1

RF2

RF4

RF3

RF2

RF1

RF IN

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Figure 3. PE4257 Functional Diagram and Truth Table

Table 1. TRF7960A Multiplexer Antenna Truth Table (One Board)

RF Switches Used Channels Used PCB Antenna and SwitchPort Selected

Notes

PE42440 RFC → RF1 1 Default on power upPE42440 RFC → RF2 2PE42440 RFC → RF4 3PE42440 RFC → RF3 To PE4257 RFC For antenna 4 or RF OUT

PE42440 + PE4257 RFC → RF2 (PE4257) 4PE42440 + PE4257 RFC → RF1 (PE4257) RF OUT To next antenna board

Figure 4. PE42440 and PE4257 Antenna Circuit Arrangement Detail Diagram

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System Firmware www.ti.com




The full switch logic matrix is shown in Table 2 and can be viewed in the firmware by opening themsp430f23x0.h file where they are defined and the host.c file where they are called (using 0xC0:0xCF and0xD0:0xDF host commands).

Table 2. MSP430 GPIO Switch Logic Matrix (Full System)ANTENNA

BOARD1 2 3 4

GPIO USED P4.6 P4.5 P4.3 P4.4 P4.2 P4.1 P3.7 P4.0 P1.7 P1.6 P1.4 P1.5 P1.3 P1.2 P1.1

ANTENNA V2 V1 CTRL1

CTRL2

V2 V1 CTRL1

CTRL2

V2 V1 CTRL1

CTRL2

V2 V1 CTRL1

1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

3 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

4 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

5 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

6 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

7 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

8 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

9 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

10 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0

11 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0

12 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0

13 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0

14 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0

15 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0

16 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1

In Table 2, the green shaded blocks follow the 13.56-MHz signal path through the system and show theantenna selected as well as the GPIO used in the process. Table 3 shows the Host Command Codes thatare used to turn the antennas on or off. The complete Host Command format is described in Section 4.

Table 3. Host Command Codes for Antenna Selection

Antenna Number Command Codes (on / off)1 N/A (DEFAULT ANT)2 0xC0 / 0xC13 0xC2 / 0xC34 0xC4 / 0xC55 0xC6 / 0xC76 0xC8 / 0xC97 0xCA / 0xCB8 0xCC / 0xCD9 0xCE / 0xCF10 0xD0 / 0xD111 0xD2 / 0xD312 0xD4 / 0xD513 0xD6 / 0xD714 0xD8 / 0xD915 0xDA / 0xDB16 0xDC / 0xDD

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SOF EOFLENGTH 03 04 CMD PARAMETERS

Start of Frame (0x01)

End of Frame (0x0000)

Length of Protocol String (2 bytes, LSByte first)

Reader Type (0x03)

Entity ID (0x04)

Command (1 byte)

Parameters (according to command)

www.ti.com System Host Commands




4 System Host CommandsThe System Host Commands provide the method by which the host controller communicates with theRFID controller board. The host controller in the system (that is, the PC) sends specifically formattedcommands as defined in the following section to accomplish a task. The MSP430F2370 firmware on theRFID controller board echoes back the command sent along with any data that is relevant to thatcommand (for example, the Unique ID with RSSI value or transponder block data).

4.1 Host Commands Structure DefinitionThe Host Commands have a general protocol structure that is shown in Figure 5.

Figure 5. RFID Controller Host Protocol General Format

For simplification purposes and for brevity of this system document, the Host Commands are fixedexamples and should be used as explained in the following subsections. For further reading on the otherHost Commands possible with the ISO/IEC15693 protocol supported by this firmware, see the TRF7960Evaluation Module ISO 15693 Host Commands (SLOA141).

4.2 Initiate Communication With RFID Controller BoardTo initiate communication with the RFID controller board firmware from the host terminal, the followingcommand should be sent:

0108000304FF0000

Where FF is the command, with no parameters being sent.

The controller board echoes this command string, followed by text string in ASCII of:TRF7960A_MUX_RFID****COM Port found! ****

4.3 Set ProtocolThe set protocol command is issued to configure the TRF7960A reader IC for operation with theISO/IEC15693 standard based transponders. In the ISO/IEC15693 standard, there are multiple settings forthis allowed. For best performance, the command string example used here in this document will be forTRF7960A operating with +5VDC, full power out (+23dBm), 100% modulation depth on the downlink withISO15693 high transponder data rate (26.48kbps) with single subcarrier transponder response and 1 of 4data coding used/expected back on the uplink. This is a register write request to the TRF7960A ChipStatus Control and the ISO Control Registers. (Registers 0x00 and 0x01) The command string exampleused here to be sent from a Host Terminal would be:

010C00030410002101020000

Where 10 is the command, and 00210102 are the parameters.

This string echoes from the RFID Controller Board, followed by the ASCII string:Register Write Request

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http://www.ti.com/lit/pdf/SLOA141

System Host Commands www.ti.com




4.4 Inventory CommandThe Inventory Command is used by the TRF7960A to retrieve the unique ID (UID) from the transponder.The command string example used here (Single Slot Inventory) to be sent from a Host Terminal would be:

010B000304142601000000


This string echoes from the RFID Controller Board, followed by the ASCII string:ISO 15693 Inventory request

And then the UID is sent back to the host along with a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) value,which indicates relatively how close the transponder is to the energizing antenna:

[UID,RSSI]For example, [E00781BCC1912470,77]

Where E00781BCC1912470 is the UID (for this transponder in the field), and 77 is the RSSI value (as thetransponder is very close to the antenna. The RSSI values can range from 0x40 to 0x7F.

4.5 Turn Off RF TransmitterTurning off the transmitter before switching channels is a recommended practice in any RF application asit reduces the amount of stress on the switch or relay in a given system, providing for a potentially longerservice life. This is a register write request to the TRF7960A Chip Status Control Register (Register 0x00)and more specifically a toggle of bit 5 in that register. The command string example used here to be sentfrom a Host Terminal would be:

010A0003041000010000



4.6 Switch AntennaSwitching antennas is the main feature highlight of this system. The MSP430 firmware has been modified(as explained in previously in this document) to allow the host to choose any of the sixteen antennas inthe system by using the host commands shown in Table 3 and outlined in Table 2. The command stringexample used here to be sent from a Host Terminal would be:

0108000304C00000

Where C0 is the command, with no parameters being sent.

This string echoes from the RFID Controller Board, followed by the ASCII string:Switch 2 On

The other Switch Antenna commands are shown in Table 3 and have similar messaging in ASCIIcorresponding to the operation performed. For example, sending 0108000304C10000 results in that stringbeing echoed back, followed by the ASCII string: Switch 2 Off.

4.7 Turn On RF TransmitterThe transmitter of the TRF7960A RFID IC must be turned on prior to issuing any commands totransponders in the field. Otherwise, they will not be energized and will not respond. This is a registerwrite request to the TRF7960A Chip Status Control Register (0x00) and more specifically a toggle of bit 5in that register. The command string example used here to be sent from a Host Terminal would be:

010A0003041000210000



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www.ti.com System Host Commands




4.8 Read Transponder Data BlocksThe Read Single Block Command is used by the TRF7960A to retrieve the transponder memory datapreprogrammed onto the transponder. The command string example used here to be sent from a HostTerminal would be:

010B000304180220000000

Where 18 is the command, and 022000 are the parameters. 02 are the request flags for the command, 20is the Read Single Block command, and 00 is the block # to be read (in this example) (block range withthis transponder is from 0x00 to 0x3F)

This string echoes from the RFID Controller Board and, if the read was successful, it is followed by:[0078563412]

Where 78563412 is the transponder memory block data (in this example), note that the data is returnedMSByte first and the 00 in the return indicates no error. The data in this block could be programmed toany value between 0x00000000 to 0xFFFFFFFF.

4.9 Write Transponder Data BlockThe Write Single Block Command is used by the TRF7960A to write data (program) to the transpondermemory. The command string example used here to be sent from a Host Terminal would be:

010F00030418422100785634120000

Where, 18 is the command, and 42210078563412 are the parameters. 42 are the request flags for thewrite operation, 21 is the Write Single Block command, and 00 is the block to be written (in this example).78563412 is the data block to be written (in this example). User memory (data blocks) range on thetransponder being used is from 0x00 to 0x3F. Data can be any value desired in hexadecimal format (from0x00000000 to 0xFFFFFFFF). Note this block data is sent MSByte first.

This string echoes from the RFID Controller Board, and if write was successful, it will be followed by theASCII string:

Request mode

And then the Error Flags are returned in the following manner:[00], where 0x00 equals no error (write operation was successful)

Other possible responses here are:[0103] = Option not supported (option flag not set, should be set for TI tags (0x42)[010F] = Unknown error[0110] = Block not available (memory block range is 0x00 to 0x3F)[0113] = Programming was not successful (memory block could be locked or too far away)

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START

APPLY POWER TO RFID SYSTEM

INITIATE COMMUNICATION WITH

RFID CONTROLLER BOARD

[SEND 0108000304FF0000]

(SEE SECTION 4.2)

SET PROTOCOL ON TRF7960A

[SEND 010C00030410002101020000]

(SEE SECTION 4.3)

SEND INVENTORY COMMAND

[SEND 010B000304142601000000]

(SEE SECTION 4.4)

(Optionally, Read Single Block or

Write Single Block commands could

be sent in place of or in addition to

the Inventory command at this point.

SEE SECTION 4.8 and SECTION 4.9)

TURN OFF RF TRANSMITTER

[SEND 010A0003041000010000]

(SEE SECTION 4.5)

SWITCH ANTENNA CHANNEL

[SEND 0108000304C00000]

WHERE VALUE FOR C0 IS

ACCORDING TO TABLE 3

(SEE SECTION 4.6)

TURN ON RF TRANSMITTER

[SEND 010A0003041000010000]

(SEE SECTION 4.7)

System Host Commands www.ti.com




4.10 Example Application Flow Chart

Figure 6. Example Application Flow Chart

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www.ti.com Performance Measurements and Testing




5 Performance Measurements and TestingIn antenna multiplexing and switching applications such as this example, close attention should always bepaid to the potential of RF signal loss and crosstalk between channels. The switches that were chosen forthis application have a 50-Ω characteristic impedance, are made for the frequency of operation (in thiscase 13.56 MHz), are rated for more than the maximum output power level possible from the transmitter(in this case +23 dBm (200 mW)), and have good isolation between channels.

In this reference design, the Peregrine Semiconductor devices PE42440 and PE4257 were used and meetthese criteria. These were lab tested with TRF7960A EVM, PE42440, and PE4257 EVMs. Loss measuredwas within expected levels as the PE42440 and PE4257 data sheets indicate that 0.45-dBm and 0.7-dBmloss should be expected from these parts, respectively. RF-HDT-DVBB read range was also checked herewith the different power output levels with same antenna 6.5-cm diameter coils. Read range was minimallyaffected, where observed read range varied approximately 0.25 cm. Figure 7, Figure 8, and Figure 9 showthe spectrum analyzer captures for the bench-top hand-wired prototype.

Figure 7. TRF7960A Out (Approximately +23 dBm)

Figure 8. TRF7960A to PE42440 Out (Approximately 0.5-dBm Loss)

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References www.ti.com




Figure 9. TRF7960A to PE42440 to PE4257 out (Approximately 0.8-dBm Loss)

6 References1. MSP430F2370 data sheet (SLAS518)2. TRF7960A data sheet (SLOS732)3. TRF7960A MSP430F2370 Base Firmware Example (SLOC251)4. TRF7960 Evaluation Module ISO 15693 Host Commands (SLOA141)5. MAX3232E RS-232 Line Driver/Receiver data sheet (SLLS664)6. SN75176B RS-485 Transceiver data sheet (SLLS101)7. REG1117-5 +5VDC 800mA Linear Regulator data sheet (SBVS001)8. PE42440 data sheet (http://www.psemi.com/content/products/switches/PE42440.html)9. PE4257 data sheet (http://www.psemi.com/pdf/datasheets/pe4257ds.pdf)10. RF-HDT-DVBB 2kbit ISO15693 Encapsulated Transponder data sheet (SCBS857)11. ISO/IEC15693-2, -3 Standard (http://www.ieee.org/)

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http://www.ti.com/lit/pdf/SLAS518

http://www.ti.com/lit/pdf/SLOS732

http://www.ti.com/lit/zip/sloc251

http://www.ti.com/lit/pdf/SLOA141

http://www.ti.com/lit/pdf/SLLS664

http://www.ti.com/lit/pdf/SLLS101

http://www.ti.com/lit/pdf/SBVS001

http://www.psemi.com/content/products/switches/PE42440.html

http://www.psemi.com/pdf/datasheets/pe4257ds.pdf

http://www.ti.com/lit/pdf/SCBS857

http://www.ieee.org/




Appendix ASLOA167–May 2012

Schematics


red

56

0R

GN

D

15

00

pF

15

00

pF

12

00

pF

12

00

pF

10

pF

68

0p

F1

00

pF

22

0p

F

68

0p

F

15

0n

H3

30

nH

GN

D

GN

D

27

pF

GN

D

GN

DG

ND

2.2

uF

.01

uF

2.2

uF

.01

uF

GN

DG

ND

2.2

uF

.01

uF GN

D

2.2

uF

.01

uF GN

D

27

pF

GN

D

27

pF

GN

D

TR

F7

96

0

GN

D

GN

D

GND

10kGND

GN

D

GN

D

47k

0.0

1u

F

GN

D

10

0R

2.2

uF

.01

uF GN

D

X2

GN

D

GN

D

0R

1u

H

1u

F

GN

D

GN

D1

uH

1u

H1

uH

GN

D

10

k1

0k

GN

D

SM

A-1

42

-07

01

-87

1/8

76

GN

D

GN

D

GND

1k

1k

GN

D

JTA

G

GN

D

RE

G11

17

MA

X3

23

2E

SE

RF

ID_

RE

AD

YR

6

C3

C4

C5

C6

C7

C8

C11

C9

C1

0

L1

L2

C1

2

C1

3C

16

C1

9C

20

C1

7C

18

C2

1C

22

C2

3

C2

4

123456789

10

1112

13

14

28

27

26

25

24

23

22

21

20

19

18

17

16

15

29

30

31

32

33

34

35

36

37

38

TC

K

TM

S

P4.0

/TB

0

P4.1

/TB

1

P4.2

/TB

2

P4.3

/TB

0

P4.4

/TB

1

P4.5

/TB

2

P4.6

/TB

OU

TH

/AC

LK

P4.7

/TB

CLK

TP

39

40

VDD_X32

OSC_IN31

OSC_OUT30

VSS_D29

EN28

SYS_CLK27

DATA_CLK26

EN225

I/O

_7

24

I/O

_6

23

I/O

_5

22

I/O

_4

21

I/O

_3

20

I/O

_2

19

VD

D_A

1

VIN

2

VD

D_P

A4

TX

_O

UT

5

VS

S_P

A6

VD

D_R

F3

I/O

_1

18

I/0_0

17

BAND_GAP11

VDD_I/O16

VSS_A15

MOD14

IRQ13

ASK/OOK12

VS

S_R

X7

RX

_IN

18

VSS10

RX_IN29

PA

D33

TR

F7

96

0

R1

R3

C1

R4

C2

C2

9

1+

12

VD

CIN

-1

2+

12

VD

CIN

-2R

10

C2

5

C3

0

C3

1

C3

2C

33

R1

2R

13

HF

_T

X_

RX

_5

0_

OH

M

R2

R5

IN1

OU

T3

135791113

246

12

14 8

10

JTA

G

1

62

73

84

95

RS

23

2

VIN

3V

OU

T2

GND1

IC4

C1+

1

C1-

3

C2+

4

C2-

5

T1

IN11

T2

IN10

R1

OU

T12

R2

OU

T9

V+

2

V-

6

T1

OU

T14

T2

OU

T7

R1IN

13

R2IN

8

IC3

GND

GN

D

SY

S_

CL

K

SYS_CLK

DA

TA

_C

LK

DATA_CLK

VD

D_

PA

VD

D_

PA

VD

D_

A

VD

D_

AV

DD

_A

BAND_GAP

BA

ND

_G

AP

RX

_IN

1

RX

_IN

1R

X_

IN1

RX_IN2

RX

_IN

2

IRQ

IRQ

MOD

MO

D

VD

D_

X

VDD_X

VD

D_

X

VD

D_

X

VD

D_

X

50

_O

HM

OSC_IN

OS

C_

IN

OSC_OUT

OS

C_

OU

T

RS

T_N

MI

RS

T_N

MI

RS

T_N

MI

TC

K

TC

K

TM

S

TM

S

TD

I

TD

I

TD

O/T

DI

TD

O/T

DI

RX

D

RX

D

TX

D

TX

D

ASK/OOK

AS

K/O

OK

PW

R_

LE

D

PW

R_

LE

D

12

VD

C RS

_2

32

_P

IN2

RS

_2

32

_P

IN2

RS

_2

32

_P

IN3

RS

_2

32

_P

IN3

EN

EN

I/O

_1

I/O_1

I/O

_2

I/O_2

SS

SS

MIS

O

MIS

O

MO

SI

MO

SI

SW

_2

SW

_4

SW

_5

SW

_6

SW

_7

SW

_8

SW

_3

RT

S

SW

_9

SW

_1

5

SW

_1

3

SW

_11

SW

_1

0

SW

_1

2

SW

_1

4

SW

_1

6

MS

P4

30

_V

IN

MS

P4

30

_V

INM

SP

43

0_

VIN

MS

P4

30

_V

IN

VC

C

VC

C

VC

C

VC

C

Appendix A www.ti.com




Figure 10. RFID Controller Board (1 of 2)

http://www.ti.com


RJ45-8L2-B

GN

DS

N6

51

76

B

GN

D

1u

F

GN

D

12

0

1u

H

GN

D1u

H

1u

H

1u

H

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

GN

D

MA

X3

23

2E

SE

RS

-48

51 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

R1

RE

2

DE

3

D4

GN

D5

A6

B7

VC

C8

U3

C1

4

R9

C1

5

C2

6

C2

7

C2

8

X1

.1X

1.2

X1

.3X

1.4

X1

.5X

1.6

X1

.7X

1.8

X1

.9X

1.1

0X

1.1

1X

1.1

2X

1.1

3X

1.1

4X

1.1

5X

1.1

6X

1.1

7X

1.1

8

C1+

1

C1-

3

C2+

4

C2-

5

T1

IN11

T2

IN10

R1

OU

T12

R2

OU

T9

V+

2

V-

6

T1

OU

T14

T2

OU

T7

R1IN

13

R2IN

8

IC2

GN

D

VD

D_

X

SW

_5

SW

_6T

X_

RX

_2

TX

_R

X_2

TX

_R

X_1

TX

_R

X_1

RT

S

RT

S

RS

_2

32

_P

IN3

RS

_2

32

_P

IN2

SW

_8

SW

_4

SW

_2

SW

_3

SW

_7

SW

_9

SW

_1

0S

W_

11

SW

_1

2S

W_

13

SW

_1

4S

W_

15

SW

_1

6

50

_O

HM

VC

C

VC

C

RS

-48

5to

RS

-23

2C

ON

VE

RT

ER

www.ti.com Appendix A




Figure 11. RFID Controller Board (2 of 2)

http://www.ti.com


AN

T1

,5

,9

or

13

AN

T3

,7

,11

or

15

AN

T2

,6

,1

0o

r1

4A

NT

4,

8,

12

or

16

SM

A-1

42

-07

01

-87

1/8

76

GND

GND

GND

GND

GND

GND

SW

GND

GN

D

GND

GND

GN

D

GN

D

SM

A-1

42

-07

01

-87

1/8

76

10k

10k10k

10kGND

GND GND

GND

MC

-921

MC

-921

MC

-921

MC

-921

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

2X

9-A

GN

D

GND

00

10

0

100

X1

22

RF

13

44

55

77

RFC8

99

1010

1111

12

12

RF

213

14

14

C216

C117

VSS/GND18

1919

GND

PA

D

PE

42

57

11

66

VDD20

15

15

GN

D1

1

VD

D2

V2

3

V1

4

GND25

RF46

GND37

N/C16

RF

C11

RF215

GND714

RF113

GN

D5

10

PA

DT

H

RF38G

ND

612

GN

D4

9

X4

P$1

P$1

P$2

P$2

P$1

P$1

P$2

P$2

P$1

P$1

P$2

P$2

P$1

P$1

P$2

P$2

R3

R4R5

R6

C1

C2

C3

C4

C5

C6

C7

C8

C9

C10

C11

C12

C1

3C

14

C15

C16

X6

X7

X8

X9

X1

0.1

X1

0.2

X1

0.3

X1

0.4

X1

0.5

X1

0.6

X1

0.7

X1

0.8

X1

0.9

X1

0.1

0X

10

.11

X1

0.1

2X

10

.13

X1

0.1

4X

10

.15

X1

0.1

6X

10

.17

X1

0.1

8

X11

.1X

11.2

X11

.3X

11.4

X11

.5X

11.6

X11

.7X

11.8

X11

.9X

11.1

0X

11.1

1X

11.1

2X

11.1

3X

11.1

4X

11.1

5X

11.1

6X

11.1

7X

11.1

8

R1

R2

R7

R8

GN

DG

ND

AN

TE

NN

A_

4

VD

D_

XV

DD

_X

VD

D_

X

VD

D_

X

CT

RL

_1

CT

RL

_1

CT

RL

_2

CT

RL

_2

AN

TE

NN

A_

1A

NT

EN

NA

_2

V1

V1

AN

TE

NN

A_

3

RF4

RF

4

V2

V2

RF

_IN

RF

_IN

RF

_O

UT

RF

_O

UT

SW

_6

SW

_6

SW

_7

SW

_7

SW

_8

SW

_8

SW

_9

SW

_9

SW

_1

0

SW

_1

0

SW

_11

SW

_11

SW

_1

2

SW

_1

2

SW

_1

3

SW

_1

3

SW

_1

4

SW

_1

4

SW

_1

5

SW

_1

5

SW

_1

6

SW

_1

6

Ma

inC

on

ne

cto

rF

ee

d_

Th

rou

gh

Co

nn

ecto

r

Appendix A www.ti.com




Figure 12. Antenna Board

http://www.ti.com


Antenna 1, 5, 9 or 13 Antenna 2, 6, 10 or 14 Antenna 3, 7, 11 or 15 Antenna 4, 8, 12 or 16

X1

U2

U1

X4

VA

LU

E

NA

ME

VA

LU

E

NA

ME

VA

LU

E

NA

ME

VA

LU

E

NA

ME

R3

R4

R5 R6

C1C2

C3

C4

C5C6

C7

C8

C9C10

C11

C1

2

C13C14

C1

5C

16

X10

X11

R1

R2

R7

R8

2.17 inches / 55 mm

20.43307 inches / 519 mm

M4 hole @ 6.75mm / 43.75mm

M4 hole @ 6.75mm /11.75mm

32mm between holes

M4 hole @ 512.25mm / 11.75mm

M4 hole @ 512.25mm /43.75mm

32mm between holes

0mm / 0mm reference

14

1

2

1 5

96

2,5

4

F09

RFID_READY

R6

C3

C4

C5

C6

C7

C8

C11

C9

C10

L1

L2

C12

C13

C16

C19

C20

C17

C18

C21C22

C23C24

F2370

TRF79

60

R1

R3C1

R4C2

C29

+12VDCIN

R10

C25

C30

C31C32C33

R12

R13

HF

_T

X_R

X_50_O

HM

R2 R5

JTAG

RS232

RS-485

U3

C14

R9

C15C26 C27C28

IC4

X1

IC2

IC3

4 inches / 101.6 mm

2.3 inches / 58.42 mm

+12VDCIN

C1

C2

C3

C4

C5

C6

C7

C8

C9

C10

C11

C12

C13C14

C15

C16

C17

C18

C19

C20

C21C22

C23C24

C25

C26 C27C28

C29

C30

C31C32C33

F2370

HF

_T

X_R

X_50_O

HM

IC2

IC3

IC4

JTAG

14

1

2

L1

L2

Q1 R1

R2

R3

R4

R5

R6

R9

R10

R12

R13

RFID_READY

RS-485

RS232

1 5

96

2,5

4

F09

TRF79

60

TexasInstruments

U3

X1




Appendix BSLOA167–May 2012

Layout Images

Figure 13. RFID Controller Board Layout

The dimensions of this board are 4.00 inches x 2.3 inches (101.6 mm x 58.42 mm). Original customerrequirement was that this board be no larger than 110 mm x 220 mm. Mounting holes are M4.

Figure 14. RFID Antenna Board Layout

The dimensions of this board are 20.433 inches x 2.17 inches (519 mm x 55 mm). Per original customerspecification, two M4 size mounting holes are provided on either end of this board, spaced 6.75 mm fromthe board edge and 32 mm apart from each other vertically. With respect to the mounting hole spacingfrom each other horizontally, they are spaced 505.5 mm from each other, again, per original customerspecification.



cA1 A2 cA3 A4


cA5 A6 cA7 A8


cA9 A10 cA11 A12


cA13 A14 cA15 A16

RF

(SMA)

RF

(SMA)

RF

(SMA)

GPIO and +3.3 VDC(18 position)



RF

(SMA)


RFID Controller

Board




Appendix CSLOA167–May 2012

Cable Details

The system boards are designed with simplification of the cabling scheme in mind. Figure 15 shows thecascade concept for the signal flow from the controller board out to the first antenna array board, thenfrom the first antenna array board to the second, and so on to the last antenna array board. The GPIOsignals and the RF signals are cascaded through the boards as shown while the +3.3 VDC and groundare provided to each board directly. Figure 16 shows this in greater detail.

Figure 15. Signal Cascade Concept


Controller Board

SW2

SW3SW4

SW5SW6SW7SW8SW9SW10SW11SW12SW13SW14

SW15SW16

+3.3VDCGND

Antenna Array 1(uses SW2:SW5)all GPIO signals

shifted up byfour positions

SW6SW7SW8SW9SW10

SW11SW12SW13SW14SW15SW16

+3.3VDCGND

SW10

SW11SW12

SW13SW14SW15SW16

+3.3VDCGND

SW14SW15SW16

+3.3VDCGND

IN OUT IN OUTIN OUTOUT IN

Antenna Array 2(uses SW6:SW9)all GPIO signals

shifted up byfour positions

Antenna Array 3(uses SW10:SW13)

all GPIO signalsshifted up byfour positions

Antenna Array 4(uses SW14:SW16)

www.ti.com Appendix C




Figure 16. Cabling for Signal Cascade Concept

Table 4 shows the cable pin out of the signal distribution that is shown in Figure 16 for clarity andunderstanding. This cabling approach allows for one cable assembly to be created and then replicatedfour times for the system, which accommodates and distributes all of the signals that are required forcommand and control. Examination of the schematics and Figure 16 show that the cabling between thecontroller board and the antennas can all be the same, because the signal routing and shifting occurs onthe boards.

Table 4. GPIO Cable Pin Out

Pin Name Function

1 SW2 / SW6 / SW10 / SW14 SW2 from controller to first antenna board, SW6 for second antenna board, SW10for third antenna board, SW14 for fourth antenna board

2 SW3 / SW/7 / SW11 / SW15 SW3 from controller to first antenna board, SW7 for second antenna board, SW11for third antenna board, SW15 for fourth antenna board

3 SW4 / SW8 / SW12 / SW16 SW4 from controller to first antenna board, SW8 for second antenna board, SW12for third antenna board, SW16 for fourth antenna board

4 SW5 / SW9 / SW13 SW5, SW9, and SW13 from controller to first antenna board for further routing5 SW6 / SW10 / SW14 SW6, SW10, and SW14 from controller to first antenna board for further routing6 SW7 / SW11 / SW15 SW7, SW11, and SW15 from controller to first antenna board for further routing7 SW8 / SW12 / SW16 SW8, SW12, and SW13 from controller to first antenna board for further routing8 SW9 / SW13 SW9 and SW13 from controller to first antenna board for further routing9 SW10 / SW14 SW10 and SW14 from controller to first antenna board for further routing

10 SW11 / SW15 SW11 and SW15 from controller to first antenna board for further routing11 SW12 / SW16 SW12 and SW16 from controller to first antenna board for further routing12 SW13 SW13 from controller to first antenna board for further routing13 SW14 SW14 from controller to first antenna board for further routing14 SW15 SW15 from controller to first antenna board for further routing15 SW16 SW16 from controller to first antenna board for further routing16 VDD_X (+3.3VDC) Voltage supply for digital switches17 RF_OUT/RF_IN (50_OHM) RF (coaxial or twisted pair) (optional, use based on testing)18 GND GND (coaxial or twisted pair)

http://www.ti.com


Length TBD

18 wires are terminated on both ends with TE Connectivity Receptacle Contacts

TE Connectivity P /N 1-794606-1 (for 24AWG )

TE Connectivity P /N 1-794610-1 (for 20-24AWG)

Cabling is pin to pin (that is, pin 1 to pin 1 and pin 18 to pin 18)

18 PositionMicro Mate-N-Lok Receptacle Connector

(TE Connectivity P/N 1-794617-8)

18 PositionMicro Mate-N-Lok Receptacle Connector

(TE Connectivity P/N 1-794617-8)

Appendix C www.ti.com




The preliminary cable assembly diagram is shown in Figure 17.

Figure 17. GPIO Cable Diagram

http://www.ti.com


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