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Trends in Sensors and Internet of Things

Walt Maclay President, Voler Systems

Product Development

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Agenda

•  Trends •  Wearable Devices •  IoT •  Digital & Home Health

•  Sensor Innovation •  Current Challenges

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Trends - Growing Markets

1.  Wearable Devices 2.  Internet of Things (IoT) 3.  Digital & Home Health

•  This Talk: My Perspectives from What People are Designing and Investing In

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Wearable Devices Trends

Is it a fad? Evolutionary Change •  Well Adopted

•  Jewelry •  Watches •  Eyeglasses •  Hearing Aides •  Smart Phones •  Activity Tracking

Explosive Growth ? •  Interconnected

Data Will Make Them Smarter

PAST FUTURE PRESENT

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Wearable Device Innovation

Scanadu Tricorder

FitBit Activity Monitor

Apple Watch

SnapChat Spectacles

Sonitus in the Mouth Hearing Aid

Detection Watch Eyeglasses Hearing Aid

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Example: “Tricoder”

•  Temperature Sensing •  Heart Rate Sensing •  ECG

•  Heart Rate Variability •  Pulse Wave Transit Time (Blood Pressure)

•  Oximetry (Blood Oxygen Level) •  Urine Analysis •  Stress

Scanadu

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Agenda

•  Trends •  Wearable Devices •  IoT •  Digital & Home Health

•  Sensor Innovation •  Current Challenges

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IoT Innovation

Connected Health FitBit

Connected Baby Hatch Baby

Connected Home Roost

Connected Pet Whistle

Connected Game Active Mind Golf Tracker

Connected Life Apple Watch

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IoT Innovation

Home Security Auto Backup Camera

Drones Agriculture

Air Quality Monitor

Tractor Guidance

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IoT Innovation

Hearing Aide with Bluetooth

Fall Monitoring for Seniors

Smart Locks Smart Outlets

Game Controller

IoT games

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3 Pillars of IoT

Hardware •  Sensors •  Wireless •  Battery

Software •  Collection •  Alerts

Data Analysis •  Aggregation •  Insight

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Scale of IoT Innovation

Chip Vehicle Building Device

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IoT: Sensor to Cloud

Direct •  Direct

Gateway can be •  Cell Phone •  WiFi Router •  LoRa Gateway

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Agenda

•  Trends •  Wearable Devices •  IoT •  Digital & Home Health

•  Sensor Innovation •  Current Challenges

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Existing Home Health

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Future Home Health

•  Better Function •  Smart Fall Monitors for Elderly •  Better Passive Activity Tracking – Is Mom OK?

•  Alzheimer’s Tracking •  Better Medication Adherence Monitoring

•  Medical Sensors in Smart Phones Will Lead to: •  More Medical Apps

•  Remote Health Monitoring – Growing •  Sterilization of Connections – Growing •  Implanted Sensors – for Hearing, Now Available

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Example: Home Dialysis

•  Ultraviolet Light Sterilization of Connections •  Connects Implanted Peritoneal Dialysis Tube to

Dialysate Bag and Drain Bag •  Sensors

•  UV Light •  Enclosure Open

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What is Holding Back Home Health?

•  Elderly Market is Difficult •  Distribution •  Ease of Use

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Agenda

•  Trends •  Wearable Devices •  IoT •  Digital & Home Health

•  Sensor Innovation •  Current Challenges

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Sensors Critical To Advances

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Rapid Innovation In Sensors

•  Growth Of Sensors And Electronics •  Miniaturization •  Lower Cost •  Smarter Systems

•  Advances Create New Markets Which Drives More Sensor Innovation

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Market Drivers for Sensors

PAST FUTURE PRESENT

Automobiles Since 1980s Cars Are Now Full of Sensors

Smart Phones Last 10 Years Smart Phones Make Sensors Wearable

Wearable Devices IoT Home Health

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Common Sensors Now

•  Temperature •  Pressure •  Vision •  Microphones, Photodetectors •  Vibration / Acceleration •  Motion: Gyroscope, Accelerometer,

Magnetometer •  Heart rate / EKG •  Distance using RF signal strength •  Distance using ultrasound

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Future Of Sensors

•  Chemical Sensors •  Gene Detection Chips – Getting Better •  Lab on a Chip – for Fluids •  Paper Based - Disposable

•  Fiber Optic Sensors •  Pressure, Temperature, Strain, Force, Displacement

•  Non-contact Glucose Sensor? •  Big Data to Analyze Sensor Data

•  Make Sensors Smarter with Software

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Fiber Optic Sensors

•  Advantages •  Safe – No Wires to Sensor •  Small – 0.25 mm Diameter •  Operate in Harsh Environments, No EMI •  Multiplex Sensors on One Fiber

•  Disadvantages •  Support Electronics still Expensive •  Electronics Can Get Cheap in Volume

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Agenda

•  Trends •  Wearable Devices •  IoT •  Digital & Home Health

•  Sensor Innovation •  Current Challenges

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Current Challenges

•  Wearables – Batteries a Major Limitation •  Limitations in Sensors •  Islands of Data •  Are You Making a Medical Device?

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Battery Limitations in Wearables

•  Slow Pace of Improvement If Improved Like Semiconductors: Size of a Pin Head, Could Power Your Car, Cost 1 Cent

•  Must Always Work Around Limitations w  Short Time Between Charging vs Small Size w  Limited Wireless Transmission Range

§  ie Bluetooth instead of WiFi or Cellular w  Wireless Transmission in Short Bursts

§  Devices Slow When Listening for Transmission w  Use of Accelerometers Instead of GPS

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Limitations In Sensors

•  Low Cost Devices are Not as Accurate •  Non-linearity and Offset Errors •  Calibration or Auto-calibration

•  Challenging to Get Good Data •  Need Well Designed Data Acquisition Electronics •  Software Can Make Data Better

•  Cameras – Lighting Often a Problem

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Islands of Data •  Devices Collect Isolated Data •  How to get it to the Doctor? •  How to Collect from Many Devices? •  Will The Solution Create Electronic Health

Records (EHR)? •  Highly Regulated

•  Patient Confidentiality is a Problem •  Severe Penalties for Violations

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Are You Making a Medical Device?

•  Cell Phone App Can Be A Medical Device •  FDA Issued Guidelines for Mobile Apps in October 2013 •  FDA Can Force A Company Out of Business for

Violating Regulations •  Changing the “Instructions For Use” May Make It

Not a Medical Device •  Pulse Oximeter Example

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Are These Medical Devices?

NO Scanadu

YES Thermometer

YES

Zosano YES Azumio ? NO

FitBit Activity Monitor

Elder monitor

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Walt Maclay, Voler Systems Walt@volersystems.com

Quality Electronic Design & Software Sensor Interfaces

Wireless Motion Control

Medical Devices

Slides Are Available at www.volersystems.com