Country fact sheet

November 2017

Photo: © Tamas Parkanyi, ImaginAIR /EEA

Spain

Trends and projections in Spain 2017Tracking progress towards Europe's climate and energy targets

Cover design: EEA

Layout: EEA

Acknowledgements

This country profile was prepared by the European Environment Agency (EEA). The EEA project manager was Claire Qoul. The EEA contributors were Iratxe Orbe and Melanie Sporer.

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Introduction

This country profile contains key data on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, renewable energy and

energy efficiency for each EU Member State (MS). This profile is part of a package of country profiles

that support and complement the EEA publication ‘Trends and projections in Europe 2017 – Tracking

progress towards Europe’s climate and energy targets’ (EEA, 2017m).

This country profile includes:

A comparative index of emissions intensity;

A comparative assessment of emissions per capita;

A brief assessment of progress towards national targets concerning GHG emissions in the

sectors covered by the ESD, renewable energy and energy efficiency;

A comparative assessment of sectoral emissions.

In the EU, each MS is committed to meet targets concerning GHG emissions, renewable energy and

energy efficiency:

- Under the Effort Sharing Decision (ESD), Member States must meet 2020 targets on GHG

emissions from the sectors that are not covered by the European Union (EU) Emissions

Trading System (ETS). These targets range from a 20 % reduction to a 20 % allowed

increase compared with 2005 base-year levels. To ensure progress towards 2020 targets, the

ESD also sets binding targets for each Member State and for each year of the 2013–2020

period. These annual targets are expressed in terms of emission budgets, as quantities of

Annual Emission Allocations (AEAs).

- Under the Renewable Energy Directive (RED), Member States must meet 2020 targets on the

proportion of renewable energy sources (RES) in their gross final energy consumption. These

targets range from 10 % to 49 %. To ensure progress towards 2020 targets, the RED also

sets indicative trajectories for the period from 2011 to 2020. Member States have also set

their own estimated trajectories in their national renewable energy action plans (NREAPs).

- Under the Energy Efficiency Directive (EED), Member States have to set indicative, non-

binding targets on primary or final energy consumption for 2020. For primary energy

consumption, Member States have set targets ranging from a 24 % reduction to a 22 %

increase compared with 2005 levels. For final energy consumption, these targets range from

a 22 % reduction to a 43 % increase compared with 2005 levels. No indicative trajectory has

been formally set to monitor progress towards these targets. This analysis uses a simple

approach for monitoring progress, which considers an indicative linear trajectory between

2005 energy consumption levels and 2020 targets.

The information presented in the country profiles originates mainly from the information submitted

under the following legislation:

EU Monitoring Mechanism Regulation (MMR) (EU, 2013e);

Renewable Energy Directive (RED) (EU, 2009d);

Energy Efficiency Directive (EED) (EU, 2012).

0 50 100 150 200

Index of GHG emissions / GDP (EU28=100)

SwedenMaltaFrance

LuxembourgDenmarkAustria

United KingdomIrelandItalySpain

PortugalBelgiumLatvia

GermanyNetherlandsHungaryLithuaniaFinlandCroatiaSlovakiaSloveniaRomaniaCyprusGreece

Czech RepublicPolandBulgariaEstonia

Source: EC 2017a; EEA, 2017a and 2017c.

0 5 10 15 20

GHG emissions / Capita (t CO2 eq. per capita)

CroatiaSwedenLatvia

RomaniaMalta

HungaryPortugalLithuaniaFranceItalySpain

SlovakiaSlovenia

United KingdomBulgariaDenmarkGreeceAustriaPolandFinlandBelgiumCyprus

GermanyNetherlands

Czech RepublicIrelandEstonia

Luxembourg

Source: Eurostat 2017e; EEA, 2017a and 2017c.

Greenhouse gas emissions per capita in 2015

Greenhouse gas emissions intensity of the economy in 2015

National greenhouse gas emissionsNational emissions are reported for every year since 1990. They constitute emissions from Energy Use and Supply, IndustrialProcesses and Product Use, Agriculture, Land-Use, Land Use Change and Forestry and Waste.

199119931995199719992001200320052007200920112013

0

100

200

300

Mt CO2 equivalent

Figure 1: Greenhouse gas emissions by sector in Spain

Energy

Agriculture

Industrial processes and product use

Land-Use, Land Use Change and Forestry

Waste

Sources: EEA, 2017a and 2017c.

Progress towards EU Member States' greenhouse gas emission targets

Each Member State shall meet its legally binding targets concerning greenhouse gas emissions covered under the Effort SharingDecision (ESD) for each year of the period from 2013 to 2020. The ESD covers emissions from sectors such as transport, buildings,agriculture and waste that are not covered by the EU Emission Trading Scheme (ETS).

2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035

0

50

100

150

200

250

Mt CO2 equivalent

Figure 2: GHG emission trends and projections under the Effort SharingDecision in Spain

Annual ESD targets

Historic ESD GHG Emissions

Proxy ESD GHG emissions (2016)

Projections 'with existing measures'

Projections 'with additional measures'

Sources: EEA, 2017a, 2017b, 2017c, 2017d, 2017f and 2017l; EU, 2009c, 2013a, 2013b and 2017b.Note: The GHG emission trends represent emissions covered under the Effort Sharing Decision (ESD). For projected emissions, the ‘withexisting measures’ (WEM) scenario reflects existing policies and measures, while the ‘with additional measures’ (WAM) takes into accountthe additional effects of planned measures reported by Member States.

Progress towards EU Member States' renewable energy targets

Each Member State shall meet its legally binding targets concerning the 2020 share of renewable energy sources (RES) in grossfinal energy consumption.

2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020

0,00

5,00

10,00

15,00

20,00

Share of RES in gross final energy consumption (%)

Figure 3: Progress towards targets regarding renewableenergy sources (RES) consumption as a proportion of Spain'senergy consumption

Indicative trajectory from NREAP

Indicative trajectory from Renewable Energy directive

RES share in gross final energy consumption

Proxy RES share in gross final energy consumption (2016)

Sources: EC, 2017b; EEA, 2017j;  EU, 2009d; Eurostat, 2017c and 2017d.

Progress towards EU Member States energy efficiency targetsEach Member State shall meet its non-binding targets for energy consumption for 2020.

2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

Mtoe (Million Tonnes of Oil Equivalent)

Figure 4: Progress towards Spain's primary and final energy consumptiontargets

Linear trajectory for PEC

Linear trajectory for FEC

Primary Energy Consumption (PEC)

Final Energy Consumption (FEC)

Primary Energy Consumption Proxy

Final Energy Consumption Proxy

Sources: European Council, 2014; Eurostat, 2017a and 2017b.

References

EC, 2017a, Ameco databse (https://ec.europa.eu/info/business-economy-euro/indicators-statistics/economic-databases/macro-economic-database-ameco/ameco-database_en) accessed May 2017.

EC, 2017b, National renewable energy action plan (NREAP) data from Member States, (http://ec.europa.eu/energy/renewables/action_plan_en.htm) accessed 4 July 2017.

EEA, 2017a, Annual European Community greenhouse gas inventory 1990-2015 and inventory report 2017. EEA Report No 6/2017, European Environment Agency (https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/european-union-greenhouse-gas-inventory-2017) accessed 4 July 2017.

EEA, 2017b, Approximated EU GHG inventory: Proxy GHG emission estimates for 2016. EEA Technical report 2017, European Environment Agency (https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/approximated-eu-greenhouse-gas-inventory-2016).

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EEA, 2017f, 'EU ETS data viewer' (http://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/data/data-viewers/emissions-trading-viewer) accessed 4 July 2017.

EEA, 2017j, Renewable energy in Europe — 2017 Update. EEA Technical Report, European Environment Agency (forthcoming).

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EU, 2013a, Commission Decision of 26 March 2013 on determining Member States’ annual emission allocations for the period from 2013 to 2020 pursuant to Decision No 406/2009/EC (2013/162/EU) (OJ L 90, 28.3.2013, p. 106) (http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?qid=1511371942099&uri=CELEX:32009D0406).

EU, 2013b, Commission Implementing Decision of 31 October 2013 on the adjustments to Member States’ annual emission allocations for the period from 2013 to 2020 pursuant to Decision No 406/2009/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (2013/634/EU) (OJ L 292, 1.11.2013, p. 19) (http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32013D0634) accessed 15 August 2014.

EU, 2013e, Regulation (EU) No 525/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 May 2013 on a mechanism for monitoring and reporting greenhouse gas emissions and for reporting other information at national and Union level relevant to climate change and repealing Decision No 280/2004/EC (2013/162/EU) (OJ L 165, 18.06.2013, p. 13) (http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?qid=1511373134843&uri=CELEX:32013R0525) accessed 14 August 2014.

EU, 2017b, Commission Decision (EU) 2017/1471 of 10 August 2017 amending Decision 2013/162/EU to revise Member States’ annual emission allocations for the period from 2017 to 2020’ (OJ L 209, 12.08.2017, p. 53-55) (http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?qid=1511373017144&uri=CELEX:32017D1471).

European Council, 2014, Conclusions on 2030 Climate and Energy Policy Framework, European Council, Brussels (http://data.consilium.europa.eu/doc/document/ST-169-2014-INIT/en/pdf) accessed 22 November 2017.

Eurostat, 2017a, 'Final energy consumption, simplified energy balances — Annual data [nrg_100a], code B_101700' (http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=nrg_100a&lang=en) accessed 11 July 2017.

Eurostat, 2017b, 'Final non-energy consumption, simplified energy balances — Annual data [nrg_100a], code B_101600' (http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=nrg_100a&lang=en) accessed 11 July 2017.

Eurostat, 2017c, 'Gross inland energy consumption, simplified energy balances — Annual data [nrg_100a],

code B_100900' (http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=nrg_100a&lang=en) accessed 11 July 2017.

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