trench warfare. only wide enough to allow two men to pass side-by- side. trenches elongated pits dug...
TRANSCRIPT
Trench Trench WarfareWarfare
• only wide
enough to allow
two men to pass
side-by-side.
• Trenches elongated pits dug 6-8 ft. into the earth, and stretching out over hundreds of miles.
• Duck Boards line the bottom of the trench, to serve both as a place for the men to stand on the avoid enemy fire, and to raise men above the mud, rats, blood, and bodily wastes that filled the bottom of the trench. •Parapets
served as a rest for a gun, and the Parados protected the men from exploding shrapnel
Trench Warfare - Diagram
• Barbed-wire was lined up in front of a trench to protect the men from attack.
Trench Warfare
• Dugouts in the side of the trenches provided shelter for the men to live in, and protection from incoming artillery fire.
The entrance to a “dugout”
Trench Warfare – Dugout
• Three interlocking trench lines would be used: a front line for attack and defense, a middle line of defense, and a rear line of reserves. An encampment of tents and hospitals would be located behind the third line. Men spent anywhere from one day to two weeks on the lines before given a day of rest.
Three interlocking trench lines would be usedThree interlocking trench lines would be used
a front line for attack and defense,a front line for attack and defense,
a middle line of defense,a middle line of defense,
a rear line of reservesa rear line of reserves
An encampment of tents and hospitals would be located behind the third line.An encampment of tents and hospitals would be located behind the third line.
• Men spent anywhere from one day to two weeks on the lines before given a
day of rest.
• The distance between opposing trenches was The distance between opposing trenches was called “called “no-man’s landno-man’s land”. This distance could be as ”. This distance could be as
short as 30 meters, or as wide as 1 mile.short as 30 meters, or as wide as 1 mile.
• On command, soldiers from a trench would go “Over the Top”“Over the Top” and charge across
“no-man’s”
land and attempt
to overrun
the opponents trench.
Often,a periscope would have been used to see the enemy, without putting a soldier in the direct line of fire.
Retrieving a dead soldier from “no-man’s land”
Check Check out out this this
mud!mud!
• Lots of Mud!
• So keep those socks
dry!Drying his socks
over a fire!
…or else!! Trench Foot
Keeping those feet dry isn’t always easy…
Lice Hunting
Oh Rats!Oh Rats!
Corpse Rats
German soldiers after rat hunting in their trenches
GAS!
Could this break the stalemate of trench warfare?
• Mustard Gas
• Chlorine Gas
• Tear Gas
• And more!
Poison Gas
This is similar to what Paul and his friends wear in All Quiet on the Western Front.
Mustard Gas Victims
• Soldier’s would commonly use rifles, bayonets, spades, clubs, shotguns, helmets, and grenades
Weapons of War
–Armies would use larger items such as machine guns, mortars, artillery,
gas, barbed-wire, aircraft, and mines
Food was Food was generally generally
very bland very bland and in short and in short
supply supply (particularly (particularly
for the for the Germans)Germans)
Can of “Bully Beef”…yum!
• Two pieces of bread today,
awesome!
…awful tough to keep clean..
• Rain filled
shell-hole makes a
great bathtub!
