} \
Girder supported on o bearing , free end.
Nota A : If crossframe is not connected to the bearing stiffeners add
"Alternative : grind to bet~r ."
Girder supported on
Grind to bear
o bearing , continuous .
Girder supported on c pin, continuous .
Girder at a hinge , cantilever or suspended.
At compression flange.
Tight fit at tension flange. See Standard Plan "Steel Girder Details" for cope and Alternative Stiffener Detoi I.
B 9·1
VOL IV Detailing BRIDGE PLANNING AND DESIGN MANUAL December t971 11-20"
LOCATION OF BEARING ELEVATION
I I
I I
Give top of masonry It elevations for all structures using bearing bars, bearing bar and ro II er combinations, or roller bearings.
Cl Pin~
Give ll pir. elevations for all the heavier type bearings
Give Cl pin elevation for using pins and pin type pin type bearings and supports supports on continuous
girders. )
CQ
cp.
ti
VOL IV Detailing BRIDGE PLANNING AND DESIGN MANUAL N.ovember 1972 11-30
CRITERIA FOR CONTROL DIMENSION "y" ) ON STEEL GIRDERS
Control dimension ''y"
To calculate dimension "Y", add together the following 6 factors:
(1) Deck thickness (2) Correction for roadway slope; = l/2 max. flange
width times roadway cross slope in % times 1/100. (3) Maximum top flange thickness (4) Additional camber, if used; see Memo 16-3 & 16-4. (5) Excess fillet to allow for fabricating tolerance
in girder camber; allow 1" for spans 40' or less. Allow 1 1/2" minimum for spans over 40'.
In multiple span structures dimension "Y" should be constant if possible. Item (5) may be increased from its minimum value as necessary to achieve this end. Dimension •y• should be shown on the "Typical Section" sheet and designated as the distance from the top of deck to the top of web ~ at the { bearings.
Proper embedment of shear connectors on composite girders may require special attention. See Article 5-98, Vol. I.
Give dimension at t bearings. Top of web fL to top of deck. (round off to nearest V2")
Optional
VOL IV Detailing BRIDGE PLANNING AND DESIGN MANUAL December 1971 11-30.1
"DOWN" DISTANCE FOR MASONRY ft. GRADES
Top of deck Cl Bearing (I)
"Down"
Top of masonry
To calculate the "Down" distance, add together the following 5 factors:
(1) Control dimension "Y" (2 ) \'Jeb i. depth ( 3) Bottom flange re.. thickness @ i bearing (4) Sole re.. thickness at i bearing (5) Bearing bar height
The same method may be used to find i pin elevations by substituting sole ~ to ~ pin distance for bearing bar height in Item (5).
~a rings
I
Top of masonry ll.Sole ~ ~....../1.._ r 1
On bearings set on fabric bearing pads where adjacent girders have bottom flanges ofdifferent thickness, or, where ~~ere is difference of .01' or more in grade between~ oeari~gs, the sole ~ thickness on the high side should be increased to compensate for the difference in elevations.
Web depth (2) should be corrected for slope on all grades of 6% or more.
VOL IV Detailing BRIDGE PLANNING AND DESIGN MANUAL De<embe• 1971 11-40
CROSSFRAMES WITH LATERAL BRACING
)
See Article 7-17 Vol. Ill for Show dimension (clipping ST section length of weld and note.
makes eccentric weld ) ~
Max. dip i$.
1!2 flanQe width Cross frames are usually shop welded except for field connections which are bo!ted.
I Lateral bracing not shown in this view .
Show on plans-_....
Lateral bracing
Slot lateral bracing gusset plate for stiffener.
Note : Connections shall be designed and detailed To fit the individual structure • The connection shown is on example only.
SECTION· A-A
WELDING SYMBOLS Basic Welding Symbols and Their Location Significance
~------~----------r---------.-- .----------r---------,----------r--~----_, Plug Spot Back Scarf for FlangeLocation) Significance
Fillet or Slot or Projection Seam or Backing Surfacing Brazed Joint Edge I I
Groovewe!d
Not I
) IOther Side CJ / 0 / e / ' X useo // !"- \, .,i/ Groove weld symbol i i I
Not Not Not Not Nor ' // I Nor i ' Both Sides used :.~sedused used used usee/ ~ I 7/ i No Arrow Side I I
Not Not N01 Not Ncr Notor Other Side I0 :® "''used used used used usea use1.! Significance ' / I I l
I
- ' 1-----------C_o_n_v_ex_c_o_n_to_u_r_S..:y_m_b_o_I__________+-------------We_ld_·AII-Around Symbol I
! rE I Weld-all-around symool ~ 1nd1cates that weld "'tends ---- ---lf--- I comple.tery around the 101nt ­
! Joint with Backing Joint with Spacer fAeii·Thru Symbol -=l
I
~------------------=---------;-----------------~----------~~--------
W1th groove weld symbol W1th mod1hed greave weld symool Any applicable IN<:Ia symoo: ~ i !"-/
" :. ,-..-.. i
I/ ~. ' I- A -""' i"..OIP M;.1.,1al •"d O'"'t'":o••>n\ '•'<~lf'l•d· ,,, •I ,.,,,,,,.r,.,..~,n~ Melt-thru SY"'DO' os not . / Iof baclunc;a ,no "'~'flt:ot1 c.f'!i.J.~.t(•·• .t~SPK·'·•·•I d1mens1oned le•ceot t.eoghtl _/ I
~--------------~~~~--~~~~----------------~---------------~---------------------------------~ Flush Contour Symbol Multiple Reference Lines
Flush contour symbol i 1naocates lace ofweod ~ F1n1sh symbol{users Ftrst operation shown on ---· ,ott ; A. to be made flusn When ~ standard)lndocares reference tone nearest arrr.w --...-'7!"'"-~-J ./· ' Second operatoo., or supplE· __-. _,.,., symbol. 1 weld -c- spec1foedcontourbut used w1thOI.ot a fon1sh / / " methOd o! olltaon1ng n~cates menrary data_.;..;.-- ­
w1th0ul suDseQuent not degree of f1n1sh Thord operatiOn. or test --- lo.l Lf' f1ntSh1ng 1nforr1atoon___­
hp;;;w;;,;Fs;ie;;l;i)dOiWe~ld;...S~y:...m;...bo_;_;_l__4 ____c_o_m_,p';;le;;;t;e;;Pe;:ne;-::tr:a;;;ti;:o;n;;;;;;:;,;;;:j.._____:L:::oc:a:t::io:n of Elements of a 'Welding Symbol F1eld Weld symbol Indicates complete penetratiOn 1ndoca es a we IS regardless of type of weld or t th t ld F1nosh symboi ~ GroovE' ang1e 1nclud~c to be made at a place fOint/eparatoo" . Contour symool~ ;;ngle o! cvunters,,>k other than that of tor plug welds in1toal construction~ ~·• Root opentng depth of lolling Lengtn o• welo
v lor plug and slOt weld~ P·tc" iCf'Oil'•-oo-ce~rer ! Elfect1ve tnroar spac•ngo olwt:lds
Depth of preparatoon soze or
~------------------~------------------------_, : Supplementary Symbols Specofocatoon process. "" A~ w I Arrow ccr~nt>et "" .,.,_ .'------.----.-----.----,------:--------1or other reference I w ~ c · · ' - I
r Contour t s I : /1 e c en IL- p,..h erenc~ hne. to ar<viN ' Wild-All· Field Melt­ Backing, Around Wild Thru Spacer Rush Convex Concave ,/~i f:l \1 sottememoe•ul;olr:t ;
;:11~ •- ~ ~ Wel<.1-.ill-a•ouna symhOI
when reftnence - f\.- Refe•ence tone 1.
,...._ os not used) '-J tN\ ~ E1ements 1n th1S 1
~ ~ Basoc weld symbol Number ot spovor area <("'Tl~l., as. I or detaol reference- proJe<"loon welds ShOwn "' en ta~o .
and arrow are re"'ersed
Basic Joints-Identification of Arrow Side and Other Side of Joint I 1---------=B:..;u:..;tt.:..J.:..Ot.:..·.:..n.:..t__________!--------Co.:...:..r~.ne..::.:.r:..;Jo:..;.;.in.;.:..t ________1- T-Joint ___J
Arrow of Arrow side Arrow Side .~ow of Arrow SideI i welding symbol of pnt ~- of JOint ------.. • _ •• • •. -•- •• I wetd1ng symboJ ol101nt ~ I
/'\.. ....-·· . ·-... IArrawar -----···- I +~-;~--. I ••••--· .-············· • weld1ng symDOI _ I .---::... ;....._:....
~~~Side Jl =-I ... :::.--·· =-~;:;,·~ !_____,
Basic VVetdlng SymbOls and Their Location Significance \
---'---+ ·-·
I Both Sides3E IE -----r---------+---------~--------"iINo Arrow Side ·Not Not Not Not Not Not Not
or Other Sideused used used used used used used 1 Significance
----·----~----------~--------~----------~---------L--------~----------~--------~--------~ Typical Welding Symbols
~---------s-~_t_~__din~g_S~,m-~,__ ____________-+·--------~~~u~ar~e~-~~~~~~~~~in~g~S~y~m~-~~--------~--~R~a~re~·~V~•n~d~F~Ia~re~·~k~v~ei~-G~ro~ft~e~W.~I~di~ng~S~y_m~~~~~~--~ 011entahon.locat1on ~
Depth otlilhng ~ andalld1mens10ns Om1ss10not s1ze / ~/ Rootopen1ng ~ ' •n 1nches {OmIS· 1 , other than depth of 1nd1cates complete --r-:~-~T_---' ' 4 ,.I• '- 1'u s1on 1nd1cates filling a•e shown jOint penetratiOn • 1 ~16S1ze •l> conSidered L flil1ng IS completeI on the drawong \ as e•te~d1ng only
--~~::~~~-~----------------~·::::::::~Roo~t~o~pe~n~~ng~--4---~~-------~to~t~an~g~e~n~tp~o~~n~t~s~~~Roo~~t~ope~n~~n~g~~-- --------·- -:::- Plug Welding Sym~l Clllin Intermittent Fillet W.~ing Sym•t Edge· and Comer- Flange Welding Symbols
r-7~~~~--~ -~~-------r~~~~------~~--~~~--~1 Included angle ~P1tch (distance 3 3> R d ./ ofcounters1nk \ betweencentersl ~ / 1 6 a IUS----..... (~.,,
of welds Depth olfllhng ; •• 1 ~ Size of weld--.' ••. ·.,· ,,), •• 1 ~~ Pttch td1stance tlet-n ~·1 1n onches !OmiS· \ '- centers) ol•ncrernents •
Soze td1ameter SIQn onc:tocates ..l "--- He1ght abOve po1nt of hole at root) _.,'-. f1ll1ng 1S complete) Soze {length of leg) Length Of Increments of tangency
Backgouging Welding Sym•l Back or Backing Welding Sym•l Surfacing ~ding Sym•llndicaling Buill-up Surface
1--- \....J ..r :second reference hne ' 1 e '> 1&1 T L. used lor back goug1ng c "'~r--r---r-
/ ,... .... andweld1ng,as a ~ j'9 UJ Oroentat10n. lOcatiOn ' second operatiOn , ~1'. S1ze theoghl of deposlll and all .)omens10ns
I /, ' 19 161 /.~ 1\o,t' rot.. #ffiiCI•... lhrOit Any appheallle Slngte____........... OmlsSJOn 10d1Cates no other than SIZe arc I' ' ~ 8 ' ~~·~:,:.~ ~.c•""' groove wetd symbO• spec1f1c hetght deSired shown on the draw•ng I·
RaSII or Upset we~ing Sym•l1------------'-------'-------·---- . ....~-~~::;;_U.,...h-l Process reference r must be used to
No arrow side IndiCate process ~ ' '-- Root open1ng 1 or other side desired Depth ot preparatiOn '\.._ sogn1focance Ellect1ve throat Groove angle
Spot Welding S,m•l Double-Bevel-~ove ~ing Sym•l 1-------------::S'"Iz_e_t...,.dl_a_m_e,...te-r.:..:ol;...we....,.ld"")...;_..:...:.·_...;_:_ ----,--:-N-um_be__r o""'t,..we....,.ld:-s------+-------- Arraw poonts toward ·~,--- Root open1ng
Strengrn ton lb per weld) 1 Pttch {distance memtler to be prepared~•I may tle used •nstead ~·~· 1Process reference ;""";' tletween centers) of Omoss10n of s1ze d1rnens10n must tle us~edtoosw 0 '~ • weld IndiCates a totaldep:h , , • , 1ndocate process of preparatoon eoualto ------ e Groove angle desored thiCkness of memtlers "----------1
Seam We~ing Symbol Prajection Welding Sym•l Length of weldS or S.ze {Width of weld) r Pitch (distance between ~ro,ectoon weldong 1ncrernents Strength {1n 11:1 per I / centers) of1ncrements s1ze (strength 1n Ill eterence must tle used~ P•tch tdostance OmiSSIOn 1ndocates that bnear inchl m~0 JO _,:::::,.... ,. rProcess reference per weld) A between centers) 2 . weld extends tletween used 1nstead / ~j ""'" mustoe used to O.ameter of weld may ....... • of welds abtupr changes 1n -~ocate process be used 1nstead lor ,./ ""' U • N 1d. ed """ / , ~ umtler o welds
orect1on or as d1mens1011 '-----~des!!!!Jor~ed!!L______~c~or:::cu~l~ar~p<~O~I~ec~t~lo~n~we~ld~s~====:::·::_____:.~.•~~::::=.______::::=:::..:_:=:_~
Welding Symbols lor Combined Welds Double-FHiet W.lding Symbol
Size {length otlegl-----..... _r--Length , ' / ~ Om•ss1on .noocates!i:US~ :'\.._~. , ~ , / / that ""eld e.rends
Specotocal10n. process. _.....,....~ between aorupt \ or other reference~ changes'" d"ect1on or as d1mens10ned1------------------------------- __.____...______________..,..-----------------------i
Pl'ocess Abbreviations Basic Joints-Identification of Arrow Side and Other Side of Joint
Lap Joint Edge Joint Other sode Arrow s1de Where process allbrev1atoons are to be 1ncluded on rnemtler 01101nt otto1nt tne tall of the weld1ng symbol, reference IS made to
Arraw or ~ • " Table A. DeslgnStlonotWeldlng and Alhed Processes 1
fl~·l::;;:.{foLbyLetters.ofAWS24-79......,.,... .om 71 Arro,..ot weld1ng symbol-
L.J / :<.~ AMERICAN WELDING SOCIETY. INC. Arrow Side }- -t U .IU ~\Ill~ V. :'!h SIH'l"t. \h,unl. f.lt•nJo~ HI~~ member at 101nt
STRUCTURAL STEEL SHAPE DESIGNATIONS) TYPE OF SHAPE
Wide Flange shapes Wide Flange shapes American Standard Beams Miscellaneous shapes
Miscellaneous shapes Miscellaneous shapes American Standard Channels Miscellaneous Channels Miscellaneous Channels Bearing Piles Equal Leg Angle Unequal Leg Angle Structural Tee- Cut from\\' shape Structural Tee- Cut from W shape Structural Tee - Cut from S shape Structural Tee- Cut from M shape Structural Tee- Cut from M shape Structural Tee- Cut from M shape Plates Square Bar Round Bar Flat Bar Square Structural Tubing Rectang1;1lar Structural Tubing Circular Structural Tubing
Pipe - Standard Pipe- Extra Strong Pipe- J;>ouble Extra Strong
Symbol
MC MC HP L L
WT WT ST MT MT MT
R. or PL Bar ¢J Bar 4>
Bar TS TS TS
New Designation
W36 X 300 W 14 X 26 S 24 X 120 M 8 X 18.5 M 10 X 9 M 8 X 34.3 C 12 X 20.7
MC 12 x 45 MC 12 X 10.6 HP 14 X 73 L6x6x% L8x4x%
WT 12 x 38 WT 7 X 13 ST 12 X 50 MT 4 X 9.25 MT 5 X 4.5 MT 4 X 17.15 PL ~~2 X 18 Bar 1 dJ Bar 1~ <t>
Bar 2% x Y2 TS 4x4x .375 TS Sx3x.375 TS 3 ODx .250
Old Designation
36YF 300 14 B 26 24 I 120 8 M 18.5
10 JR 9.0 8x8M34.3
12 JR C 10.6 14 BP 73
L6x6x% L8x4x 1;1 ST 12 'If 38 ST 7 B 13 ST 12 I 50 ST 4 M 9.25 ST 5 JR 4.5 ST 4 M 17.15 R. 18 X Y2
Bar 1 QJ Bar 11/.a <t>
Bar 2% x ~~ Tube 4 x 4 x .375 Tube 5 x 3 x .375 Tube 3 ODx .250
4 Std 4" t Std. Pipe 4 x - Strong 4" ~ Extra Strong Pipe 4 xx - Strong 4"cl> Dble.Ex. StrongPipe
VOL IV Detailing BRIDGE PLANNING AND DESIGN MANUAL July 1974 11-54
) STEEL SHEET THICKNESS DESIGNATIONS
Conversion of steel sheet thickness from gage number to decimals of an inch. Column 1 is for use by the designer in his calculations. Column 2 is for use by the detailer in dimensioning uncoated material
or material to be galvanized after fabrication. Column 3 is for use by the detailer in dimensioning pregalvanized
material.
Gage Min. Thick Nominal Thick Nominal Thick
7 0.171 0.179 0.183
8 .156 .164 .168
9 .142 .150 .153
10 .127 .135 .138
11 .112 .120 .123
12 .097 .105 .108
13 .083 .090 .093
14 .068 .075 .079
16 .055 .060 .064
18 .044 .048 .052
20 .033 .036 .040
22 .027 .030 .034
24 .021 .024 .028
26 .016 • 018 .022
28 .013 .015 .019
Example note for pre-galvanized materials (10 gage):c:J4 2•-o• x 3'-0" x 0.138" ga1v. sheet metal.
Example note for material galvanized after fabrication: ~.6" 9 x 0.135" drain pipe. Ga1v. after fabrication
VOL IV Detailing BRIDGE PLANNING AND DESIGN MANUAL Nov,.mb,.r 1972 11-60
DETAILI.NG EXAMPLE ) \
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' Be''' Ac.s-'"-i] ·j~ LC"'~•14 S!.rar conn~lor IPD>i-;;+­" :' .•.,..,,. (j)
.., '.l" F- /~~__e_-···..~ --~·,.···ff· ii t ~~ --- -- ­
/ "'-- W•bll!5../, =­ ~ ---- -
GIRDER G
I// 1J -••--"~•
___ I-! ~-'8 @ 24 m(H~--+--/4f14__ • ___!_f0{!15 #~41110.1.
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•---•- -------~ --· - ,_ ~~~~------•~•u'>J:~~••---•• ';--..
"L W /weot%, ~ / ~ fVtj) -(~~/Ill!:;= ~~r
GIRDER G
1 Sht:or conmt~lor SP«mg ~l
: ~ -!_,~1~ :l. -- -- ./1=tt/1=-.. ·~·-~~-;-;~;-;-,~~ -:m~:=:;_;~,z--~" II~
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T T lnthrok~ dou.!JI~ ro.t< or <1- ?,(! •8• sMo~r connt:clor~. All o/hcr.s arr! .st""nj;~ row o/'4- '41 ..IJ~ $/;ear connec/or.J.
·­
Tlu:,;reh&tJI 'i!ltsluu;t decl StJrfoc~ illong ~upporl or flea(f~r
SUPPORT Ad.;l.sl J~pporl or t,.wdt:r gradt:s lo curlt'~ wi/Jes. Support 0' lleadt:r ~le!'rZ/i"t;tns wr/1 "
OisiG'Nit:CfiOH
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"' m WEB CAMBER DIAGRAM 0 "'0 .c-o/Jrrcat~ qtr(l~r ~I> ,b curl'~ $1JOwn r Set: lab/~ !Qr rtJif..l"~. fT1 )>
/" 7J".f!{)("e!·~·':JI fJn,snM (/"'* ~:,..rf'~ce ;2/Qn!} z $upp~rl or ~~~Gld~r zj;!
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delermtned ~ flu: £n9meer
NOT TO BE USED FOR DESIGN PURPOSES
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c.r.tulrame (nrdtr Oe/4116 • .site~ Iill . - -- -"""'"'' ,., ~<f' sHr~,.•fr No Scale ~·cep/ a.s nOJ/ed
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-· ·o ..,"'
DETAILS SHOWN ARE FOR EXAMPLE ONLY NOT TO BE USED FOR DESIGN PURPOSES ..... _.
I
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