transfer of technology vs. farmer to farmer
TRANSCRIPT
CASE STUDY NO 02: SUGARCANE IN ASIA
AGRC7049 Extension and Participatory Practice
Natalia Lozano BMS (c) of Rural [email protected]
USED EXTENSION MODEL:TRANSFER OF TECHNOLOGY (ToT)
One species
Training and Visit (T&V)
TRANSFER OF TECHNOLOGY (ToT)
Strong hierarchy
http://www.fao.org/docrep/003/x6946e/x6946e05.jpg
TRANSFER OF TECHNOLOGY (ToT)D
ISA
DV
AN
TAG
ES High operational expenses
No beneficial impacts
Poor level of engagement
Low level of participation
No consideration of social issues
PROPOSED EXTENSION MODEL:FARMER TO FARMER (FtF)
http://practicalaction.org/images/45187-kamayoq.jpg
Farmers learn from each other about new technologies.
“bare-footed” vets in Kenya and Pakistan, “kamayoqs” in Peru
Respect of the cultural and social context of farmers
Emphasis on active farmer participation and learning by doing.
Pillars: farmer innovation and farmer solidarity
PROPOSED EXTENSION MODEL:FARMER TO FARMER (FtF)
Farmer is a community’s active member, dedicated to agriculture
No preference of education level or genre
HORIZONTAL EXTENSION‘..Farmers as the main actors, decision-makers, researchers, testers, adapters and promoters..’ (Hess, 2007)
To be a “bare-footed” vet:
Motivation and Leadership skills
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FARMER TO FARMER (FtF)F
tF F
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1. Selection of Ag. innovation
2. Selection of promoters (kamayoqs)
3. Testing and adaptation of innovation with promoters
4. Training to farmers promoters
5. Supporting the sharing of experiences among farmers
PERU: FARMER TO FARMER (FtF)
Practical Action’s Kamayoq School in Sicuani, Cusco - Peru
De
La T
orre
(20
08)
MINISTERIAL RESOLUTION No. 0224-2012-AG -. Sets out the registration of Kamayoq, Yachachiq and others farmer’s promoters of Andean cultures in the record of Technical Assistance’s Providers of the National Institute of Agrarian Innovation (INIA)
ReferenceGautam, M, 2000 'Agricultural extension: the Kenya experience, an impact evaluation', The World Bank, Washington D.C, USA Gustafson, D, 1994 'Developing sustainable institutions: lessons from cross-case analysis of 24 agricultural extension programmes' Public Administration & Development Vol 14, 121-134
Hellin, J, De La Torre, C, Coello, J & Rodriguez, D. 2006 ‘The kamayoq in Peru: farmer-to-farmer extension and experimentation’ LEISA Magazine 22.3, September 2006
Hess, C. 2007 ‘Reader: Extension and Research Approaches for Rural Development Volume II: Good Practices and Case Studies’ Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ). Bonn, Germany