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Training of drivers and road users education
By:Mahesh Rajoria
General Manager (DTS & LPD), MSILDirector (IDTRs)
Agenda of presentation
Global scenario
India scenario
Lets together make it happen
1.3 million Fatalities per year
50 million Injured per year
Road Safety - A Global scenario
It is expected that in next 20 years, road
traffic injuries will be fifth leading
contributor to global burden of disease &
injury, if no concrete measure is taken
Road Safety-In Contrast
Source: India Today dated 23.11.2009
Fatalities / 1000 vehicles
Ratio – Injured v/s Dead
Road Injuries p.a.
Road Fatalities p.a.
Road Accidents p.a.
Total Vehicles
INDIA
15.7
5:1
4.65 Lakhs
1,14,590
4.18 Lakhs
72.7 Lakhs
U.S.
0.91
69:1
29 Lakhs
42,636
64 Lakhs
470 Lakhs
India, 2nd largest road network, accounts for
• 1% of the world’s vehicles population.
• 6% of the world’s accidents.
• 10 % of the world’s accident fatalities per year.
• 44% of the road fatalities in the Asia –Pacific region.
Road Safety – A national concern
8196678911
80888
84674 85998
9261894968
105749
115590118239
50000
60000
70000
80000
90000
100000
110000
120000
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Deaths due to accidentsPEOPLE KILLED IN ROAD ACCIDENTS IN INDIA
Ref :- Times of India, Date : 16 Nov. 2008
Fatalities due to accidents
India - Every year increasing trend
11.97%10.96% 10.81% 10.21%
7.45%
0.00%
2.00%
4.00%
6.00%
8.00%
10.00%
12.00%
14.00%
Andhra Pradesh Maharashtra Tamil Nadu Uttar Pradesh Karnataka
Fatalities during 2008
Fig in percentage of total road deaths in the top 5 states: TOI 24-Feb-10
(2008)
Road Fatalities - Top 5 states
17.60%
14.30%
8.70%
6.60% 6.40%
5.10%4.30%
3.00% 3.00% 2.90%
2.00%
7.00%
12.00%
17.00%
22.00%
Ref :- India Today, Date : 23 Nov. 2009
Fig in percentage of total road deaths in the top 35 cities: India today 23-Nov-09
Road Fatalities - Top 10 cities
71.9% road deaths takes place in 10 cities
Truck, 21.5
Bus, 11.2
Tempo/Vans, 5.3Jeep, 8.4
Car, 8.7Three Wheeler, 5.7
Two Wheeler, 19.1
Bicycle, 2.7
Pedestrian, 8.8Others, 8.6
Deaths due to accidents
RRef: India Today dated 23.11.2009
Responsible for fatalities
General perception is
• Increasing number of vehicles
Where does the problem lie ?
IS IT THE ACTUAL PROBLEM
Sample This
If
number of vehicles
is a problem -Probably this country
would have maximum rate of
accidents & fatalities
Photo: Highway in China
By improving a combination of following reduces
fatal or serious accidents:
• Vehicles
• Roads
• Laws
• Driver education
How to Reduce Accidents
• Drivers’ fault – 78%
• Pedestrian Fault – 1.4%
• Mechanical Fault in Vehicle – 2%
• Bad Roads – 1.4%
• Others – 17%• Bad weather• Cattle coming in the way• Absence/non-functioning of road signals• Absence of signage
Causes of road accidents in India
What can be the issue – Skill, awareness…
Heterogeneity of traffic.
Lack of enforcement of law.
Inadequate infrastructure.
Low priority on Safety education and
behaviour training
What are other reasons
Simple Road User
That is formation of a Habit or Behavior
Village Road City Road
More… Simple Road Users
Walking any where becomes right
… Simple Road User
Who is going to tell him what is the right way?
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Slow moving vehicles blocks the road
Three lanes – converted into five lanes
Traffic Congestion1 2 3 54
Lanes are there, Traffic Signs are there
… Traffic CongestionStopped in inclined position – obstructing all lanes
Made its own lane
Squeezed in
Are they aware of the loss…
Some More Everyday Dangers
Obstruction & Hazard
One lane occupied by this stopped vehicle
No fear of getting killed
Squeezing in between two vehicles
No Helmet
Lane Driving?
Driving on high speed lane with the minimum speed
Any type of vehicle on any lane at any speed.
Photos of Delhi-Gurgaon Express Way
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Road Discipline – in contrast India:Erratic pattern of driving
Other countries:Plying in middle of the lane
Attitude is leading to this behavior
The road users are not aware of the hazards.
No one is asking them to follow rules.
The behavior becomes habit
Observations
Adopt what others are doing. Solutions adopted from low fatality rate
countries or developed countries may not work.
How to go about
Identify Root Cause, leave out symptoms
We have to start afresh ourselves keeping basic principle same.
Solution lies within us … Change the behavior
Let us analyse,
the following can be attributed this behaviour:
• Lack of awareness
• Attitude – developed when young
• Skill levels – may be too low
• Social environment (includes stress level)
• Use of drugs (alcohol)
Can we Change it
28
For a start, it would be ideal if we acquaint ourselves with some of the facts. Systematic reviews of the scientific literature provide the following insights.4
Educational programmes by themselves are usually insufficient to change overall behaviour: they may increase knowledge, but rarely result in appropriate behaviour change among road users at the societal level.
A few individuals may change their behaviour, but individuals also behave differently on the same day under different circumstances.
Driver education may be necessary for beginners to learn the elementary skills required to obtain a driving licence, but compulsory training in schools leads to early licensing. There is no evidence that such schemes result in reductions in crash rates.
Most attempts at enforcing road traffic legislation do not have any lasting effects, either on road user behaviour or on crash rates, unless the effort is sustained.
Stricter penalties (in the form of higher fines or longer prison sentences) do not affect road user behaviour; imposing stricter penalties often reduces the level of enforcement.
Enforcement of laws against driving under the influence of alcohol, a minimum age for the consumption of alcohol, and sobriety checkpoints are measures that do reduce the incidence of road traffic injuries.
THE NATIONAL MEDICAL JOURNAL OF INDIA (VOL. 17, No.2, 2004 65)
Enforcement Education
The Correlation
Time line
Mag
nitu
de
Both have to go hand in hand … sustained
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What is Needed
• ENFORCEMENT • EDUCATION• TRAINING
For all levels, all segments, all age groups
• ENFORCEMENT • EDUCATION• TRAINING
Sustained
31
Actions for Road Users Education
Affirmative & Positive
Maruti Suzuki’s Focus on Road Safety
To create capacity for good quality driving training:
Develop a network of driving schools
Train the trainers for the driving schools
For over 10 years Maruti Suzuki India Ltd (MSIL) is
Promoting road safety through driving training.Creating driving training infrastructure in the country
Maruti Suzuki & Road Safety
Partnering with the State Governments
Maruti-Suzuki Dealer Network
6 IDTR(Institute of Driving & Traffic Research)
120 MDS(Maruti driving Schools)
6 Lakhs people trained in IDTR
Over 700 trainers trained
1.25 Lakhs people trained across India by Maruti Driving Schools (MDS)
Approx. 50% are women learners
Road Safety Thro’ Driving Education
DelhiWazirabad RoadActivated in March 2000
Sarai kale Khan Activated in Nov. 2006
IDTR Infrastructure
DehradunActivated in November 2009
VadodraActivated in November 2009
IDTR Infrastructure
Scientifically engineered tracksStandard formations for rigorous training / testing.
Hill track of about 60 m length going upto a height of 2 m.
Separate testing areas for LMV , HMV & 3 wheelers.
Provision to run more than 50 vehicles in various categories on the tracks simultaneously.
Infrastructure- Driving Tracks
Structured Curriculum
Interactive classes
Multimedia content
Content for adult learning
Simulators
A tool to create virtual reality environment to learn driving
Helps remove apprehensions of learner drivers
Extensive Exercises to enhances operational skills.
Virtual driving situations - Rain, fog, night, variable traffic density
Modern Technology for Learning
Maruti Driving Schools
Future Road Users
The Network
6 IDTRs in 5 Cities
120 MDS in 90 Cities
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“A safe travel from home to home”“A safe travel from home to home”
DEFENSIVE DRIVING
WISH YOUWISH YOU