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TRAINING MODULES

on

PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY,

PLANT BREEDING AND PLANT PATHOLOGY

Maneet Rana, Neeraj Kumar, Nitish Rattan Bhardwaj, Rekha Balodi, Reetu,

SevaNayak D, Rahul Gajghate, Tejveer Singh, A. Radhakrishnan, KK Dwivedi,

Manoj Srivastava, Geetanjali Sahay, AK Singh and Shahid Ahmed

2018

CROP IMPROVEMENT DIVISION

ICAR- Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute

Gwalior Road, Jhansi-284003, Uttar Pradesh

FOREWARD

"Tell me, and I will forget. Show me, and I may remember. Involve me, and I

will understand" (Confucius, 450 BC).

The radical transformation of agriculture was achieved by the fundamental role of technically

qualified human resource produced through the higher agricultural education system in India

which has resulted in what is fondly called Green Revolution. With time, the problems faced by

agriculture changed,but the quality of human resource produced by the system did not adjust to

the changed demand. This uneven focus and insensitivity to match the skill and knowledge

profile of students with the emerging realities have diminished the relevance and utility of

agricultural education for employability. Efforts are, therefore, necessary to attune agricultural

training curriculum and its delivery to overreach the present day needs and future demands of job

providers with good quality students. This development demands that students should have the

knowledge, skills and above all, they need to be professionals who possess confidence and

competence to analyse an agricultural problem and can suggest solutions to alleviate it. It, thus,

became necessary to develop a conceptual framework, instructions and guidelines for

establishing these ventures and details on practical training modules. It is in pursuit of these

goals that, a series of modules in subject areas of Plant Biotechnology, Plant Breeding, Plant

Pathology and Plant Biochemistry have been formulated by Scientists of Crop Improvement

Division of IGFRI, so that anyone interested in training could get an idea by going through these

modules and subsequently can choose his/her topic for research work. Various guidelines

presented in this module are aimed to enhance understanding of the training objectives and for

providing pragmatic material to the students to take necessary steps towards conceptualising,

planning and implementation of various ideas needed for successful research work. I

congratulate all the scientist involved in the preparation of this training module and wish that

module will help students in getting well-planned research output.

A.K. Mishra

Director

ICAR-IGFRI, Jhansi

PREFACE

Major developments in Science and Technology were witnessed in the 20th

century, which had

an impact on the social and economic scenario at the world level. These changes gradually

influenced the day to day life of people at the grassroots levels including those involved in

agriculture-related science and technology. Agricultural education and extension in India have

been geared to harness the modern science and technology for higher productivity and

production. This has substantially led to reduction of food scarcity in India, but, sustainability of

this achievement is still the primary pursuit. With changed global scenario, agricultural education

would have to be redefined which is a major concern for academics and policymakers and this,

in turn, warrants reforms in agricultural educational systems. One of the biggest challenges

facing the agricultural education in India is to identify its role in training the human resources for

enhanced agricultural productivity and sustainability. Agriculture professionals should

disseminate scientific knowledge, skills and should give training to the student community so

that they can use such skills for better output. As a backup for such a mission, well thought and

precisely drawn training modules needs to be developed, so that trainees are encouraged to adopt

the scientific knowledge to suit to the realities of agricultural research in the present context.

The present modules developed by scientists of Crop Improvement Division is an outcome of

such challenging issues and covers training in the field of Plant Biotechnology, Biochemistry,

Plant Breeding and Plant Pathology. Moreover, the module is nicely drawn so that students who

are coming for dissertation or thesis, will get exposure about the basics as well as advanced

techniques used in the relevant subject, which will lead to quality output from student’s research

work.

Further, authors express their profound gratitude towards Dr A.K. Mishra, Director and Dr R.V.

Kumar, Ex-Director, ICAR-Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi for their

suggestions and encouragement to formulate such a module. Our sincere thanks are due to Head,

Crop Improvement Division for providing necessary support in compiling the information in the

training module. We are also thankful to Incharge (HRD cell) and all others who have been

cooperative in the successful outcome of this module.

Authors

Scientist profile and expertise

Sr. No. Name, Designation and Contact details Area of Specialization

1.

Dr Shahid Ahmed

Pr. Scientist (Plant Breeding)

[email protected]

9453338778

Plant Breeding, Forage

Crop Improvement

2.

Dr Geetanjali Sahay

Pr. Scientist (Cytogenetics)

[email protected]

9415945696

Plant Genetic

Resources,

Legume Breeding and

Cytology

3.

Dr Manoj Srivastava

Pr. Scientist (Plant Biochemistry)

[email protected],

[email protected]

9450067179

Enzymology and

Proteomics

4.

Dr AK Singh

Sr. Scientist (Plant Breeding)

[email protected]

9415134050

Classical Breeding for

morpho-physiological

traits and abiotic stress

5.

Dr KK Dwivedi

Sr. Scientist (Agricultural Biotechnology)

[email protected]

9793164770

Plant Molecular

Biology, Plant Tissue

Culture

6.

Dr Tejveer Singh

Scientist (Plant Breeding andGenetics)

[email protected]

9454546892

Genetics and Breeding

of Forage Crops

7.

MrRadhakrishnan

Scientist (Agricultural Biotechnology)

[email protected]

9198840626

Genomics, Plant

Biotechnology

mailto:[email protected]


mailto:[email protected],%[email protected]





8.

Dr Seva Nayak D,

Scientist (Plant Physiology and Plant

Biochemistry)

[email protected]

9454532027

Stress Physiology,

Molecular Physiology

9.

Dr Maneet Rana

Scientist (Agricultural Biotechnology)

[email protected]

9418832012

Molecular Breeding,

Plant Tissue Culture

10.

Mr Rahul Gajghate

Scientist (Genetics and Plant Breeding)

[email protected]

8317036658

Plant Breeding,

Cytogenetics,

Molecular Breeding

11.

Dr Nitish Rattan Bhardwaj

Scientist (Plant Pathology)

[email protected]

7525060745

Fungal Pathology,

Integrated Biological

Control

12.

Dr RekhaBalodi

Scientist (Plant Pathology)

[email protected]

9718889176

Molecular Plant

Pathology

13.

Mrs Reetu

Scientist (Plant Biochemistry)

[email protected]

9857644151

Plant Biochemistry,

Pesticide Residue

Chemistry

14.

Mr Neeraj Kumar

Scientist (Genetics and Plant Breeding)

[email protected]

7840050122

Molecular Breeding,

Breeding for Abiotic

Stress Tolerance








Facilities/Instrumentation available at Crop Improvement Division

Facilities: Well developed and fully functional labs

1. Biochemistry and Biotechnology laboratory

2. Molecular Breeding and Cytogenetics Laboratory

3. Central Instrumentation Laboratory

4. Tissue culture facility Grasses and Legumes

5. Plant Protection Laboratory

6. Media Preparation Room

7. Medium Term Cold Storage Unit for conserving forage biodiversity

8. DUS testing laboratory with nutritional quality testing instruments

9. Net Houses, Fly Proof-Net house and Glasshouses

10. Well developed farm area as experimental site

Instruments/ Equipment’s:

1. PCR and RT-PCR

2. Electrophoresis (Agarose as well as PAGE) Units

3. Gel documentation system

4. Flow cytometer

5. Spectro-photometer

6. Centrifuge

7. Autoclave

8. Water purification system

9. Stereozoom, Dissecting, Florescent and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopes

10. Deep freezers and Laminar flow

I. Training modules for Plant Biotechnology, Physiology & Biochemistry

Module A: For 15 days’ duration

S. No. Topic Duration

(Days)

1. Introduction to the Division of Crop Improvement and acquaintance with

different labs, farm and greenhouses of the division

3

2. Familiarization with handling and operations of various important

equipment’s in the labs viz. Weighing balance, pH meter, Autoclaves,

LaminarAirflow systems, centrifuges, ultra-centrifuges, different types of

PCR machines, electrophoresis units, Gel documentation systems,

Fluorescent microscope, EC meter, Flame photometer,

Spectrophotometer etc.

4-5

3. Biochemical calculations 4-5

4. Report preparation 2

Module B: For one-month duration


(Days)



2


equipment’s in the labs

2

3. Biochemical calculations 4

Submodules (Only one will be selected for remaining days of training)

4. i. Lab techniques and equipment handling: Weighing balance, pH

meter, Autoclaves, LaminarAirflow systems, centrifuges, ultra-

centrifuges, different types of PCR machines, electrophoresis units,

Gel documentation systems, Fluorescent microscope, etc.

15-18

ii. Enzyme assays: Antioxidant enzyme/ carbohydrate metabolizing

enzyme

iii. Physiological screening techniques: Seedling vigour index,

chlorophyll content (SPAD reading), Relative water content,

Membrane stability index, root volume, shoot and root fresh weight,

root/shoot ratio

iv. Biomolecule analysis: Protein, carbohydrate, chlorophyll

estimation

v. Tissue culture: Its importance; Preparing stock solutions and

glassware (washing, cleaning and autoclaving) for tissue culture

experiments; Media and explant preparation for different tissue

culture experiments like, micropropagation, callus culture, embryo

culture etc., Culturing of explant, Subculturing of cultures etc.

vi. DNA/RNA extraction, quantification and assessment of its

quality: Sample preparation, Preparation of stock solutions,

DNA/RNA isolation, Quality and quantity assessment, Gel

documentation

vii. PCR and its applications: DNA isolation, Quality and quantity

assessment, PCR using random/specific primers, Gel

electrophoresis, Gel documentation, Data analysis

viii. Genomic/Transcriptomic data analysis

ix. Introduction to cytogenetic techniques: Sample fixation, slide

preparation, microscope handling, data analysis


Module C: For 45 days’ duration


(Days)



2

2. Familiarization with handling and operations of various important 2




4. i. Lab techniques, equipment handling and tissue culture:

Weighing balance, pH meter, Autoclaves, LaminarAirflow systems,

centrifuges, ultra-centrifuges, different types of PCR machines,

electrophoresis units, Gel documentation systems, Fluorescent

microscope, etc. Plant tissue culture and its importance; Preparing

stock solutions and glassware (washing, cleaning and autoclaving)

for tissue culture experiments; Media and explant preparation for

different tissue culture experiments like, micropropagation, callus

culture, embryo culture etc., Culturing of explant, Subculturing of

cultures etc.

25-30

ii. Enzyme assays and Biomolecule analysis: Antioxidant enzyme/

carbohydrate metabolizing enzyme, Protein, carbohydrate,

chlorophyll estimation

iii. Physiological tools/techniques and methodology for screening

abiotic stresses in plants: Minimum data set for abiotic stress

experiment (MIASE) theory, Artificial saline water and saline soil

preparation (Soil salinity and plant tolerance), Photosynthetic

pigments analysis in plants (Chlorophyll a, b and carotenoid

content), Chlorophyll Stability Index (CSI), Relative Water Content

(RWC), Membrane Stability Index (MSI), Seedling stress

susceptible Index (SVI), Root Architecture: Root to shoot ratio and

root volume, Effect of salt and drought stress on germination (%),

Seedling vigour index, Stress assessment formulas and stress

tolerance terminology

iv. DNA/RNA extraction, quality and quantity assessment, PCR &

its applications: Sample preparation, Preparation of stock solution,

DNA/RNA isolation, Quality and quantity assessment, PCR using

random/specific primers, Gel electrophoresis, Gel documentation,

Data analysis

v. Genomic/Transcriptomic data analysis and familiarity with

different bioinformatic software’s and pipelines


Module D: For two months’ duration


(Days)



2



2



4. i. Plant tissue culture: Plant tissue culture and its importance;

Preparing stock solutions and glassware (washing, cleaning and

autoclaving) for tissue culture experiments; Media and explant

preparation for different tissue culture experiments like,

micropropagation, callus culture, embryo culture etc., Culturing of

explant, Subculturing of cultures, transferring callus on rooting and

shooting media, Hardening and transferring plantlets to soils

40-45

ii. Effect of Salt/ Heavy metals/ Biomolecules on germination and

growth of different crops

iii. Physiological tools/techniques and methodology for screening

abiotic stresses in plants: Minimum data set for abiotic stress

experiment (MIASE) theory, Artificial saline water and saline soil

preparation (Soil salinity and plant tolerance), Photosynthetic

pigments analysis in plants (Chlorophyll a, b and carotenoid

content), Chlorophyll Stability Index (CSI), Relative Water Content

(RWC), Membrane Stability Index (MSI), Seedling stress

susceptible Index (SVI), Root Architecture: Root to shoot ratio, root

volume and root aerenchyma identification, Effect of salt and

drought stress on germination (%), Seedling vigour index, Stress

assessment formulas and stress tolerance terminology, Data analysis

iv. Partial purification and kinetic analysis of enzymes/ proteins

v. Molecular marker technology: Sample preparation, Preparation of

stock solutions, DNA/RNA isolation, Quality and quantity

assessment, PCR and its applications in agriculture, PCR using

random/specific primers, Gel electrophoresis (Agarose, PAGE), Gel

documentation, Data analysis

vi. Insilico analysis of specific metabolic pathway genes/

transcription factors


II. Training modules for Plant breeding



(Days)


different labs, farm and greenhouses of the division.

2

2. Floral biology, Emasculation, pollination, selfing and crossing techniques in

major forage crops.

3

3. Design of experiment, basic principles: CRD, RBD, Augmented and split

plot

3-5

4. Exposure of students to on-going breeding work of important forage crops.

Recording and collecting data on field trials.

2-3




(Days)

1.

Introduction to the Division of Crop Improvement and acquaintance with


2

2. Floral biology, Emasculation, pollination, selfing and crossing

techniques in major forage crops.

4

3. Design of experiment basic principles: CRD, RBD, Augmented and split

plot

3-4

4. Exposure of students to on-going breeding work of important forage

crops. Recording and collecting data on field trials.

2-3

5. Selection methods in segregating populations, Estimation of heritability,

selection differential and intensity and their relationship and effect on

2-3

genetic gain.


6. i. Techniques in plant tissue culture: Media components and

media preparation, standardization of aseptic conditions for

various explants inoculation, Inoculation of explants, observations

on contaminants occurring in media and Callus induction

10-12

ii. DNA extraction, quantification and assessment of its quality:

Sample preparation, Preparation of stock solutions, DNA

isolation, Quality and quantity assessment and Gel

documentation.

iii. Basic Cytogenetics: Preparation of important stains, Microscopy,

Preparation of slides, Fixing of the materials for mitotic and

meiotic analysis




(Days)



2

2. Floral biology, Emasculation, pollination, selfing and crossing techniques

in the major field and forage crops.

4


plot

3-5

4. Exposure of students to on-going breeding work of important crops.


2-4



2-3

genetic gain.


6. i. Breeding techniques for biotic stress:

Phenotypic screening methods for diseases caused by fungi and

bacteria (Symptoms and data recording) in major forage crops,

Inoculation, isolation and establishment of race(s)/pathotypes

using differential in various forage crop.

20-25

ii. Breeding techniques for Abiotic stress:

Techniques for creation of various stress environments (drought,

Heat, alkalinity and salinity) and recording observations, analysis

of physiological parameters under stress. Screening methodologies

of major crops for abiotic stress: effects and breeding strategy.

iii. Techniques in cytogenetics:

Methods of staining and preparation of temporary and permanent

slides. Chemicals used for fixation, dehydration, staining, cleaning

etc. during cytology. Types of microscopes, preparing specimen

for observation. Studies on the course of mitosis and meiosis in

major forage crops and studying the pollen grain size in various

forage crops.




(Days)



2

2. Floral biology, Emasculation, pollination, selfing and crossing techniques

in the major field and forage crops.

4

3. Basic statistical methods: measures of central tendency, P-value concept

and test of significance, Correlation, regression and path analysis.

4


plot

5



genetic gain.

3

6. Analysis in mating designs: North Carolina Designs, diallel, T.T. cross

and L x T

3

7. Genotype x Environment interaction: Analysis of variance over multiple

environments, Stability models and estimation of stability indices.

3

8. Exposure of students to on-going breeding work of important crops.


4

9. Data analytics: use of the online tool and computer packages in plant

breeding (SAS, STAR, PB tools, QTL cartographer etc.)

5


10. i. Breeding techniques for biotic stress:

Phenotypic screening methods for diseases caused by fungi and

bacteria (Symptoms and data recording) in major forage crops,

Inoculation, isolation and establishment of race(s)/pathotypes

using differential in various crop plants.

20-25

ii. Breeding techniques for Abiotic stress:

Techniques for creation of various stress environments (drought,

Heat, alkalinity and salinity) and recording observations, analysis

of physiological parameters under stress. Screening methodologies

of major crops for abiotic stress: effects and breeding strategy

iii. Techniques in molecular breeding:

Sample preparation, Preparation of stock solutions, DNA/RNA

isolation, Quality and quantity assessment Types of molecular

markers, PCR and its applications in Plant breeding, primer

designing, PCR using random/specific primers, Gel

electrophoresis (Agarose, PAGE), Gel documentation.

iv. Techniques in cytogenetics:

Methods of staining and preparation of temporary and permanent

slides. Chemicals used for fixation, dehydration, staining, cleaning

etc. during cytology. Types of microscopes, preparing specimen

for observation. Studies on the course of mitosis and Studies on

the course of meiosis in major forage crops and studying the

pollen grain size in various forage crops.


III. Training modules for Plant Pathology



(Days)



3

2. Familiarization with basic equipment’s used in plant pathology viz.

Autoclave, LaminarAirflow, BOD incubator, Refrigerator, microscope,

pH meter, Weighing balance, colony counter, haemocytometer,

centrifuge, ultra-centrifuge, different types of PCR machines,

electrophoresis units, Gel documentation systems etc.

1-2

3. Understanding plant diseases, common signs and symptoms of plant

diseases.

2-3

4. Preparation and sterilization of media, isolation of plant pathogens from

different plant parts (leaf, roots etc.), purification of plant pathogens

using different methods (single spore method, hyphal tip method, and

single cfu method) and basic microscopy to identify the pathogen

spore/mycelial characteristics.

4-5




(Days)



2

2. Familiarization with basic equipment’s/techniques in plant pathology 2

3. Understanding plant diseases, common signs and symptoms of plant 4

diseases


4. i. Familiarization with basic equipment’s and techniques in plant

pathology: Autoclave, LaminarAirflow, BOD incubator,

Refrigerator, Weighing balance, pH meter, centrifuge, colony

counter, haemocytometer, slide preparation (Temporary and

permanent mounts), microscopy, Preparation and sterilization of

media, isolation of plant pathogens form leaf, roots etc.,

purification of plant pathogens using different methods (single

spore method, hyphal tip method and single cfu method),

preservation and subculturing of pathogens.

15-18

ii. Basics of biological control of plant pathogens:Isolation of

potential antagonist from soil/rhizosphere using serial dilution

technique, morphological and cultural characterization of antagonist,

evaluation of antagonistic activity of biocontrol agent.

iii. DNA/RNA extraction from plant pathogens, quantification and

assessment of its quality: Preparation of stock solutions, Sample

preparation, DNA/RNA isolation, Quality and quantity assessment,

Gel documentation.




(Days)



2



2


pathogens


4. i. Familiarization with basic equipment’s and techniques in plant

pathology: Autoclave, LaminarAirflow, BOD incubator,

Refrigerator, Weighing balance, pH meter, colony counter,

haemocytometer, microscopy, slide preparation (Temporary and

permanent mounts), Preparation and sterilization of media,

isolation of plant pathogens form leaf, roots etc., purification of

plant pathogens, preliminary identification of the pathogen with

the help of microscopy, morphological and cultural characteristics

and determination of Koch’s postulates.

25-30

ii. Understanding induced resistance in plants: Challenge

inoculation of plants with pathogen/biocontrol agent and

estimation of the level of antioxidant and defence enzymes.

iii. Molecular techniques in plant pathology: Preparation of mycelia

mats/broth culture of fungi/bacteria, Preparation of stock solutions,

DNA/RNA isolation, Quality and quantity assessment, Designing

of random/specific primers, PCR using random/specific primers,

Gel electrophoresis, Gel documentation and Data analysis.




(Days)



2



2


pathogens


4. i. Isolation, purification and identification of plant pathogens:

Preparation and sterilization of media, isolation of plant

pathogens form leaf, roots etc., purification of plant pathogens

using different methods (single spore method, hyphal tip method

and single cfu method), preservation and subculturing of

pathogens, identification of the plant pathogen with the help of

microscopy, morphological, cultural, molecular techniques and

determination of Koch’s postulates.

35-40

ii. Basics of biological control of plant pathogens:Isolation of

potential antagonist from soil/rhizosphere using serial dilution

technique, morphological and cultural characterization of

antagonist, growth inhibition assays and determination of

enzymes, diffusible/non-diffusible metabolites from the

biocontrol agents.

iii. Molecular techniques in plant pathology: Preparation of

mycelia mats/broth culture of fungi/bacteria, Preparation of stock

solutions, DNA/RNA isolation, Quality and quantity assessment,

Designing of random/specific primers, PCR using

random/specific primers, Gel electrophoresis (Agarose, PAGE),

Gel documentation and Data analysis.


Guidelines for the students to conduct research as trainees at ICAR institutions

(Revised in ICAR 230th GB meeting held on 12.03.2014)

1. OBJECTIVE

Promotion of quality postgraduate research and training in cutting-edge areas by facilitating

students to seek specialized guidance and facilities of ICAR Research Institutes.

2. SCOPE

The guidelines shall be uniform across entire ICAR-AU System and applicable only to those

institutions where there exists a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) between ICAR

Research Institutes and the University/Deemed-to-be-University (DU) seeking Collaboration.

The University/ DU may be within National Agriculture Research System (AUs/ICAR DUs) or

outside NARS (Central/ State Govt./ Public Sector funded institutions/ State Universities/ PSU/

Autonomous bodies/ Statutory Corporations/ Private Universities or Institutions). The ICAR

research Institute may ensure that the MOU promotes the major function of the institute

/laboratories.

3. TERMS AND CONDITIONS

3.1 GENERAL

1. A faculty member of any ICAR research institute could admit the student(s) directly for

research work with the prior approval of the Head of the Institution. The ICAR institute will

receive students in subjects in consonance with the mandate and approved disciplines.

2. The number of students allocated to the Major Advisor/Major Guide normally may not

exceed two at a given time, irrespective of the nature of degree programme (Master’s or

Doctoral). However, Director/VC of the University concerned may decide and take final

decision in this regard based on the requirement, available manpower and research

infrastructure.

3. RAs/SRFs, who have completed their coursework and are working under different research

projects in an Institute may be permitted to join a degree programme only with a University

recognized by UGC/ICAR-AU system with bilateral MOU on IPR issues. However, PI of the

project with the approval of Director may have to issue a certificate that the regular research

work of the project will not be hampered on account of joining of RA/SRF for the degree

programme. The RA/SRF will not avail leave for completing the research work for the

degree.

4. The partnering institute(s) would be expected to make reasonable contribution in the form of

intellectual input to the student’s research problem and may not merely serve as a source of

providing samples/facilities for the study.

5. The revenue generated from the fees will be treated as institute’s internal resource generation

for all purposes. Other mandatory requirements to be met in such cases shall be met out of

the budgetary provisions under Non-Plan: Other Contingencies.

3.2 SPECIFIC

Based upon student’s parent institution, the guidelines may be categorised into two heads as

under:

3.2.1. Within National Agricultural Research System (AU/DU to ICAR Institute)

A. Advisor/Guide

(i) The criterion for allocation of Major Guide/Advisor will primarily be governed by the

intellectual input and time duration devoted for carrying out the research work at a particular

institution. It may be decided by mutual consent, keeping in view the MOU signed between

partnering institutions. If the major guide is from ICAR Institute, the co-guide will be from

partnering university and vice-versa.

(ii) The ICAR scientists pursuing their PhD degrees after completing their PhD coursework at

ICAR-DUs may be allowed to do their research work at the institute where they are posted,

in view of shortage of scientists/faculty.

B. Fee Structure

If a student registered with AU/DU intends to carry out the research work at ICAR Institute,

latter may not charge any fee from the registering institution/student, except the hostel

accommodation charges, etc. However, if a student registers with AU/DU after qualifying

through competitive mode of ICAR’s All India Entrance Examination for Admission to

Master’s/PhD and is awarded fellowship for pursuing Master’s or Doctoral degree programme

by any sponsoring institution [e.g. ICAR-JRF(PGS)/ICAR-SRF(PGS)/CSIR-UGC-JRF/CSIR-

SRF], the contingency grant awarded to the student may be transferred to the institution where

major part of the research work would be carried out and regulated by the provisions contained

in the guidelines of sponsoring institution.

C. Publications

(i) The student would invariably be the senior author for the publications arising out of the

research work conducted at the AU/DU/Institutes, followed by Major Guide/Advisor and Co-

Major Advisor/Co-Guide in that order. The names of additional co-authors, depending upon

their contribution in the research work, may be decided by mutual consent between the

student and Major Guide/Advisor.

(ii) The partnering institutions may ensure that the institute should ensure that the student

submits atleast one paper from Master’s thesis and two papers from Ph.D. thesis before thesis

submission in order to prevent students leaving the institute(s) without any research

publication from the thesis.

D. Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs)

A separate clause regarding management of IPR issues will be incorporated in the MOU signed

between partnering AU and ICAR Institute. The student will be expected to protect the

Intellectual Property Rights generated or likely to be generated during his/her research work. The

IPRs shall rest with the institution where the major part of the research work was carried out by

the student. In the event of equal amount of work being carried out at both the AU/DU and ICAR

Institute, patents/protections/knowledge generated will be shared in proportion as per the ‘ICAR

Guidelines for Intellectual Property Management and Technology Transfer/Commercialization’

as amended from time to time.

3.2.2 Outside National Agricultural Research System (Central/State Govt./ Public Sector

funded institutions/ State Universities/ PSU/ Autonomous bodies/ Statutory

Corporations/ Private Universities or institutions)

A. Advisor/Guide

(i) The requirements for Major Advisor/Guide shall be the same as per para 3.2.1

(i) above for students in National Agricultural Research System (AU/DU to ICAR Institute).

(ii) T

he objective(s) for research work for a student coming from such an institution should be

exclusively different as far as possible.

B. Fee

Structure

The students shall be uniformly charged a fee of Rs. 20,000/- for training/research/dissertation

up to duration of 3 months and @ Rs. 30,000/- per semester for the work exceeding three

months. The fee structure is to be reviewed periodically after two years by the AU/DU or the

ICAR Institute, as the case may be. However, the students may be charged a fee of Rs. 10,000/-

for training duration of three months not leading to a dissertation/degree.

C. Pub

lications

The requirements for Publications shall be the same as per para 3.2.1(C) above for students in

National Agricultural Research System (AU/DU to ICAR).

D. Inte

llectual Property Rights (IPRs)

A separate clause regarding management of IPR issues will be incorporated in the MOU signed

between partnering AU/ ICAR Institute, exclusively for the students coming from Central/State

Govt./Public Sector funded institutions/ PSU/Autonomous bodies/Statutory Corporations.

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