ETROLO

U NA P

[TGS7404]

Dr. Hill. Gendoet Hartono

Semester 7, 2017-2018

2 SKS teori

GI BA

GI

T UAN

PENDAHULUAN 1X

Berisi tentang latarbelakang, bumi, batuan beku dan

batuan gunung api, dan kedudukan di bidang geologi

TATAAN TEKTONIK 2X

Berisi tentang tektonik global, regim tektonik, dan

peranannya dalam magmatisme dan volkanisme

GENERASI MAGMA 2X

Berisi tentang magmatisme, diagram fase

KLASIFIKASI 2X

Klasifikasi magma atau afinitas magma

Rock Forming Mineral 1X

Kimia Mineral Pembentuk Batuan 1X

Petrologi Batuan Intrusi Dangkal 2X

Petrologi Batuan Ekstrusi 2X

Alterasi Batuan Gunung Api 1X

Igneous rocks are classified on the basis of mineralogy, chemistry,

and texture. As discussed earlier, texture is used to subdivide

igneous rocks into two major groups:

(1) the plutonic rocks, with mineral grain sizes that are visible to the

naked eye, and

(2) the volcanic rocks, which are usually too fine-grained or glassy

for their mineral composition to be observed without the use of

a petrographic microscope. As noted in the sidebar to the left,

this is largely a genetic classification based on the depth of

origin of the rock (volcanic at or near the surface, and plutonic

at depth). Remember that porphyritic rocks have spent time in

both worlds. Let's first examine the classification of plutonic

rocks.

Composite cross section of Mount Hood in Oregon.

(Based on work by Wise, 1968; Williams et al. , 1982; Priest, 1982.)

Block diagram illustrating the

various scenarios of volcano

emplacement along faults

discussed for examples of the

Newer Volcanics Province. a)

Crustal fault parallel to σ1

creating a pathway to the surface

and preventing the dike stalling

and forming a sill. b) Crustal fault

perpendicular to σ1 creating a

pathway to the surface, with

shallow sill formation occurring in

the poorly consolidated basin

sediments (i.e. Otway Basin). c)

Pre-existing structure acted upon

by compressive forces forming

transtensional zone acting as a

pathway for magma transport to

the surface (Van Otterloo et al.,

2014), and potentially causing

batch melting (Lesti et al., 2008)

(Trajectory of transtension zone

through lithosphere is not to

scale).

(a)Map of the British and Irish

Palaeogene Igneous

Province highlighting the

positions of plateau basalts,

central complexes

(including Ardnamurchan,

Mull and Skye) and the

NW–SE regional dyke

swarm (after Emeleus and

Bell, 2005).

(b)Cone sheet emplacement

model (after Anderson,

1936) where overpressure

within the magma

chamber imparts a local

stress field favouring

formation of new inverted

conical fractures, intruded

to form cone sheets.

Drawing illustrating the complexity of volcanic plumbing systems