Topic: Patterns of Migration (Global and Domestic)

• Aim: Where do people migrate to/from?

International Migration Patterns

• Approximately 9 percent of the world’s people are international migrants

• 3 largest flows of migrants:– Asia Europe– Asia North America– Latin America North America

• Global pattern reflects migration tendencies from developing countries to developed countries– Net out-migration

• Asia, Latin America, Africa

– Net in-migration• North America, Europe, and Oceania

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

GLOBAL MIGRATION PATTERNS The width of the arrows shows the amount of net migration between regions of the world. Countries with net in-migration are in red, and those with net outmigration are in blue

NY Times Global Migration Map:

• http://www.nytimes.com/ref/world/20070622_CAPEVERDE_GRAPHIC.html

FRQ Review• Core-periphery

– Core regions: wealthy and dominant– Periphery regions: poor; dependent on the core– People usually migrate from the periphery to the core

• Distance decay– Farther away, less interaction less knowledge/understanding

about a place• Mitigating pull factor

– People more likely to migrate to a place that’s not as far away

• Chain migration– Related to kinship links– People often migrate to a place where family/friends have found

success

Refugee Stories: Mapping a Crisis

• Video assignment discussion

• Key terms: What does it mean for someone to apply for asylum?

• Mapping the Global Crisis– Why might such large numbers of people be

leaving their homes in these places?– Why might refugees go to certain countries?– How does location affect where refugees go?

• Mapping One Refugee’s Journey

Groups:Mapping One Refugee’s Journey

• Ahmet – Brian, Kelsey, Noah• Awad – Anthony F, Chuck, Julia • Hosein – Sam, Travis, Sasan, Anthony C• Shahad – Maggie, Jerry, Carter• Shookrullah – Alexandra, Nick, Michael, Chris• Yasser – Kevin, Lucas, Austin• Sahara – Francesca, Dan, Jake, Liam

Refugees’ Journeys

• What reasons did people give for leaving their countries of origin?

• How were the stories similar and different?

• What challenges do refugees face?

Syrian Refugee Crisis

• Video: Drone Footage from Syria• Infographic: Death in Syria• Video: Death at Sea• Video: We Walk Together

– “To be or not to be, that is the question. We will be.”

– How far is it from Budapest, Hungary to Vienna, Austria?

What should be done?

• Who should be responsible for helping refugees?– Consider people, organizations,

governments

• What should they do?

• What role should the U.S. play?

U.S. Immigration Patterns

• Aim: How have patterns of immigration Aim: How have patterns of immigration changed throughout the history of the changed throughout the history of the United States?United States?

• Do Now: What were the three main Do Now: What were the three main eras of immigration to the U.S.?eras of immigration to the U.S.?

Where do immigrants to the United States come from? •A new Pew report finds that this has been slowly changing over time

– 1992, most legal immigrants from Latin America and Europe

– By 2012, more likely to come from Asia and Africa

The Changing Origins of U.S. Immigration, May 2013

U.S. Immigration Patterns• U.S. has more foreign-born residents than any

other country– Approximately 43 million as of 2010– Growing by 1 million annually

• Three main eras of immigration in the U.S.– Colonial settlement in 17th and 18th centuries

• From Europe and Sub-Saharan Africa

– Mass European immigration in the 19th and early 20th centuries

• Early phase: northern/western Europe• Later: southern/eastern Europe

– Asian and Latin American immigration in the late 20th and early 21st centuries

© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.

HOW HAVE AMERICANS RESPONDED TO IMMIGRATION?

• Destinations of U.S. Immigrants - ethnic neighborhoods (enclaves) often result of…

• Chain migration: the migration of people to a specific location due to relatives or members of same nationality having moved there as well.– Scandinavian: Minnesota, North Dakota, UP Michigan– Mexicans: California, Texas, New Mexico, Arizona– Caribbean: Florida & New York– Chinese and Indians: New York & California– Other Asians: (Filipino, Vietnamese, etc.): California

The Lower East Side is one of the oldest neighborhoods in city and has been a home to countless new immigrant communities

from all over the world.

U.S. Immigration Policies• No such thing as “illegal” immigrant until… • 1882: Chinese Exclusion Act• 1910: Set quotas at 3% of already immigrated per country• 1924: Lowered quotas to 2% of 1890 numbers• 1929: 150,000 / year• 1965: Abolished quota system

– 120,000 from Americas / 170,000 from everywhere else

• 1986: Criminalized employing illegal immigrants– Granted amnesty to almost 3 million– "I believe in the idea of amnesty for those who have put down roots and lived

here, even though sometime back they may have entered illegally" 

• Ronald Reagan, 1984

“The New Colossus,” by Emma Lazarus (1883)

“Give me your tired, your poor,

Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free,

The wretched refuse of your teeming shore.

Send these, the homeless, tempest-tossed, to me:

I lift my lamp beside the golden door.”

Migration from Latin America to the United States

U.S. Immigration Policy Today• Video: “America’s 11 Million”• Obama administration

– > 2 million unauthorized immigrants deported during first five years

– 2012 executive action gave temporary reprieve to > 800,000 undocumented young people

• Came to the United States before age 16, have lived here for at least five years, and are in school, are high school graduates or are military veterans in good standing

• Not permanent legal status

– Expanded in 2014, gave reprieve to about 5 million more– Challenged in federal appeals court Monday

Evaluating Options

• “U.S. Immigration Policy: What Should We Do?”

• Work with a partner• Examine all four options in the packet, noting

what you like and don’t like about each option• Answer the questions on the “Your Own

Option” sheet on separate paper so you have enough room