Topic: Describing Matter

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Properties – used to characterize

matter

Physical –how they look

Chemical – how they react with

others

Physical Properties

Physical Properties•Describe the appearance

and form of matter

Words: • color, texture, luster, odor, solid, liquid, gasMeasurements:

• a number and a unit

Chemical Properties

Chemical Properties• Describe how matter behaves

in presence of other matter• Describe how matter changes

into another kind of matter– Flammable– Corrosive– Ability to neutralize acids or

bases

Physical or Chemical?

• Reddish brown• Forms new substances with HNO3

• MP = 1085C• Density = 8.92 g/cm3

• Reacts to form green copper carbonate

• Shiny• Malleable• BP = 2570C

- physical

- physical

- physical

- physical- physical

- physical

- chemical

- chemical

Matter goes through changes

Changes

Physical – identity remains

the same

Chemical – identity of

matter changes

Physical Change

Physical Change• The form or appearance of sample

may change but identity remains same– Cutting, crushing, grinding,tearing– Phase changes– Dissolving

• Dissolving is physical change• Think of sugar in water

•still have sugar – you just spread it out with water molecules in between

• C6H12O6(s) C6H12O6(aq)

Aq = dissolved in water

• Phase changes are physical changes

• No new substance is created (chemical formula stays the same)

• Ex: •ice melting: H2O(s) H2O(l)

•water boiling: H2O (l) H2O(g)

Chemical Change•chemical change - identity of

matter is changed•new substance with unique

properties is formed•Example - burning•The chemical formula changes•Ex: 2H2O(l) 2H2(g) + O2(g)

Evidence of Chemical a Chemical Change

• Bubbles (formation of a gas)

• Color change• Heat• Light• Formation of a

precipitate (new substance)