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TOPIC: CHEMICAL REACTIONS & EQUATIONS

1. 2 2 22  (  )   2        H O l H g O g

2. 2

2

   WaterCalcium oxide Calcium hydroxide

heatCaO s H O Ca OH aq

3. 2 4 2 4

( )   heat

Barium hydroxide Ammonium chloride Barium chloride Ammonium hydroxide

Ba OH NH Cl BaCl NH OH

4. 2 Mg O gOM

5. 3 2 2

otassium itriteP N OxygenP Notassium itrate

KNO KNO O

6. 2 4 4 2Zn H SO ZnSO H

7. 450 200

2 2 33 2 C atm

FeN H NH

8. 2 2 22 2OxyHydrogen gen Water

H O H O

9. 22 2OxygeMagnesium Magnesium oxiden

Mg O MgO

10. 3 4

Ammonium chlorideAmmonia Hydrogen chloride

NH HCl NH Cl

11. 2 3Calcium oxide Carbondiox Calcium carbide onate

CaO CO CaCO

12. 2 22 2 Oxygen Carbon dioxideCarbon monoxide

CO O CO

13. 2 2 32 2Sulphur dioxide Oxyg Sulphur trioxiden e

SO O SO

14. 3 2CaCO CaO CO

15. 2 2

Yellow residue Reddish Brown Gas

3 22 2 4

Lead Oxide NLe itrogen dioxide Oxygenad Nitrate

Pb OPbO ONO N

16.

2

Reddish brown

4 2 3 2 37 2

green

2 .7H O

Ferrous sulphate Ferric oxide su

smell of bu

lphur dioxide sulphur tri

rning sulphur

oxide

HFeSO s Fe OO s SO g SO g

17. 2 2 22 2electricityH O H O

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18. 22 2electricity

Molten Sodium Chloride ChlorineGasSodiumMetal

NaCl Na Cl

19. Molten Aluminium Oxide

2 3 2Oxygen gasAluminium

2 4 3 ElectricityAl O Al O

20.

2ilver ChlorideS ilver ChlorineS

(Grey)White

2 2 sunlight

AgCl Ag Cl

21.

Yellow Grey

Silver Bromide Silver Bromi2ne

2 2 sunlightAgBr Ag Br

22. 2 2 2 22 2sunlight

OxygenHydrogen peroxide water

H O H O O

23.

3 3 2 

(Re ) ( )( ) ( )

2 2Copper SilverSilver nitrate Copper II nitrate

ddish brown Silvery whiteColourless Blue

Cu AgNO Cu NO Ag

24. 4 4Re

( ) ( )( ) ( )Blsilvery white ddish brue Colourles ns ow

Zn s CuSO ZnSO Cu saq aq

25. ( )

2 22 2Brown

NaBr Cl NaCl Br

26. 3 3

(White ppt.)

( ) ( ) ( ) Sodium NitrateSilver ChlorideSilver NitrateSodium Chloride

NaCl aq AgNO AgCl NaN qOaq a

27. 2 2 4 4

( )

C2 ( )( ) ( )

BariumChloride Sodium Sulphate Barium sulphatewhite precipitate

Sodium hlorideBaCl Na SO BaSO NaCl aqaq aq

28. 2 4 4 2F S H Serrous ulphate ydrogen ulphideFerrous Sulphide Sulphuric Acid

FeS H SO FeSO H S

29.

( .)

4 2 2 4ydrogen ulphide opper ulphideopper ulphate S C SC S Sulphuric AcidH

)) ( )((

black ppt

CuSO H S g Cu aqS H SOaq

30. 3 2 32

( ) ( .) ( )( )

2 ( ) 2 (( ) )Potassium Iodide Lead Iodide Potassium NitrateLead nitrate

colourless Yellow ppt colourlesscolourless

Pb NO KI aq PbI KNO aqaq

31. 2Hydrochloric Acid Sodium Hydroxide Sodium Chloride Water

HCl NaOH NaCl H O

32. 2 4 2 4 2( ) 2Sulphuric Acid Magnesium Hydroxide Magnesium Sulphate Water

H SO Mg OH MgSO H O

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33. 22 2OxygenCalcium Calcium xideO

Ca O CaO

34. 2 2 32 2

Sulphur dioxide Oxygen Sulphurtrioxide

SO O SO

35. 2 22

Hydrogen chloride Chlorine Hydrogen

HCl Cl H

36. 2 2    2 Cl H S HCl S

37. 2 2 34 3 2Fe O Fe O

38. CuO + H2 → Cu + H2O

39. 2 2 heat lightC O CO

40. 2 agnesiumM Magnesium Oxide

2 2 Heat LightMg O MgO

41. 4 2 2 22 2 Heat Light

Carbondiomethane O xidegas watervapourxygen

CH O CO H O

42. 6 12 6 2 2 2

xygen arbon ioxide aterGlucose C D WO

6 6 6 nergyC H O O CO H O E

43.

Iron Oxygen Moisture Hydrated Ferric oxide

From moist ai

2 2 2 3 2

r

2 3/2    .

Brown

Fe s O g xH O l Fe O xH O s

44.

2 2 2Silver Hydrogen sulphide Silver Sulphide

From air Black

2Ag s H S g Ag S s H g

45.

2 2 2 3 22

Copper Basic Copper CarbonateFrom moist air

Green

Cu s CO g O g H O l CuCO Cu OH

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TOPIC: ACIDS, BASED AND SALTS

1. 2 2( ) 2Hydrochloric acid HydrogenZinc chlorideZinc

Zn s HCl l ZnCl s H

2. 2

2 2   2 Sodium chloride HydrogenHydrochloric acidSodium

Na s HCl l NaCl aq H g

3. 2 2 2Iron Hydrochloric a Hydrcid Ferrouschlori nde oge

Fe s HCl aq FeCl aq H g

4. 2 4 4 2     Sulphuric acid Zinc sulphate HydrogeZi nnc

Zn s H SO l ZnSO aq H g

5. 2 3 2 22 2Carbon dioxideHydrochloric acid WaterSodium ChlorideSodium Carbonate

Na CO HCl NaCl CO H O

6. 3 2 2 2  2

Carbon dioxide WaterMagnesium ChlorideHydrochloric acidMagnesium Carbonate

MgCO HCl MgCl CO H O

7. 3 2 4 4 2 2

Carbon dioxide WaterSulphuric aci Calcium sulphatedCalcium Carbonate

CaCO H SO CaSO CO H O

8. 3 2 2

WaterCarbon dioxideSodium biocarbonate Hydrochloric acid Sodium Chloride

NaHCO HCl NaCl CO H O

9. 3 2 4 2 4 2 22 2 2WaterCarbon dioxideSodium sulphateSulphuric acidSodium bicarbonate

NaHCO H SO Na SO CO H O

10.

2 232

limCarbon diox WateideCalcium hydroxide Calcim Carbonate

e water Whitr

e ppt

Ca OH CO CaC HO O

11. 2 3 223Carbon dioxide Water Calcium Hydrogen Carbonate

White ppt

Calcium carbonate

CaCO s C CO g H O l a HCO

12. 2( )  ( ) ( )   ( )Neutralisation

WaterHydrochloric Acid Sodium Hydroxide Sodium Chloride

HCl aq NaOH aq NaCl aq H O l

13. 2 2 22 ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 2 ( )Calcium Chloride WaterCalcium HydroxideHydrochloric Acid

HCl aq Ca OH aq CaCl aq H O l

14. 2 4 2 4 2( )  2 ( )    ( )   2 ( )Sodium Hydroxide WaterSulphuric Acid Sodium Sulphate

H SO aq NaOH aq Na SO aq H O l

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15. 3 3  2( ) ( )   ( )

Sodium Nitrate WaterNitric Acid Sodium Hydorxide

HNO aq NaOH aq NaNO H O l

16. 2 22Calcium Chloride WaterHydrochloric Acid Calcium Oxide

HCl aq CaO aq CaCl H O l

17. 2 4 4 2 Neutralisation

Zinc SulphateZinc oxide WaterSulphuric acid

H SO ZnO ZnSO H O

18. 2 3 3 2

luminiluminium um

6 2Hydrochloric acid A Oxi A chlde Waorid re te

HCl Al O AlCl H O

19. 2 2 2ydrogenSodium  ydroxide Sodium ZincateZinc HH

2    NaOH aq Zn s Na ZnO aq H g

20. 2 2 22 2 2 2 2WaterSodium hydroxide Aluminium Sodium aluminate Hydrogen

NaOH s Al s H O NaAlO aq H g

21.  

2 4 2 4 22 ( ) ( )   2 ( )Neutralisation reaction

Sulphuric acid Sodium Sulphate WaterSodium Hydroxide

NaOH aq H SO Na SO aq H O l

22. 2 2 2( ) ( ) 2 ( ) ( ) 2 ( )Magnesium hydroxide Magnesium chloride WaterHydrochloric Acid

Mg OH aq HCl aq MgCl aq H O l

23. 2 2 3 2Sodium arbonate WaterCCarbon dioxideSodium hydroxide

2 +NaOH aq CO g a C HN O O

24. 2 2 3 2Calcium  ydroxide Carbon dioxide Calcium  arbonateCH Water

( ) ( ) ( )   ( )Ca OH aq CO g CaCO s H O l

25. 2 4 4conc. Heat

Sodium Chloride Sulphuric acid Sodium hydrogen Hydrogen chloridesulphate

NaCl H SO NaHSO HCl

26.

3 3

ppt.Silver nitrate Sodium chloride Silver chloride Sodium Nitrate

AgNO aq NaCl aq AgCl s NaNO aq

27. 2 2 3 2CaOCl CO CaCO Cl

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28. 2 2 2 22Bleaching powder Calcium chloride WaterHydrochloric acid Chlorine

CaOCl HCl CaCl H O Cl

29. 2 2 4 4 2 2Bleaching powder Calcium sulphate WaterSulphuric acid Chlorine

CaOCl H SO CaSO H O Cl

30. 2 2 4 4 22 2Bleaching powder Calcium sulphate Calcium chloride pSulphuric acid Hy ochlorous acid

CaOCl H SO CaSO CaCl HClO

31. 2 3 2 4 3

Ammonia Ammonium chlorideSodium chloride Sodium bicarbonateCarbon dioxide Water

NaCl CO NH H O NH Cl NaHCO

32. 3 2 3 2 2WaterSodium icarbonate Sodium arbonate Carbon dioxideB C

2Heat

NaHCO Na CO CO H O

33. 3 2 2NaHCO HCl NaCl H O CO

34. 3 2 4 2 4 2 22NaHCO H SO Na SO CO H O

35. 2 3 2 4 3

Sodium chloride WaterCarbon dioxide Ammonia Ammonium chloride Sodium bicarbonate

NaCl CO NH H O NH Cl NaHCO

36. 3 2 3 2 2

heat

Sodium bicarbonate Sodium carbonate Carbon dioxide Water

NaHCO Na CO CO H O

37.

2 3 2 2 3 2 2.10 . 9WaterSodium carbonateWashing Soda

monohydrateSodium carbonate decahydrate

Na CO H O Na CO H O H O

38.

2 3 2 2 3 2.10 10WaterWashing Soda Anhydrous Sodium Carbonate

Sodium Carbonate decahydrate Soda ash

Na CO H O Na CO H O

39. 4 2 4 2 2Gypsum  WaterPlaster of Paris

100. 2      ½ 1½ .

upto CCaSO H O CaSO H O H O

40. 4 2 2 4 2Water  GypsumPlaster of Paris

. ½ 1 ½ .2CaSO H O H O CaSO H O

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TOPIC: METALS AND NON-METALS

1. 2 24 2

Potassium Oxygen Potassium oxide

K O K O

2. 2 24 2

Sodium Oxygen Sodium oxide

Na O Na O

3. 22 2

Magnesium Magnesium oxideOxygen

Mg O MgO

4. 2 2 3

Aluminium Oxygen Aluminium oxide

4 3 2Al O Al O

5. 22 2

Zinc Oxygen Zinc oxide

Zn O ZnO

6.

2 3 4,

3 2 heat

Iron Oxygen Iron II III oxide

Fe O Fe O

7.

22 2Copper Copper II oxideOxygen

Cu O CuO

8. 2 2Sodium

Sodium hydroxide

2oxide Water

Na O H O NaOH aq

9. 2 2

hydroxide

2Potassium oxide Water

Potassium

K O H O KOH aq

10. 2 2 22Zinc oxide Sodium hydroxide Sodium zincate Water

ZnO NaOH Na ZnO H O

11. 2 22Zinc oxide Hydrochloric acid Zinc chloride Water

ZnO HCl ZnCl H O

12. 2 3 2 2Sodium aluminate

2 2Sodium HydroxideAlumium oxide Water

Al O NaOH NaAlO H O

13. 2 3 3 2Aluminium chloride

6 2Alumium oxide Hydrochloric acid Water

Al O HCl AlCl H O

14. 2 22 2 2Sodium Cold Water Sodium hydroxide Hydrogen

Na s H O l NaOH aq H g Heat

15. 2 22 2 2Potassium Cold Water Potassium hydroxide Hydrogen

K s H O l KOH aq H g Heat

16. 2 222

Calcium Cold Water HydrogenCalcium hydroxide

Ca s H O l Ca OH aq H g Heat

17. 2 222

Magnesium Hot Water HydrogenMagnesium hydroxide

Mg s H O l Mg OH aq H g

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18. 2 2 3 2

Aluminium Aluminium oxide

2 3 3Steam Hydrogen

Al s H O g Al O s H g

19. 2 2

Magnesium Steam Magnesium oxide Hydrogen

Mg s H O g MgO s H g

20. 2 2

Zinc Zinc oxideSteam Hydrogen

Zn s H O g ZnO s H g

21.

2 3 4 2

Iron Iron ,

3 4 4Steam II III oxide Hydrogen

Fe s H O g Fe O s H g

22. 2

Sodium

2 2 2Hydrochloric acid Sodium chloride Hydrogen

Na HCl NaCl H

23. 2 4 2 4 2

Potassium2

Sulphuric acid Potassium sulphate Hydrogen

K H SO K SO H

24. 2 2

Magnesium

2HydrogenHydrochloric acid Magnesium chloride

Mg HCl MgCl H

25. 2 4 4 2Zinc Zinc Sulphate HydrogenSulphuric acid

Zn H SO ZnSO H

26. 3 2

Nitrosyl chloride Nascent chlorineAqua regia

3 2 2 [ ]HCl HNO NOCl H O Cl

27.

3Gold Gold III chloride

+ 3 [ ]Au Cl AuCl

28.

4Platinum chloride

4 [ ]IV

Pt Cl PtCl

29.

3 3 22

2Magnesium HydrogenNitric acid Magnesium nitrate

Very dilute

Mg HNO Mg NO H

30.

3 3 22

2Manganese HydrogenNitric acid Manganese nitrate

Very dilute

Mn HNO Mn NO H

31.

4 4

( )

Iron CopperCopper sulphate Iron sulphategrey reddish browngreenblue

Fe CuSO FeSO Cu

32.

4 2 4 3Aluminium CopperCopper sulphate Aluminiumsulphate

silvery white reddish brown(colourless)blue

2 3 ( ) 3Al CuSO Al SO Cu

33.

4 4CopperZinc Copper sulphate Zinc sulphate

Silvery white reddish brown(colourless)blue

Zn CuSO ZnSO Cu

34.

3 3 2Copper SilverSilver nitrate Copper nitratereddish brown silvery whitecolourless blue

2 2Cu AgNO Cu NO Ag

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35. 4 No reaction

Silver Copper sulphate

Ag CuSO

36. 2 2OxygenCarbon Carbon dioxide

C s O CO g Heat

37. 2 2 2

Fluorine Water Hydrogen fluoride Oxygen

2 2 4F g H O l HF aq O g

38. 2 2 3

Fluorine Water Hydrogen fluoride Oxygen

3 3 6F g H O l HF aq O g

39. 2 2 22 2 4Water Fluorine Hydrogen fluoride Oxygen

H O l F g HF aq O g

40. 8 2 624 8Sulphur Fluorine Sulphur hexafluoride

S s F g SF g

41.

2 3 2 2

Aluminium oxide Sodium aluminatePresent in the ore Water - soluble

2 2Al O s NaOH aq NaAlO aq H O l

42.

2 2 3 2Silica Sodium silicate

Present in the ore water-soluble

2SiO NaOH Na SiO H O

43.

2 2 3Sodium aluminate Aluminium hydroxide ppt.

2NaAlO aq H O l Al OH s NaOH aq

44. Ignition

2 3 2Strong heating3Alumina Water vapourAluminium hydroxide

2 3Al OH Al O H O g

45.

2 2

Mercury

2 3 2 2Roasting

OxygenCinnabar II oxide Sulphur dioxide

HgS S O HgO s SO g

46.

Re

2

Mercury

2 2Heat duction

Mercury II oxide metal Oxygen

HgO S Hg l O g

47.

2 2 2 23 2 2Roasting

HeatingOxygen from air Copper I OxideCopper I sulphide Sulphur dioxide

Cu S s O Cu O SO g

48.

Re

2 2 22 6duction

Copper metalCopper I oxide Sulphur dioxideCopper I sulphide

Cu O Cu S s Cu SO

49. Heat

Carbon Zinc metalZinc oxide Carbon monoxide

ZnO C Zn CO g

50. 2

Heat

Carbon monoxide Zinc metalZinc oxide Carbon dioxide

ZnO CO Zn CO g

51. 2 3 3 2 3Heat

Carbon Carbon dioxideIronHaematite

Fe O C Fe CO

52. 2 3 2

Ferric oxide Carbon monoxide Iron Carbon dioxide

3 2 3HeatFe O s CO g Fe s CO g

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53. 2 2 3

Aluminium oxideAluminium

3 4 3 ( ) 2heat

Manganese metalMaganese dioxide

MnO s Al s Mn l Al O s Heat

54. 2 3 2 3

Aluminium oxideAluminium

2 2 ( )heat

Chromium metalChromium oxide

Cr O s Al s Cr l Al O s Heat

55.

From moist air

2 2 2 3 2

Iron Oxygen Moisture Hydrated ferric oxide

2 3 / 2 .

Rust

Fe s O g xH O l Fe O xH O s

56.

From moist air

2 2 2 3 2Copper Basic copper carbonate

2 .

Green

Cu s CO g O g H O l CuCO Cu OH

57.

2 2 2

Silver Hydrogen sulphide Silver sulphide Hydrogen

2

From air Black

Ag s H S g Ag S s H g

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TOPIC: CARBON & ITS COMPOUNDS

1.

2. LightHeatgOHgCOgOgCH Combusion )()()()( 2224

3. LightHeatgOHgCOgOgHC Combustion )(5)(4)(

2

13)( 222104

4. lightHeatgOnHgnCOgnOsOHC burn

n )(5)(6)(6)()( 2225106

5. lightHeatgOHgCOgOlOHHC burn )(3)(2)(3)( 22252

6. OHCHOCHOlOHCHCHCOOHCH

inCrO

23233

3][)(

7.

8. OHCOOHCHOHCHCHHeatSOHOCrKor

HeatKMnOAlkaline

23),/

,,

2342722

4

9. CC +

HH

HCCHgH

HH

CNI

||)(

||0250,

2

Ethene Ethane

(Double bond containing (Saturated hydrocarbon)

unsaturated carbon compound)

10. CC

Ethyne (acetylene) Ethene (ethylene) Ethane

11. )()()()( 324 gHClgClCHgClgCH Sunlight

12. )()()()( 2223 gHClgClCHgClgClCH Sunlight

13. )()()()( 3222 gHClgCHClgClgClCH Sunlight

14. )()()()( 423 gHCllCClgClgCHCl Sunlight

15. 612661262112212 OHCOHCOHOHC Invertase

16. )(22 2526126 gCOOHHCOHC Zymase

lightHeatgCOgOsC Combusion )()()( 22

OHCOOHCHOlOHCHCHHeatKMnO

Alkaline

23,

234

][2)(

HeatNigHHCCH ,

2 )(

HH

HCCHgH

HH

HeatNi

|||

)(| |

,

2

H

H H

H

H

H H

H

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17. HeatgOHgCOgOlOHHC Combustion )(3)(2)(3)( 22256

18. )(2)(2)(2 25252 gHONaHCsNalOHHC

19. )()( 523 lOHHClCOOHCH )()( 2523 lOHlHCOOCCH

Ethanoic acid Ethanol Ethyl Ethanoate

(acetic acid) (Ethyl acetate)

Sweet smelling compound

20. )()(.)()( 222

443

4252 lOHgCHCHConcSOHlOHHC K

21. OHHCOOCCHlOHHClCOOHCHheatSOHConc

2523

,,

52342)()(

22. OHHCaqCOOHCHlOHlHCOOCCH 5232523 .)()()(

23. OHHCCOONaCHaqNaOHlHCOOCCH 523523 )()(

24. )()()()()( 22333 gCOlOHaqCOONaCHaqCOOHCHaqNaHCO

25. )()(2)(2)( 223332 gCOOHaqCOONaCHaqCOOHCHaqCONa

26. )(2)()(2 23517

2

3517 aqNaCaCOOHCaqCaCOONaHC

27. )(2)()(2 23517

2

3517 aqNaMgCOOHCaqMgCOONaHC

Conc. H2SO4, Heat