Topic 7The Cardiovascular System

Learning ObjectivesTo learn about the short term effects of exercise on the cardiovascular system

F-G I can list the short term effects of exercise on the cardiovascular system

D-E I can explain the short term effects

B-C I can answer multiple choice and short answer describe questions

A*-A I can answer long response explaining questions

Success Criteria

The Cardiovascular System?The Cardiovascular system is made up of 3

main partsThe heart =Muscular pump that pumps blood around the body.

The blood vessels= arteries and veins carry the blood to and from the heart

The blood

= carries oxygen

Functions of the Cardiovascular System?

The Cardiovascular system has 2 main function that are both equally important

Function 1. To supply the body and muscles with oxygen

Function 2. To remove waste products like carbon dioxide

Short Term Effects of Exercise on the CV System

There are 2 short term effects that occur immediately when exercise begins

1. Heart Rate Increases 2. Blood Pressure Increases

1. Heart Rate IncreasesHeart rate is the number of times the heart beats

per minute

• Resting heart rate is usually between 60-80 beats per minute (bpm)

At Rest During exercise• Heart rate

increases (maximum =

• 220 – age)

1. Heart Rate IncreasesHeart rate increases as the intensity of exercise

increases!

2. Blood Pressure IncreasesBlood pressure is the pressure the blood puts on

the artery walls

• Blood pressure is around 120/80

At Rest During exercise• Blood Pressure

increases to over 140/90

Other Short Term Effects of Exercise

3. You begin to sweatto cool the body down

4. Lactic acid is produced if you are exercising anaerobically

5. Body temperature increases

Learning ObjectivesTo learn about the long term effects of exercise on the cardiovascular system

F-G I can list the long term effects of exercise on the cardiovascular system

D-E I can explain the long term effects

B-C I can answer multiple choice and short answer describe questions

A*-A I can answer long response explaining questions

Success Criteria

Long Term Effects of Exercise on the CV System

There are 6 Long term effects to the cardiovascular system that occur as a result of regular exercise and training

Resting heart

rate decreases

Recovery heart rate decreases

Stroke Volume IncreasesCardiac Output

Increases

Blood pressure decreases

1. Stroke Volume Increases Stroke volume is the amount of blood pumped

out from the heart in 1 beat

Before TrainingWith regular training

Stroke volume increases

Stroke Volume = 100 ml

Stroke Volume = 150 ml

2. Cardiac Output IncreasesCardiac Output is the amount of blood pumped

from the heart in 1 minute during exercise

Before Training

Stroke Volume X Heart Rate = Cardiac output

100 ml X 150 bpm = 15 Litres / Min

With Regular Training Cardiac Output Increases

Stroke Volume X Heart Rate = Cardiac output

150 ml X 150 bpm = 22.5 Litres / Min

3. Resting Heart Rate DecreasesResting heart rate is your heart rate at rest.

Before training With regular training

Resting heart rate decreases

Resting Heart Rate = 70 bpm

Resting Heart Rate = 50 bpm

4. Recovery Rate DecreasesRecovery heart rate is the time it takes for your heart rate to return to resting levels after you

finish exercising

Before Training9 minutes recovery rate

With regular training3 minutes recovery rate

5. Blood Pressure DecreasesBlood pressure on the artery walls decreases as a result of long term training because arteries have

become more flexible and elastic

Before trainingWith regular training blood

pressure decreases

Learning ObjectivesTo learn about the effects of lifestyle factors on the cardiovascular system

F-G I can list the 4 lifestyle factors that can cause Coronary Heart Disease

D-E I can explain how each factor can cause CHD

B-C I can answer multiple choice and short answer describe questions

A*-A I can answer long response explaining questions

Success Criteria

Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a condition

caused by high blood pressure that can be very dangerous if left untreated.

There are 4 lifestyle factors that increase the risk of developing high blood pressure and CHD

Cholesterol

Stress

Lack of

Exercise

Drugs

1. Cholesterol & CHD• Cholesterol from fatty

foods can build up in the artery walls

• Cholesterol build ups are called plaques

• Plaques of cholesterol blocks the flow of blood causing high blood pressure & CHD

2 Types of Cholesterol• Good Cholesterol is

known as HDL (High density lipoprotein)

• HDL does not cause cholesterol build up

• Bad Cholesterol is known as LDL (Low density lipoprotein)

• LDL can cause a build up of cholesterol

Other Lifestyle Factors that cause CHD

2.Taking recreational drugs increases blood pressure

3.Lack of exercise raises blood pressure

4. Stress increases blood pressure

Exercise and CHDExercise can reduce your chances of developing

high blood pressure and CHD in many ways

• Exercise is good for the cardiovascular system

• Exercise makes the heart fitter & stronger

• Exercise makes blood vessels healthier and more flexible

• Exercise lowers resting heart rate long term

• Exercise reduces blood pressure long term

• Exercise increases stroke volume & cardiac output long term

3. Why Does Resting Heart Rate Decrease?

Before training

Resting Heart Rate = 70 bpm

Stroke Volume = 50 ml

Cardiac Output = 3.5 L/m

3. Why Does Resting Heart Rate Decrease?

After training

Because the stroke volume has increased!!

Resting Heart Rate = 50 bpm

Stroke Volume = 70 ml

Cardiac Output = 3.5 L/m