topic 1 introdution of guidance, counseling & psychotherapy

8/11/2019 Topic 1 Introdution of Guidance, Counseling & Psychotherapy

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TAN SIN KEAT KB. PA (MAL)B. Ed., M. Ed (Counseling) Cert. of Edu (MPSAH)

Int. Reality Therapy Training Cert (USA)

Fellow of

Assoc iat ion o f Psych ological & Educat ional Counselor of A sia-Paci fic (APECA)

International Play Therapy A sso ciat ion (IPA, UK)Persatuan Kaunselor Malaysia (PERKAMA )

INSTITUT PENDIDIKAN GURU IPG )

KAMPUS SULTAN ABDUL HALIM

SUNGAI PETANI , KEDAH DARUL AMAN

PROGRAM IJAZAH SARJANA MUDA PENDIDIKAN

(PISMP)

EDU 3107

GUIDANCE & COUNSELLING FOR CHILDREN


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Chapter 1Introduction to Guidance,

Counselling & Psychotherapy

( 2 hours )


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1.1 Basic Concepts of

Guidance, Counselling &

Psychotherapy


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INTRODUCTION

Growing realization for this services inMalaysia, both government agencies andprivate sectors as well

Selaras dengan hasrat kerajaan yang mengutamakan

pembangunan modal insan, pengurus sumber manusia sektor awam

hendaklah melaksanakan penambahbaikan dalam urusannya dengan

menerapkan aspek psikologi dan kaunseling

Sumber:

Panduan Aplikasi Psikologi Dalam Pengurusan Sumber Manusia

Sektor Awam, Pekeliling Perkhidmatan Bilangan 18/2005, Jabatan

Perkhidmatan Awam.


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Keperluan kepada perkhidmatan kaunseling semakin meningkat

dapat membantu anggota perkhidmatan awam meningkatkan

pembangunan diri masing-masing bagi mencapai tahap kefungsianpsikologi yang tinggi serta penghasilan kerja yang produktif dan

berkualiti.

source:Panduan Untuk Mewujudkan Perkhidmatan Kaunseling di Agensi

Awam, Pekeliling Perkhidmatan Bilangan 1/1999, Jabatan

Perkhidmatan Awam.


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National Health & Morbidity Survey (NHMS)Institut Kesihatan Umum, Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia (1996,2006 )

Peratusan yang menghadapi gangguan psikologikal:

(A) Remaja < 15 tahun1996: 13% --- 2006: 19.4%

(B) Golongan orang dewasa yang bermasalah sedemikian

1996:10.6% --- 2006:11.2%

Pada tahun 2011, seramai 34 ribu (1.8%) menghadapi

masalah kemurungan (depression) Umur 16-24:2.5%


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WHAT IS GUIDANCE ?

Guidance is an

process of helping individual to obtain self-

understanding strengtheness & weakness in the

inner worldto determine their aspiration of

liferealistically in competency and

interesteventually to achieve self-esteem.

Shertzer & Stone, 1974.


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WHAT IS GUIDANCE ?

Guidance is an

..to plan for change (in short-term / long-term).

Alice Crow, 1964.

Services such as career orientation (botheducative & informative)

McDaniel & Shaftel, 1956.


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WHAT IS GUIDANCE ?

Guidance is an

systematically arranged educational process

D.W. Lefever, 1970.

ispreventive in nature rather then psychologicalrehabilitation

George, R.L. & Christiani, T.S. , 1995.


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WHAT IS COUNSELLING?

Counselling is an

process of interaction for individual to gain self-

understanding and how they related to the

environment where they are living

witheventually this will establish their aim of life

Shertzer & Stone, 1974.


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Counselling is an

clients are given opportunity to explore the inner

self which cause the psychological blockness

with these psychological insights will help the client

to chose the alternatives of solution.

Corey, 1977.


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Counselling is

face-to-face relationship

( trained & qualified counselorclient )unconditional positive regard

respect the uniqueness of the client

genuine in interaction

believe that humans will develop themselves

toward self-esteem


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Counselling is NOT

to impose the counselors value to the client

solely giving advises / opinions / information

an attempt to influence clients decision

a session of interview / investigation

to decide the career pathway for the client


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WHAT IS PSYCHOTHERAPY?

base on the understanding of two person ( trained

therapistpatient), to achieve the specific aim(s)

and resolution(s)well trained therapist is capableby using the skills to restructure/rearrange the

patients psychological need(s).

Brunch, 1981.


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WHAT IS PSYCHIATRY?

associated with mental illness, extreme emotional

problems and serious personal issuesnormally

they are mentally sick personprescribe thenecessarily medicine in long term treatment.


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Buku Panduan Pelaksanaan Khidmat Bimbingan dan Kaunseling di

Sekolah, KPM (193)

1. To DEVELOPthe self growth of students

2. To PREVENTthe students from drug abused &

maladaptive behavior

3. To REMEDIALthe problems of academic,

social emotion & career planning

4. CRISIScounselling/intervention


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Try to match the suitable items for

Guidances Aims & Counsellings Aims

Respectively base on the basic concepts you had

learned on sub chapter 1.1


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To serve the educational purposes

To serve all the students

Life long process primaryuniversity

Preventive rather then remedial Confidentiality is the priority

Willingness to help

Personal information is needed for the process


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Patterson (1967)

The changes which had been taken are voluntarily based,

the trained counselor help these changes happen within

the therapeutic setting changes are needed because of

psychological problems

Biasco (1966)

Counselling process has to be planned systematicallypreventive rather then remedial is the clients right to

decide for solution(s).


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McDaniel & Shaftel (1956)

Unconditional positive regardsrespect to the clients

uniquenessso call permissive: a. session of counselling can

be terminated anytime, b. counsellor cannot impose anypersonal value toward clientthink with client.


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Guidance & Counseling in School

Guidance Counselling

Development Prevention General Services Crisis & Remedial

Involvement of all students Problematicstudents

Involvement of all staff & school administrator School Counselor

Proactive Reactive


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ADDITIONAL INFORMATIONS


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WHO IS CLIENTS ?

A CLIENT IS THE ONE WHO STILL CAN

FUNCTIONING ( @ PSYCHOLOGICALLY

HEALTHY ) BUT FACING PROBLEMS OF

ADJUSTMENT

DEVELOPMENTAL

SITUATIONAL


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WHO IS COUNSELOR ?

COMMUNICATION

SKILLS

STRATEGY

APPLICATION

STRATEGY

KNOWLEDGE

DEVELOPMENTAL

SKILLS

NONPRO PROFESSIONALPARAPROBarb ara F. Okun, 1992


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WHO IS COUNSELOR ?

NONPROFESSIONAL:

FRIENDS, COLLEAGUES, INTRAINED VOLUNTEERS

PARAPROFESSIONAL:

SOCIAL WORKERS, MENTAL HEALTH NURSES

PROFESSIONAL :

PSYCHOLOGISTS, PSYCHIATRISTS, COUNSELORS


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COUNSELING VS.FRIENDSHIP

STRUCTURED AS TO TIME AND PLACE

GOAL DIRECTED

TIME LIMITED

FOCUS ON CLIENT SYSTEMATIC-ORGANIZED AND PLANNED

DISCUSS PSYCHOLOGICALLY IMPORTANT ISSUES

NON EVALUATIVE

CONFIDENTIAL


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COUNSELOR VS

PSYCHOTHERAPIST @ PSYCHOLOGIST

LESS SEVERE PROBLEMS

SHORTER DURATION

PREVENTIVE MORE THAN REMEDIALCLIENTS NORMAL@ FUNCTIONING


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THANK YOU

topic 1 introdution of guidance, counseling & psychotherapy

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