tools to fund agricultural research the citrus industry model
TRANSCRIPT
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Tools to Fund Agricultural ResearchThe Citrus Industry Model
Farm Foundation ForumJanuary 28, 2015
Harold Browning, Chief Operations Officer
Citrus Research and Development Foundation, Inc.
700 Experiment Station Road • Lake Alfred • FL • 33850 863-956-8817 citrusrdf.org
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Topics
• Perspective: The Florida Citrus Industry and Huanglongbing Disease• Emergence of the Citrus Research and Development Foundation, Inc.
• Structure and Purpose• Processes • Funding and Funds Management
• Is this model working?• Interface of CRDF with other Ag Research Funding Organizations• Benefits of Industry-Organized and Managed Research• Challenges in the Private Industry Model
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• Nearly 550,000 acres • Juice and Fresh Marketing• 34 producing counties• 6,000 small and large growers• 76,000 employees• 160‐180 million boxes of fruit • $1.2 billion farm gate value• $8.9 billion economic impact • Supplies 90% of U.S. OJ• National Industry – CA, TX, AZ
Profile: Florida Citrus Industry at Risk
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The Huanglongbing (HLB) Disease Triangle
CLas BacteriaPathogen (2005)
HLB
Citrus TreeHost (>200 years)
DPI PhotoAsian citrus psyllid
Vector (1998)
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Progressive Biological Impacts of HLB: 2005-2014
• Inoculation into Leaves by Psyllid• Systemic Movement in Vascular Tissue • Mottling of Leaves (starch)• Debilitation of Root Systems• Decline of Limbs, Thinning of Canopies• Small, Off-flavored Fruit• Pre-harvest Fruit Drop Increase• Overall Tree Decline• Increasingly Compounded by Other
Stresses• Individual Grove Failure
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TIME
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How to Mobilize a ResponseWithin a Segmented Industry and System
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New Product Discovery and Development Roles
Indirect
Direct
Time to Market NowNever
NRC
NSF
CRDF
Nursery
Processors
UniversitiesUSDA
NA PMA RGAFDACS / WMD
FCPRAC
USDA‐SBIR
APHIS EPA FDA
NSF‐SBIR
FCIRCC
Grove
Packers
FCM
FFSPI
FDOC
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• Planning: A Critical Element
• 2008 NAS-NRC Planning
• 2010 NRC Study Published http://www.nap.edu/catalog/12880/ (328 pages)
• CRDF Formed as Non-Profit Research Sponsor
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Assistance in Developing a Response to HLB
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Structure of CRDF
• “Identify one organization and empower it to have oversight responsibility over HLB research and Development Efforts” NRC 2010
• Organized as a 501(c)(3) NFP under University of Florida (DSO)• Governed by State Statutes for Non-profits• 13-member Board Primarily Composed of Citrus Industry Members• 6 Committees Provide Oversight and Recommendations to Board• Meetings Publically Noticed and Open to Public• Monthly Board Meetings Since 2009• Management Staff of 4: Contractors Conduct Research, Delivery and
Other Support
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Purpose of CRDF
“Advance disease and production research and product development activities to ensure the survival and competitiveness of Florida citrus”
Seek solutions to HLB via• Industry Research Coordination Committee - priorities• Research Management Committee: Open call competitive grant program –
• 2 levels peer review with board final decisions• Commercial Product Delivery Facilitation – invited proposals, advisors review,
board final decision• Successful proposals are contracted for 1-3 years• Scientists and solvers in 27 states, 5 countries have been supported• Typical portfolio is 125-150 active projects
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Funding the CRDF MissionSources of Funding to Drive Solutions to HLB
• State Marketing Order – Mandatory tax on harvested boxes of fruit• Florida Citrus Production Research Box Tax ( $.03/box)• Florida Department of Citrus Marketing and Promotion Box Tax ($.05-.30/box)
• Donor Contributions• $0.5 to $1.5 million per year
• Government Funding• State Legislature – Appropriations through Florida Dept. Agriculture• Federal Funding
• USDA, ARS Specific Cooperative Agreement (SCA)• USDA, NIFA, SCRI Competitive Grant: CRDF Project Management – Grant Agreement• USDA, APHIS, MAC Group: Funds to support “shovel-ready projects” – SCA
• One-Year Sponsor Contracts are Standard
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Citrus Industry Research Investments (CRDF)
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$0
$2,000,000
$4,000,000
$6,000,000
$8,000,000
$10,000,000
$12,000,000
$14,000,000
$16,000,000
$18,000,000
$20,000,000
Research & Delivery Expense Summary
Pre‐HLB Era
HLB Era
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CRDF and Federal Funding Programs – HLBCRDF Program Goals
Understanding HLB
Long‐Term Development
Medium‐Term Development
Short‐Term Solutions
Delivery of Solutions
to the grove
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Federal Funding Programs
Farm Bill ‐ USDA, NIFASpecialty Crop Research Initiative (SCRI) CDRE Program$25 million per year over 5 years
Congressional Appropriation Multi‐Agency Coordination Group (MAC); USDA, APHIS$21 million over 2 years
Citrus Health Response Program (CHRP)USDA, APHIS and State Dept. Ag.
IRCC
RMC
CPDC
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Benefits of Industry- Organized and Managed Research
• True private/public partnership “from bottom up”• Needs-driven focus on solutions to the HLB crisis • Shared governance • Flexible funding: direct to specific needs• Engage public/private entities in discovery > problem solving > delivery• Real-time reporting and feedback • Flexibility to alter directions • Facilitation of hand-off steps • Open process allows all partners to be aware
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Contributions to Basic Science
• Genomes of citrus, psyllid, bacterial• Gene Expression Studies• Culturing recalcitrant bacteria• Epidemiology of exotic disease• Host plant/pathogen/vector relationships• Vector transmission and endosymbionts• Targets for bacterial intervention
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Evaluation of Near-Commercial Tools• Commercial Tools to Reduce Vector Insect Populations• Chemical and Thermal Therapy to Reduce Bacteria in Trees• Naturally Occurring Microbial Products• Plant Growth Regulators - Fruit Drop due to HLB• Field Trials of Integrated Practices - Root HealthOrganic CompostOrganic AcidsAcidification of Irrigation Water and Soil
• Field Delivery of Tolerant or Resistant Citrus Germplasm• Evaluation of Advanced Citrus Production Systems• Inoculum RemovalDemonstration of Benefit of RemovalMotivate Larger Scale Inoculum Removal
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Challenges in the Private/Public Model
• Stability of private/public funds – e.g., declining production• Tendency to focus on near-term: Long-term goals needed• Focus is not on fundamental science • Regional differences in need/timelines cause disconnects, even within one
commodity• Perceived lack of timely progress jeopardizes long-term sustainability• Limited scope of funding compared to large government funding
programs• What happens when the current crisis is averted?
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Thank you!
CRDF is proud to provide support to the Florida citrus industry
Citrus Research and Development Foundation, Inc.
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