toolbox community policing -...
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Toolbox community policing
Belinda Wijckmans, EUCPN Secretariat EUCPN Board Meeting II Cyprus
Nicosia, 6 December 2012
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EUCPN Secretariat
With financial support from the Prevention of and Fight against Crime Programme of the European Union
European Commission – Directorate-General Home Affairs
1. Toolbox CoP • Current theme under Cyprus Presidency
• Theoretical + practical part
• Output = toolbox:
– Thematic paper on CoP + list of good practices (ECPA)
– Results World Café on community policing
– Use of CoP, specific focus on radicalisation (EU priority): recommendations based on ‘expert’ discussion: strengths & weaknesses, challenges, opportunities, etc.
• Aim(s)
• Methodology
2. Concepts - CoP • Broad term and wide range of implementations
• Definition(s)
“A policing philosophy that promotes community-based problem-solving strategies to address the underlying causes of crime and disorder and the fear of crime. The stated intention of community policing is to enhance the quality of life of local
communities.” (Sage Dictionary of Criminology, 2001)
“…it is an approach to policing that emphasises the role of police from a force that “does policing to the people” to a service
that “works for and with the people.” (White & McEvoy, 2012 – QIASS paper)
2. Concepts - Radicalisation • Complex concept – complex process
• Definition(s)
“Radicalization refers to an increase in and/or reinforcing of extremism in the thinking, sentiments, and/or behavior of individuals and/or groups of individuals.” (Mandel, 2010)
A process, a growing willingness to make drastic changes in society (themselves or by supporting others)(Gielen, 2008)
But NOT necessarily leading to violence, extremism/terrorism
And NOT linked to one specific (political or religious) ideology
2. Concepts - Radicalisation • EU Commission
“Terrorist radicalisation and recruitment are not confined to one faith or political ideology. This is best demonstrated by the fact that Europe has experienced different types of terrorism in its history. It is important to underline that the
vast majority of Europeans, irrespective of belief or political conviction, reject terrorist ideology. Even among
the small number of people that do not reject such ideology, only a few turn to terrorism. Preventing terrorist radicalisation and recruitment will only work if we remain
fully dedicated to respecting fundamental rights, promoting integration and cultural dialogue and fighting
discrimination.”
3. CoP & Radicalisation • EU Commission:
“Radicalisation that can lead to acts of terrorism is best contained at a level closest to the most vulnerable individuals. It requires close cooperation with local
authorities and civil society.”
• QIASS-paper (White & McEvoy, 2012)
– Prevention by multi-agency partnerships, community engagement and involvement = dialogue & collaboration.
“[CoP] is becoming increasingly recognized as a critical method of preventing radicalization, which can lead to engagement or re-engagement in violent extremism.”
3. CoP & Radicalisation • QIASS-paper (White & McEvoy, 2012)
– Success depends on trust, mutual understanding and respect
– Local knowledge of fundamental importance BUT more than just ‘eyes and ears’ of the police!
– Challenges:
• Intelligence-led approach <> CoP
• Power relations between police and ‘the policed’
• Shift of power away from the police towards the community itself
4. Participants Name Organisation Country
Claus Els Local police zone Brussels-West Belgium
Devos Jean-Pierre Federal Police – CoPPRa project Belgium
Out Rob Police - CoPPRa Project The Netherlands
De Wit Hans Police The Netherlands
O’Mahony Jonathan Police – An Garda Síochána – Garda Racial and Intercultural Diversity Unit
Ireland
D’Hulster Sofie Centre for Equal Opportunities and Opposition to Racism
Belgium
Simcock Kelly Radicalisation Awareness Network (RAN) Prevent UK
Gadzinowski Damian European Commission (DG Home Affairs) – Unit A1: Crisis management and fight against terrorism
EU Hyvrier Olivia
Johansen Karen-Lise Ministry of Social Affairs and Integration – Division for Democratic Issues
Denmark
Weiszer Andrea Ministry of Interior - Department of European Cooperation
Hungary
4. Participants
5. Agenda
9h – 9h30 Arrival & Registration
9h30 – 10h30 Welcome & Introduction to the workshop
- Short introduction of the EUCPN and the Secretariat
- Introduction to the topic of the workshop: thematic context, intended
outcome and methodology
- Round table
10h 30– 11h Presentation: the CoPPRa project (BE)
Jean-Pierre Devos (Project Manager) and Rob Out
11h – 11h15 Coffee Break
11h15 – 12h30 Discussion
12h30– 13h30 Lunch break
13h30 – 14h Presentation - Methods for working with Radicalisation: Relational work and
mentoring (DK)
Karen-Lise Johansen Karman (Deputy head of Division for Democratic
issues - Ministry of Social Affairs and Integration)
14h – 15h Discussion
15h15 - 15h15 Coffee Break
15h15 - 16h Closing of the workshop and conclusions
6. Results expert group • Main approach of the concepts:
Community police into practice “Know the community you are working in.” [CoPPRa]
“Prevention (i.e. pro-action) instead of re-action.” [Mentoring]
Community policing & radicalisation
• Human rights:
How to deal with the diversity in society and distinguish this from the process of radicalisation?
“Believing is not illegal.”
• Follow-up
• Transferability
• Evaluation
Community policing into practice “Police on a bicycle is not CoP.”
• Gap between theory & practice
Lack of definition
Various strategies, projects & practices
• Philosophy or attitude
Reframe people’s ideas
Start at the basics!
“Policing is more than just ‘catching the bad guys’!”
CoP and Radicalisation “All incidents are local or at least will start that way.”
• Partnerships (‘horizontal approach’)
• Trust & legitimacy
• Communication
• Broad view
• Skills and training
• Prevention
Profile for a good CoP-officer
“A community police officer has to be a pshychologist, a social worker,… a priest even.”
• Basic social skills
• Professionalism
• Integrated in community
• Respecting human rights
Thank you for your attention!
Toolbox community policing
[email protected] – www.eucpn.org
EUCPN Board Meeting II Cyprus
Nicosia, 6 December 2012
***
EUCPN Secretariat
With financial support from the Prevention of and Fight against Crime Programme of the European Union
European Commission – Directorate-General Home Affairs