tolling and congestion pricing patrick decorla-souza office of innovative program delivery federal...
TRANSCRIPT
Tolling and Congestion Pricing
Patrick DeCorla-Souza
Office of Innovative Program Delivery
Federal Highway Administration
Presentation to Transportation Advisory Group
The Council of State Governments
December 4, 2008
Overview
• Rationale for congestion pricing
• Congestion pricing examples worldwide
• Recent developments
Ways to Reduce Congestion
• Increase capacity:– Physical capacity – Management and operations
• Reduce demand – Provide attractive “substitutes” for driving
during rush hours– Congestion pricing
Why Congestion Pricing?
• Manages demand: Balances demand with supply
• Generates revenue
• Signals where additional capacity may be economically justified
How Congestion Pricing Works
• Variable toll makes the cost borne by user reflect the actual social cost of driving
• Willingness to pay – people will choose to drive as long as the benefit they get is equal to the cost they face
• Others will shift to using substitutes
Substitutes
• Alternative modes with traveler information– Transit – Ridesharing
• Alternative destinations– Telecommuting
• Alternative times– Flextime, staggered work hours
Overview
• Rationale for congestion pricing
• Congestion pricing examples worldwide
• US DOT’s Congestion Initiative
Types of Congestion Pricing
• Managed Lanes:– Separate lanes on freeways managed with
variable tolls
• Managed Highways:– All lanes on highway managed with variable tolls
• Area or Cordon Pricing:– User charges to enter or drive in an area
Managed Lanes
SR 91, Orange Orange County, CACounty, CA -
• Four new lanes in median, 10 miles
• Tolls are $1.20 to $10.00
Managed Lanes
Fixed peak vs. off-peak toll differential
Toll rates set to maintain high performance
•Houston I-10 and US 290
•SR 91 in Orange Co., CA•I-15, San Diego•I-394, Minneapolis•I-25, Denver •SR 167, Seattle
Maximum Toll Rates: San DiegoEvening Period Northbound
Maximum Toll Schedule for I-15 HOT Lanes, San Diego, California
$4.00
$3.00
$2.00
$1.00
$0.75
3:00 - 3:30
3:30 - 4:00
4:00 - 4:30
4:30 - 5:00
5:00 - 5:30
5:30 - 6:00
6:00 - 6:30
6:30 - 7:00
Managed Highways
• Variable pricing on the State Route 520 floating bridge.
– Tolls on the existing bridge
– Will help pay for the new bridge.
Managed Highways
Fixed peak vs. off-peak toll differential
Toll rates set to maintain high performance
•Ft Myers bridges•NYC crossings•Orange Co., CA•Dulles Greenway•France & S. Korea
•Singapore expressways and major arterials
65 kph45 kph
Increase Decrease
Toll rates
Tolls Rates on Singapore Expressways
Charges vary from 50 cents to $2.50
Cordon or Area Pricing
Fixed peak vs. off-peak toll differential
Toll rates set to maintain high performance
•London (flat fee)•Stockholm (variable fees)
•Singapore CBD cordon
Stockholm Toll Rates
Overview
• Rationale for congestion pricing
• Congestion pricing examples worldwide
• Recent developments
USDOT Urban Partnership Program
• Key:– Tolls that vary with level of demand
• Support strategies:– Transit– Telecommuting and flextime– Technology:
• Multimodal traveler information• Active traffic management and operations
Urban Partners
Miami
Minneapolis -St. Paul
San Francisco
Seattle
Los Angeles
Chicago
HOT Network Study: Washington DC
Annual revenue:•$1.5 to $2.8 billion annually
Capital cost recovery:•43% to 48% for new lanes•58% to 110% with pricing of existing general purpose lanes
“Traffic Choices” Study:Seattle, WA
• Present value of revenues = $87 B
Area Pricing in New York City
Annual net revenue:
•$500 million
•Dedicated to transit
Public Opinion Surveys
• Managed Lanes:– 60-70% approval from all income groups
• Managed Highways:– Seattle: 64-74% approval for new tolls on
currently free SR 520 bridge which needs rehabilitation
• Area Pricing:– New York City: 60% approval (67%
approval in City Council vote)
Summary
• Congestion pricing has many benefits
• Operates successfully worldwide
• Bold and innovative projects are underway in several U.S. cities
• Studies suggest promise in addressing funding shortfalls
• Public opinion can be positive
For more information contact:
Patrick DeCorla-Souza
Office of Innovative Program Delivery
Federal Highway Administration
202-366-4076
www.FightGridlockNow.gov