Reading Comprehensio

n & Vocabulary 1TOEFL

Lecturer : Ferawaty Puspitorini, M.Pd.

R.6D - 2014

Group : 7Chandra Lijaya 201112500567Resti Tri Handini 201112500605Desi Mitra Dewi 201112500601Setya Aprilia 201112500633Yulia Eolia Putri 201112500635

Descriptive Text

The Definition and Purpose of Descriptive Text

Descriptive text is…

a text which say what a person or a thing is like, or a text

which presents information about something

specifically.

Its purpose is …

to describe and reveal a particular person, place, or thing.

Descriptive Text

The Generic Structure

Descriptive text has structure as below:

Identification

Description

Reading Test 1

1 ----- With its radiant color and plantlike shape, the sea anemone looks more like a flower than an animal. More specifically, the sea anemone is formed quite like the flower for which it is named, with a body like a stem and tentacles like 5 ----- petals in brilliant shades of blue, green, pink, and red Its diameter varies from about six millimeters in some species to more than ninety centimeters in the giant varieties of Australia. Like corals, hydras, and jellyfish, sea anemones are coelenterates. They can move slowly, but more often they attach 10 --- the lower part of their cylindrical bodies to rocks, shells, or wharf pilings. The upper end of the sea anemone has a mouth surrounded by tentacles that the animal uses to capture its food.

Reading Test 1

Stinging cells in the tentacles throw out tiny poison threads that paralyze other small sea animals. The tentacles then drag this 15 --- prey into the sea anemone's mouth. The food is digested in the large inner body cavity. When disturbed a sea anemone retracts its tentacles and shortens its body so that it resembles a lump on a rock. Anemones may reproduce by forming eggs, dividing in half or developing buds that grow and break off as independent 20 --- animals.

1. The word "shape" in line 1 is closest in meaning to which of the following?(A) Length (B) Grace (C) Form (D) Nature

 Answer: (C) Form

2. It can be inferred from the passage that sea anemones are usually found…(A) attached to stationary surfaces(B) hidden inside cylindrical objects(C) floating among underwater flowers(D) chasing prey around wharf pilings

 Answer: (A) attached to stationary surfaces

3. The synonym of word "capture" in line 13 is ?(A) Catch (B) Control(C) Cover (D) Clean

Answer: (A) Catch

4. The antonym of word “specifically" in line 3 is ?(B) Generally (B) Hungry(C) Tired (D) Sick

 Answer: (A) generally

The Definition and Purposes of Explanation Text

Explanation is …

a text which tells processes relating to forming of natural, social, scientific and cultural

phenomena. Explanation text is to say ‘why’ and ‘how’ of the forming of the phenomena. It is often found

in science, geography and history text books.

Explanation Text

Descriptive Text

The Generic StructureExplanation text has structure as below:

General statement

Sequenced explanation

Reading Test 21 -------- Having no language, infants cannot be told what they need to learn. Yet by the age of three they will have mastered the basic structure of their native language and will be well on their way to communicative competence. Acquiring their language is a 5 ------most impressive intellectual feat. Students of how children learn language generally agree that the most remarkable aspect of this feat is the rapid acquisition of grammar. Nevertheless, the ability of children to conform to grammatical rules is only slightly more wonderful than their ability to learn words. It has been reckoned 10 ---- that the average high school graduate in the United States has a reading vocabulary of 80. 000 words, which includes idiomatic expressions and proper names of people and places. This vocabulary must have been learned over a period of 16 years. From the figures, it can be calculated that the average child learns at a rate of about 13 new words per day. Clearly a learning process of great complexity goes on at a rapid rate in children.

1. What is the main subject of the passage.(A) Language acquisition in children(B) Teaching languages to children(C) How to memorize words(D) Communicating with infants

 Answer: (A) Language acquisition in children

2. The word “reckoned” in line 9 is closest in meaning to which of the following?(A) Suspected (B) Estimated(C) Proved (D) Said

 Answer: (B) Estimated

3. In line 11, the word "which" refers to

(A) their ability (B) reading vocabulary

(C) idiomatic expression (D) learning process

 Answer: (B) reading vocabulary

4. According to the passage, what is impressive about the way children learn vocabulary?

(A) They learn words before they learn grammar

(B) They learn even very long words.

(C) They learn words very quickly.

(D) They learn the most words in high school.

Answer: (C) They learn words very quickly.

Spoof textThe Definition and Purpose of Spoof Text

Spoof text is…to make somebody believe in something is not true, as

a joke. And contains humor though most of the text has been modified from the original.

Its purpose is … to tell the short story or event with a

humorous twist. to amuse the reader

Descriptive Text

The Generic Structure

Spoof text has structure as below:

Orientation

Event

Twist

Last week I took my five-year old son, Willy, to a musical instrument store in my hometown. I wanted to buy him a set of junior drum because his drum teacher advised me to buy him one. Willy likes listening to music very much. He also likes asking me everything he wants to know. Even his questions sometimes seem precocious for a boy of his age. He is very inquisitive.

We went there by car. On the way, we saw a policeman standing near a traffic light regulating the passing card and other vehicles. He blew his whistle now and then.Seeing the policeman blowing his whistle, Willy asked me at once, “Dad, why is the policeman using a whistle, not a drum?”Hearing his an expected question I answered reluctantly, “Because he is not Phil Collins!”

Reading Test 3

1. What does the text talk about?a. Willy and his new drum.b. Phil Collins and his drum.c. A policeman and his whistle.d. Willy’s drum private teacher.e. The writer’s five-years old son.

Answer: (C) A policeman and his whistle

2. Which sentence makes the text a funny story?f. He is very inquisitive.g. “Because he is not Phil Collins”.h. He blew his whistle now and then.i. He also likes asking me everything he wants to know.j. “Dad, why is the policeman using a whistle not a drum?.Answer: (E) “Dad, why is the policeman using a whistle not a drum?