title: standard operating procedure subject: entry and ... · title: standard operating procedure...

TITLE: STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE

SUBJECT: Entry and Exit Procedure in Central Animal House Facility

SOP number: 001 Version number: 01 Pages: 03

Issue date: 02/01/2017 Effective date: 09/01/2017 Next review date: 08/01/2020

Name Signature Date

Prepared By Dr. Shonima P.

Reviewed By Dr. A. Hannah Rachel Vasanthi

Approved By Dr. C. Thirunavukkarasu


SUBJECT: Entry and Exit Procedure in Central Animal House Facility



I. OBJECTIVE

The objective of this SOP is to minimize the risk of the spread of pathogens.

II. SCOPE

This SOP describes the procedure to enter and exit the Central Animal House Facility,

Pondicherry university.

III. RESPONSIBILITY

Principal investigator and their research staff, animal care staff, veterinary care staff,

facility supervisor and anyone entering in the animal facility.

IV. ABBREVIATIONS

a. CAHF: Central Animal House Facility

b. PI : Principle Investigator

c. PPE : Personal Protective Equipment

d. SOP : Standard Operating Procedure

V. PRECAUTIONS

To minimize the generation of aerosols and contaminating dust particles, the PPE shall be

removed in the following sequence, starting from the dirtiest PPE: shoe covers, apron, head

cap, gloves, face mask.

Personnel should not be permitted to eat, drink, smoke or apply cosmetics and perfumes inside

animal facility.

Personnel should keep their mobile either switched off or in silent mode before entering inside

the animal facility.

Charging of mobiles inside the facility is not allowed.

In the event of an emergency inside CAHF use the extension phone to call upon the emergency

personnel. A list of emergency numbers to be contacted is displayed outside the CAHF

entrance.

VI. PROCEDURE

4.1. CAHF Entry Procedure

Step in the central disinfectant footbath at the CAHF entrance.

The personnel shall sign into the access log book provided at the entrance of CAHF, stating

the date, name, department, purpose of visit, in time and out time.

The personnel can place their personal belongings into the place provided in the area.

The personnel shall follow the visual instructions on the wall on the PPE.

The PPE required are: lab coat, latex/nitrile gloves, face mask, head cap, anti-slip

shoe cover.

The belongings of the researchers or PI should be kept in the rack provided. Investigators

should not bring their bags/laptops inside the facility.

If the personnel have items to bring into the facility, these items shall be transferred into the

boxes. Each item shall be decontaminated with 70% ethanol or Isopropyl alcohol before

placing them into the box.

The box shall then be decontaminated in the same manner.

4.2. CAHF Exit Procedure

If the personnel wish to return to continue their work for the day, he/she shall exit through the

entrance.

If the personnel have already entered the dirty area, he/she shall not return to the clean area

for the day.

The personnel shall remove the PPE and discard each piece directly into the trash bin located

back side of the facility and exit through the back door.

The investigators should finish the work with animals as early as possible and exit from the

facility.

A separate sitting area is made available for the animal caretakers.

VII. REFERENCES

Guide for the care and use of laboratory animals, 8th Edition, The National Academic press.

VIII. REVISION HISTORY

Nil


SUBJECT: Personal Protective Equipment



Name Signature Date





SUBJECT: Personal Protective Equipment



I. OBJECTIVE

The objective of this SOP is to prevent the spread of pathogens from or to the animal

facility through fomites.

II. SCOPE

This SOP describes the proper attire required for working in designated animal areas.

III. RESPONSIBILITY


facility supervisor and anyone entering in the animal facility.

IV. ABBREVIATIONS

PI : Principal Investigator

SPF: Specific Pathogen Free

V. PRECAUTIONS

Do not wear lab coat (which is used in animal house) outside the facility.

Cover legs, feet, and arms when working with chemical, infectious, or radioactive

hazards.

Ensure that head cap covers all hair.

VI. PROCEDURE

1.6.1. Outer protective clothing:

It is essential that the animal care staff maintain a high standard of personal cleanliness.

Central Animal House facility is provided with appropriate personnel protective equipment.

Wear dedicated outer protective clothing: lab coat, latex/nitrile gloves, face mask, head cap,

anti-slip shoe cover, in animal facility, especially when in contact with infected animals, their

waste or body fluids, radioactive or chemical hazards, SPF animals maintained in a barrier

facility.

Wear a separate lab coat inside the quarantine area.

Restrict clothes to a given group of animals with the same health status (e.g., same room,

same herd, similar infectious status).

Change gloves frequently to minimize fomite contamination within the animal room.

Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water, or use an alcohol sanitizer at the end of the

procedure or upon leaving the facility.

Wear face mask to avoid risk of splashing or droplet exposure to mucous membranes.

Wear protective glasses or a face shield whenever there is a risk of exposure or

physical injury to the face/eyes.

Use biosafety cabinet while dealing with infectious agent or harmful chemicals or fumes.

Wear disposable shoe covers and head cap whenever working with infected animals or their

waste or radioactive hazards.

VII. REFERENCES


Standard Operating Procedure for Institutional Animal Ethics Committee, CPCSEA.


Nil


SUBJECT: Animal Quarantine and Acclimatization



Name Signature Date





SUBJECT: Animal Quarantine and Acclimatization



I. OBJECTIVE

The objective of this SOP is to ensure that all animals that enter the facility do not carry

pathogens that may spread diseases to the other animals.

II. SCOPE

This SOP describes the procedures for quarantine and acclimatization of rodents in CAHF,

Pondicherry University.

III. RESPONSIBILITY


facility supervisor.

IV. ABBREVIATIONS

CAHF: Central animal House Facility


SOP : Standard Operating Procedure

V. PROCEDURE

One month prior to the start of the experiment, PI/researcher should inform the Veterinarian

regarding the purchase of the animals.

Based upon the availability of quarantine room, holding room, cages and water bottles, room

will be allotted for the conduct of the study.

Before receiving the consignment vendor shall submit the health certificate stating the

physical fitness of the animals. Serology report for the consignment also should be submitted

along with the health certificate.

On receipt of animals from outside facility, animals should be kept in quarantine room.

The animals are isolated from the rest of the facility for at least 7 days until they appear to be

free of infectious diseases or pathogens.

Animals acquired by the CAHF have to acclimatize for a period of 3-5 days to the

environment before being used after quarantine.

If the rodents received are sick/unwell/injured, they should be isolated from the other animals

as soon as possible.

Rodents due for acclimatization will be housed normally in their respective holding rooms.

However, they will not be used for any experiment or procedure until the acclimatization

period of 3-5 days.

The attending veterinarian should inspect the entire consignment for any abnormality, injury,

mortality and take necessary steps regarding.

The technicians shall receive the animals through the back door of the CAHF and shift into

the quarantine room.

Transfer the animals into clean cage.

The bedding material, feed and water bottle shall be provided with the cage inside the

quarantine room.

Details of the animals shall be written on the Quarantine card so that the PI/researcher can

identify the animals later on.

Routine health monitoring shall be done by the attending veterinarian during the quarantine

period.

PIs/Researchers shall locate the cages of the rodents from the quarantine cage cards and will

be allowed to use the animals after the quarantine/acclimatization period.

Before releasing animals from quarantine for study the Veterinarian should assess the health

status of the entire stock of animals and certify that animals are healthy and can be used for

experimental purposes.

VI. REFERENCES



VII. REVISION HISTORY

Nil


SUBJECT: RODENT HUSBANDRY



I. OBJECTIVE

The objective of this SOP is to confirm the welfare of the animals maintained in the facility.

II. SCOPE

This SOP describes the basic procedures for routine care and husbandry of rodents.

III. RESPONSIBILITY

Animal care staff, facility supervisors and Veterinarian.

IV. ABBREVIATIONS

CAHF: Central Animal House Facility

IAEC: Institutional Animal Ethics Committee


SOP: Standard Operating Procedures

V. PRECAUTIONS

Feed delivery methods should ensure that all animals are able to access feed for a sufficient

period of time while minimizing feeding aggression and nutrient loss.

Albino rodents are more susceptible to phototoxic retinopathy hence lighting should be

appropriate for those animals also.

VI. PROCEDURE

4.1. Observation of animals

Observe all rodents daily for general condition, injury and illness and to ensure they have

sufficient food and water, including weekends and holidays.

4.2. Emergency and holiday care

Provide routine care and husbandry for all rodents on weekends and holidays.

Make provisions for emergency care by providing both work hours and after hours contact

information for PI’s and their staff. Provide special requests or instructions if needed.

In the event of an emergency inside CAHF use the extension phone to call upon the emergency

personnel. A list of emergency numbers to be contacted is displayed outside the CAHF

entrance.

4.3. Animal identification methods:

Identify all cages with a cage card.

During quarantine period quarantine cage card shall be used and once study initiate study

cards shall be placed and which include details such as name of the investigator, IAEC

protocol number, species, strain, sex and number of animals.

Identify individual animals as needed in accordance with rodent identification methods such

as ear punching, ear tags, tattooing.

4.4. Feeding and Watering

Feed and water are provided ad libitum unless otherwise stated by the researcher.

Animals should be fed palatable, uncontaminated diets that meet their nutritional and

behavioral needs.

Feed should be stored in a type-appropriate manner to preserve nutritional content, minimize

contamination, and prevent entry of pests.

Feeding methods and frequency vary widely depending on the species and age/size of species

Commercial diets from recognized suppliers is been used in CAHF and the storage time

should be based on manufacturer recommendation.

Store open feed bags in leak-proof containers with tightly fitting lids.

Animals should have access to potable, uncontaminated drinking water according to their

particular requirements.

Periodic monitoring for pH, hardness, and microbial or chemical contamination may be

necessary to ensure that water quality is acceptable.

4.5. Social and Environmental Enrichment

Group-house rodents whenever possible

When animal is housing single provide environmental enrichment.

4.6. Environment and Environmental control

Maintain room temperatures between 18 and 24° C.

Maintain relative humidity between 30% and 70%.

Maintain a daily log of room temperature and humidity.

4.5. Bedding

Bedding is used to absorb moisture, minimize the growth of microorganisms, and dilute and

limit animal’s contact with excreta.

Use enough bedding to keep the rodents clean and dry until the next scheduled change.

Animals should have adequate bedding substrate and/or structures

for resting and sleeping. For many animals (e.g., rodents) contact bedding expands the

opportunities for species-typical behavior such as foraging, digging, burrowing, and

nest and it absorbs urine and feces to facilitate cleaning and sanitation.

If provided in sufficient quantity to allow nest building or burrowing, bedding also

facilitates thermoregulation.

4.6. Cage changing and Water bottle Changing

Change cages twice weekly to keep the animals clean and dry and provide a healthy

environment. Wash water bottles twice weekly to keep the drinking water safe and healthy.

4.7. Lighting

Lighting should be diffused throughout an animal holding area and provide sufficient

illumination for the animal’s welfare while permitting good housekeeping practices,

adequate animal inspection including for the bottom-most cages in racks, and safe

working conditions for personnel. Light in animal holding rooms should provide for both

adequate vision and neuroendocrine regulation of diurnal and circadian cycles.

Light levels of about 325 lux (30-ft candles) approximately 1 meter above the floor appear to

be sufficient for animal care.

All animal holding rooms should follow a 12 hour light-dark cycle.

4.8. Pest control

Animal house should be constructed in such a way to prevent, control, or eliminate the

presence of or infestation by pests.

4.9. Housing and Space requirements

All animals should be housed under conditions that provide sufficient space as well as

supplementary structures and resources required to meet physical, physiologic, and behavioral

needs.

An appropriate housing space or enclosure should also account for the animals’ social needs.

Social animals should be housed in stable pairs or groups of compatible individuals unless

they must be housed alone for experimental reasons or because of social incompatibility.

The primary enclosure should provide a secure environment that does not permit animal

escape and should be made of durable, nontoxic materials that resist corrosion, withstand the

rigors of cleaning and regular handling, and are not detrimental to the health and research use

of the animals.

Provide cages that are appropriate in size for the number of rodents housed.

VII. RFERENCES




Nil


SUBJECT: Routine Health Monitoring of Animals in Central Animal House Facility



Name Signature Date





SUBJECT: Routine Health Monitoring of Animals in Central Animal House Facility



I. OBJECTIVE

The objective of this SOP is to ensure the welfare of the animals by the animal caretakers.

II. SCOPE

This SOP describes the procedures for the daily care of the animals housed at CAHF. It also

describes the procedure for monitoring the animal holding.

III. RESPONSIBILITY

Animal caretakers, technician and Veterinary care staff.

IV. ABBREVIATIONS

CAHF : Central Animal House Facility


V. PRECAUTIONS

If an entire room of animals is known to be exposed to an infectious agent, the group should

be kept intact and isolated during the process of diagnosis, treatment and control.

Do not house adult male animals in groups’ in order to avoid fighting.

VI. PROCEDURE

The animals housed in the CAHF must check once daily.

Observe all animals daily for clinical signs of illness, injury or abnormal behavior, including

weekends and public holidays.

Observe each cage and check for adequate feed and water, cage cleanliness, dead animals,

overcrowding.

Record the room temperature and room relative humidity.

Observe the animals in quarantine daily twice for mortality, sickness, fighting or injury.

Isolate the dominant animal when found fighting inside the group housed cage.

When animal found sick isolate the animal and check the health status.

During post-operative recovery or when animals are ill or have a physical deficit, more

frequent observations are done and recorded.

Animals that show signs of a contagious disease should be isolated from healthy animals.

VII. REFERENCES



Nil


SUBJECT: Guidelines for Blood Collection Volumes and Frequency



Name Signature Date





SUBJECT: Guidelines for blood collection Volumes and frequency



I. OBJECTIVE

The objective of this SOP is to ensure well-being of laboratory animals during the collection

of blood from different routes.

II. SCOPE

This SOP describes recommended volumes and frequency for blood collection for commonly

used laboratory animal species.

III. RESPONSIBILITY

Principal Investigators and their staffs, veterinary care staffs.

IV. ABBREVIATIONS

IAEC : Institutional Animal Ethics Committee


V. PRECAUTIONS

Considerations regarding the species to be bled, the size and health status of the animal, the

quantity and type of sample needed (i.e. whole blood, serum, etc.) and the frequency of

sampling, should all be taken into account.

Remember to calculate beforehand the minimum amount of blood necessary to perform all

tests and assays. It is recommended to take no more blood than is absolutely necessary.

Do not puncture a site presenting inflammation or a hematoma.

Limit the number of punctures to four punctures per day with no more than two punctures per

site.

If too much blood is withdrawn too rapidly or too frequently without replacement

(approximately 2% of the animal’s body weight at one time), the animal may go into

hypovolemic shock.

VI. PROCEDURE

The acceptable quantity and frequency of blood sampling in all species is dependent upon

the total blood volume of the animal.

Observe animals prior to sample collection for weakness, illness, dehydration, obesity, or

anemia.

Monitor the animal during and after blood sampling for signs of shock.

4.1. General Principles of Blood Collection in Animals

The method of blood collection should be described in the protocol approved by the IAEC.

It should be least painful and stressful

Blood sample collection from animals may be under anesthesia or without anesthesia

depends upon the route of blood collection.

All nonterminal blood collection without replacement of fluids is limited up to 10% of total

circulating blood volume in healthy, normal, adult animals on a single occasion and collection

may be repeated after 3-4 weeks. Sometimes in particular cases repeated blood samples are

required at short intervals, a maximum of 0.6ml/kg/day or 1.0% of an animal’s total blood

volume can be collected in every 24 hours.

Blood samples are collected using the following techniques:

Blood collection without anesthesia :

Saphenous vein (Rat and Mice)

Dorsal pedal vein (Rat, Mice)

Blood Collection under anesthesia :

Tail vein (Rat and Mice)

Orbital sinus (Rat and Mice)

Jugular vein (Rat and Mice)

Marginal ear vein/artery (Rabbit)

Procedure for saphenous vein blood sample collection

Animal should be restrained manually or by using a suitable animal restrainer.

Remove the hair at the site of blood collection using hair removal cream or electric trimmer.

Hind limb should be immobilized and slight pressure is applied above the knee joint.

20G needle is used to puncture the vein. After puncturing, a syringe with needle is used to

collect blood.

To avoid pain local anesthetic cream can be used on the collection site 30 minutes before the

procedure.

Continuous sampling shall be avoided and not more than three attempts are made.

Collecting more than four samples in a day (24 hours) is not advisable.

Procedure for blood collection from dorsal pedal vein

Dorsal pedal vessels are located on top of the foot so hind foot around ankle is held for that.

The foot is cleaned with antiseptic solution and dorsal pedal vein is punctured with 23/27G

needle.

Then the drops of blood that would appear on skin surface are collected.

Procedure for blood sample collection from tail vein

For collection of blood a 23G needle inserted into tail vein, if the vein is not visible, tail

is dipped into warm water(40ᵒC). The tail should not be rubbed from the base to tip.

To avoid pain local anesthetic cream can be used on the collection site 30 minutes before the

Procedure.

In some cases if blood collection is difficult, cut open 0.5 to 1 cm of surface of skin and the

vein is pricked with blood lance or needle.

Procedure for blood sample collection orbital sinus

This method is also called periorbital, posterior orbital and orbital venous plexus bleeding.

The animsl skin around the eye is pulled taut and scuffed with thumb and fre finger of the

nondominant hand.

The capillary tube is inserted into 30 degree angle to nose at the medial canthus of the eye.

To puncture the tissue slight thumb pressure is enough and enter the plexus or sinus.

Blood will come through the capillary tube. Remove the capillary tube after collection of

required volume of blood.

Bleeding can be stopped by giving a gentle finger pressure using a sterile cotton.

Procedure for blood collection from jugular vein

The jugular veins appear blue in colour and is found 2 to 4 mm lateral to sternoclavicular

junction. The neck region of animal is shaved and kept in hyper extended position.

A 25G needle is inserted in the caudocephalic direction and blood is withdrawn slowly to

avoid collapse of these blood vessels.

Animal has to be handled carefully and not more than 3 to 4 mm of needle is to be inserted

into the blood vessel.

If the attempt to collect fails, one more attempt can be made if there is no bleeding otherwise

the needle is slowly removed and the site is monitored for bleeding.

To stop bleeding finger pressure is applied.

Number of attempt is limited to three.

Apply local anesthetics cream 30 minutes prior to sampling.

Procedure for blood collection from marginal ear vein or artery

For blood sample collection from rabbits this method is adopted.

The animal should be placed in a restrainer.

Ear is cleaned with antiseptic solution and local anesthetic cream is applied on collection site

10 minutes prior to sampling. If requires vasodilators also can be applied to dilate the blood

vessels.

26G needle may be used to collect blood from marginal vein.

Sterile cotton is kept on the collection site, after collecting blood and finger pressure is applied

to stop the bleeding.

4.1. Maximum volumes and recovery periods:

Percent of blood volume collected

in a single sampling

Recovery period

(weeks)

7.5% 1

10% 2

15% 3

4.2. Blood Volume by species:

Species Circulating Blood

Volume (ml/kg bw)

7.5%

(ml/kg bw)

10%

(ml/kg bw)

15%

(ml/kg bw)

Mice 72 5.4 7.2 14.4

Rat 64 4.8 6.4 12.8

Rabbit 56 4.2 5.6 11.2

VII. REFERENCES



Nil


SUBJECT: Maintenance of Cleanliness at Central Animal House Facility



Name Signature Date





SUBJECT: Maintenance of Cleanliness at Central Animal House Facility



I. OBJECTIVE

The objective of this SOP is to ensure that all animal caretakers do the same procedures to

effectively maintain the CAHF, Pondicherry University.

II. SCOPE

This SOP describes the steps taken to maintain cleanliness and the health status of the animals.

III. RESPONSIBILITY

Animal caretakers.

IV. ABBREVIATIONS

CAHF : Central Animal House Facility


V. PRECAUTIONS

The animal caretakers should sanitise the gloves with 70% ethanol or hand sanitizer

between cages. For cages suspected of a contamination, a change of gloves should be done before

and after handling the cage.

VI. PROCEDURE

The animal caretakers and researchers shall keep the rooms neat and tidy as they are shared

between users.

All floors, including animal rooms, procedure rooms, and corridors shall be swept and mopped

with suitable solution daily.

All door handles shall be sanitized weekly.

All general waste bins shall be checked daily. When full, the trash bag shall be removed and

replaced with a new trash bag.

The foot bath and wheel bath area must be cleaned and filled every alternate day,do ens

ure that soil, manure, bedding material should not come into the foot bath.

VII. REFERENCES



Nil


SUBJECT: Euthanasia of Laboratory Rodents



Name Signature Date





SUBJECT: Euthanasia of Laboratory Rodents

SOP number: 008 Version number: 01 Page number: 03


I. OBJECTIVE

The objective of this SOP is to ensure humane euthanasia of laboratory rodents.

II. SCOPE

The scope of this SOP is to describe the different acceptable methods for humane euthanasia

of laboratory rodents.

III. RESPONSIBILITY

It is intended for all personnel trained in euthanasia of rodents.

IV. ABBREVIATIONS

CAHF: Central animal House Facility

SOP: Standard Operating Procedure

V. PRECAUTIONS

Euthanasia techniques should minimize distress and anxiety experienced by the animal

before loss of consciousness.

The method of euthanasia should not cause any adverse emotional effect on the operator.

VI. PROCEDURE

Euthanasia means “good death” and refers to the intentionally ending a life with the purpose

of relieving pain and suffering.

Euthanasia techniques should result in rapid loss of consciousness and quickly followed by

cardiac or respiratory arrest with the final loss of brain function.

The procedure should be carried out quickly and by a painless method in an atmosphere free

from fear or anxiety.

Euthanasia in CAHF is done in necropsy room which is located away from animal rooms and

free from physiological and psychological disturbances.

The method of euthanasia is selected based on the nature of study, species of animal to be

euthanized.

The euthanasia techniques described in this SOP are :

Non-physical Methods: Overdose of inhalant anesthetic and Overdose of injectable

barbiturate.

4.1. Overdose of inhalant anesthetic

The animal(s) shall be placed into a euthanasia chamber/cage.

The animal(s) shall be exposed to the vaporized isoflurane until respiration stops for at least

2 minutes.

4.2. Overdose of injectable barbiturate

Sodium pentobarbitone (300mg/ml) can be used for humane euthanasia.

120mg/kg of the solution is recommended for intraperitoneal (IP) injection.

The personnel shall scruff/secure the animal by hand or using an animal restrainer securely

when injecting the euthanasia solution into the animal.

Respiration should cease for at least 2 minutes to ensure the death of the animal.

VII. REFERENCES




Nil


SUBJECT: Operation of Biosafety Cabinet



Name Signature Date





SUBJECT: Operation of Biosafety Cabinet



I. OBJECTIVE

The objective of this SOP is to ensure the primary barrier protection for individuals working

with biohazardous materials.

II. SCOPE

The scope of this SOP is to describe the appropriate procedures for working in a biosafety

cabinet.

III. RESPONSIBILITY

These procedures must be followed by all who use biosafety cabinet in CAHF.

IV. ABBREVIATIONS

BSC : Biosafety Cabinet

CAHF: Central Animal House Facility


V. PRECAUTIONS

Formulation of drugs and dosing procedures that could create airborne biohazards should

always be performed in a BSC as it protects laboratory workers and the environment from

aerosols or droplets that could spread biohazardous material.

Wear proper PPE before starting the procedure.

Avoid rapid movements of arms/hands inside BSC.

VI. PROCEDURE

Operate cabinet blowers for five minutes before beginning work to allow the cabinet to purge

or remove particulates from the cabinet.

Disinfect the work area. Wipe the work surface, interior walls and surface of the window with

a suitable disinfectant such as 70% ethanol.

Introduce only those items that are required to perform the procedures and arrange in a logical

order. Each item should be wiped with antiseptic solution prior to placing it in into the cabinet

in order to reduce the introduction of contaminants. The flow of work should proceed across

the work surface from clean to contaminated areas.

Similarly pipette tips, discard trays containing disinfectant, biohazard bags, sharps containers,

etc. should be placed to one side of the BSC.

Perform procedures slowly by moving items in and out of the cabinet using a straight in and

out motion and avoiding side to side motions. After placing arms/hands inside the BSC,

manipulations should be delayed to permit the cabinet to stabilize and allow the flow of air to

remove surface contaminants from your arms/hands.

When work is completed all items within the cabinet should be wiped down with disinfectant

and removed from the cabinet. Do not use the interior of the BSC as a storage area since stray

organisms may become trapped and contaminate future experiments. The interior surfaces of

the cabinet should also be cleaned with a disinfectant. Let the blowers operate for five minutes

with no activity inside the cabinet to purge the cabinet of contaminants.

If UV lights are used, they must be tested yearly to ensure that the appropriate wavelength for

decontamination is emitted (254nm). Please note that dust particles on the light and on the

surface of the BSC will inhibit decontamination. If not used properly, UV light can also cause

serious eye and skin injury. Its better to use antiseptic solution for decontamination instead of

UV light.

Investigators should remove their gloves and thoroughly wash their hands exiting the

laboratory.

VII. REFERENCES

National Sanitation Foundation (www.nsf.org). NSF-49 Safety Standard.




Nil

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